Ukukhulelwa lixesha elinomdla kakhulu kuwe, mama okhulelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko kunye namathandabuzo malunga nempilo yomntwana wakho ongekazalwa. Ngeli xesha, kunye neeskeni kunye novavanyo lwegazi oluqhutywa ngugqirha, ungabuzwa malunga novavanyo oluthi ngamanye amaxesha lube negama elintsonkothileyo. ' I-Amniocentesis ' lolunye lovavanyo olunjalo. Usenokuba uzive usoyika xa usiva eli gama. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula namhlanje, ukuze yonke imibuzo yakho malunga nalo icaciswe.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-amniocentesis?
Uyazi, kukho ulwelo olumanzi olujikeleze umntwana esibelekweni. Olu lwelo silubiza ngokuba yi-'amniotic fluid'. Olu lwelo alungomanzi nje kuphela. Luqulathe iiseli eziphilayo zomntwana, iiproteni (umzekelo, i-alpha-fetoprotein - AFP), kunye nezinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Ezi zinokutyhila okuninzi malunga nempilo yomntwana, ingakumbi ulwazi lwemfuza.
I-Amniocentesis yinkqubo ebandakanya ukufaka inaliti encinci kakhulu esiswini sakho, phantsi kwesikhokelo se-scan, kunye nokuthatha isampuli encinci (malunga nethisipuni) yolwelo lwe-amniotic. Iiseli zomntwana ziyahlolwa kwaye kufunyanwa ulwazi malunga neekhromosomes zomntwana. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olufana no-`(uvavanyo lwe-karyotype)` kunye no-`(uvavanyo lwe-FISH)` lunokusetyenziswa koku.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba uvavanyo lwegazi olulula (njenge -NIPT ) lujonga kuphela ukuba umntwana 'usemngciphekweni' wokufumana isifo esithile. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwe-amniocentesis lunokuchonga ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kukho isiphene esithile sokuzalwa okanye akunjalo .
Yintoni enokufunyanwa kolu vavanyo?
Oogqirha abalucebisi wonke umntu olu vavanyo. Ngenxa yokuba lunomngcipheko omncinci kakhulu, lwenziwa kuphela koomama abasengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa izifo zemfuza. Khawucinge nje, ugqirha angacebisa olu vavanyo kwimeko efana nale:
- Ukuba ubona naziphi na iingxaki kwiskeni okanye kuvavanyo lwegazi oye wazifumana.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okanye lomyeni wakho oye waba nezifo zofuzo okanye iziphene zokuzalwa.
- Ukuba ukhe waba nomntwana onesiphene sokuzalwa.
- Ukuba iziphumo zolunye uvavanyo lwemfuza olwenziwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa aziqhelekanga.
Nangona i-amniocentesis ingenakukwazi ukubona zonke iziphene zokuzalwa, inokukwazi ukubona ezi meko zilandelayo ziphambili zemfuza .
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Down syndrome | Imeko ebangelwa kukubakho kwe-chromosome eyongezelelweyo. |
| Isifo seSickle cell | Sisifo esibangelwa kukutshintsha kwesimo seeseli ezibomvu zegazi. |
| Icystic fibrosis | Ukuveliswa kwe-mucus etyebileyo kwiindawo ezifana nemiphunga kunye nenkqubo yokugaya ukutya. |
| Ukungakwazi kwemisipha | Sisifo apho izihlunu zibuthathaka kancinci kancinci kwaye ziphele amandla. |
| Iziphene zetyhubhu yobuchopho | Imeko apho ingqondo yomntwana kunye nomqolo wakhe zingakhuli kakuhle. Umzekelo, i-spina bifida. |
Kwakhona, iskeni esenziwe ngexesha elinye nolu vavanyo ngamanye amaxesha sinokubona ezinye iziphene zokuzalwa, ezifana ne-cleft palate/lip. Ukuba uyafuna, olu vavanyo lunokuchonga isini somntwana ngokuchanekileyo kwe-100% .
Olu vavanyo lwenziwa nini?
Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa phakathi kweeveki ezili-15 ukuya kwezili-18 zokukhulelwa.
Ichaneke kangakanani le nto?
I-Amniocentesis ichanekile malunga ne-99.4% . Kunqabile kakhulu, iziphumo zisenokungafumaneki ngenxa yezizathu zobugcisa, ezifana nokungafumani ulwelo olwaneleyo.
Iingozi kunye neendlela zovavanyo
Le yeyona ngxaki inkulu abantu abaninzi abanayo. Enyanisweni, amathuba okuphuphuma kwesisu ngenxa yolu vavanyo aphantsi kakhulu . Oko kuthetha ukubaNgaphantsi kwe-1% (malunga ne-1 kwi-1000). Ngaphandle koko, amathuba okuba izinto ezifana nokwenzakala kumama okanye kumntwana, usulelo, njl. nazo azifumaneki lula.
Kwelinye icala, kukwathethwa nokuba kukho ithuba elincinci kakhulu lokuba umntwana afumane imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Rhesus disease (apho ii-antibodies egazini likamama zitshabalalisa iiseli zegazi lomntwana) okanye ingxaki yeenyawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-club foot.
Ngaba ngokwenene ufuna ukwenza oku? Hayi. Esi sisigqibo phakathi kwakho nomyeni wakho. Ngaphambi kovavanyo, ugqirha wakho okanye umcebisi wezemfuza uza kukuchazela zonke izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga. Emva koko ungenza isigqibo.
Ngaba zikho ezinye iindlela?
Ewe. Kukho olunye uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-`(chorionic villus sampling - CVS)`. Oku kubandakanya ukuthatha isampuli encinci kakhulu ye-placenta endaweni yolwelo lwe-amniotic lomntwana. Enye inzuzo yovavanyo lwe-CVS kukuba lunokwenziwa kwangethuba kakhulu ekukhulelweni, phakathi kweeveki ezili-10 neli-13. Nangona kunjalo, lukwanomngcipheko omncinci. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze agqibe ukuba yeyiphi efanelekileyo kuwe.
Indlela yokwenza uvavanyo
Le nkqubo ayoyikisi njengoko ivakala. Yonke le nkqubo ithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30.
1. Ukulungiselela: Okokuqala, indawo encinci yesisu sakho iya kucocwa ngesisombululo sokubulala iintsholongwane. I-anesthetic yendawo inganikwa kwindawo leyo ukunciphisa iintlungu.
2. Iskeni: Emva koko ugqirha usebenzisa iskeni ukuze afumane indawo echanekileyo yomntwana kunye ne-placenta.
3. Ukuthatha isampuli: Emva koko, phantsi kweliso leskeni, kufakwa inaliti encinci ngononophelo esiswini iye esibelekweni, kuthathwe ulwelo oluncinci oluvela kwi-amniotic sac apho umntwana akhoyo.
4. Emva: Emva kokuba isampuli ithathiwe, uza kuhlolwa kangangeyure ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho miphumo mibi. Usenokuba nokuqaqamba okuncinci, okufana nokuqaqamba kokuya exesheni. Oku kuqhelekile.
Iziphumo kunye nento omawuyenze ngokulandelayo
Kudla ngokuthatha iiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ukuze kufumaneke iziphumo ezipheleleyo zovavanyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-Down syndrome, iziphumo zokuqala zinokufumaneka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Ukuba iziphumo zibonisa naziphi na iingxaki, uya kuba nethuba lokuthetha nomcebisi okanye ugqirha ukuze nixoxe ngemeko kunye neendlela onokukhetha kuzo ngokuqhubekayo. Ezinye iziphene zokuzalwa (ezifana ne-spina bifida) ngoku zinokunyangwa ngotyando ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni.
Phumla emva kovavanyo
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya ekhaya uphumle kakuhle ngomhla wovavanyo.
- Musa ukwenza naluphi na uhlobo lomthambo.
- Musa ukuphakamisa nantoni na enzima ngaphezu kweekhilogram ezingama-20 (kuquka nabantwana).
- Musa ukulala nomntu.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokungakhululeki, ungathatha i-paracetamol rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-4.
Ukususela ngosuku olulandelayo, ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha ekunika elinye icebiso, ungabuyela emsebenzini njengesiqhelo.
Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
- Umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda.
- Ukuphuma kwegazi okanye olunye ulwelo ngaphakathi kwilungu lobufazi.
- Ukuqhoqhoqho rhoqo kwesibeleko (ukuqaqamba kwesisu).
- Intlungu yesisu ebuhlungu kakhulu kunentlungu eqhelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Amniocentesis luvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba umntwana uneziphene zokuzalwa.
- Olu vavanyo alufanele wonke umntu. Lucetyiswa kuphela kwabo basengozini enkulu ngenxa yezizathu ezithile ezifana nembali yosapho okanye iingxelo zeskeni.
- Nangona kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokuphuphuma kwesisu, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele oko.
- Isigqibo sokugqibela sokuba uza kwenza olu vavanyo okanye hayi sixhomekeke kuwe nomyeni wakho.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphandle kokuthandabuza malunga noloyiko okanye amathandabuzo onokuba nawo.
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