Impilo yemiphunga yakho injani? Masifunde ngovavanyo lweSpirometry ngendlela elula!

Ukuphefumla kubaluleke kakhulu kuthi, akunjalo? Kufana nenjini yomzimba wethu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, inkqubo yethu yokuphefumla, ingakumbi imiphunga, inokuba neengxaki ezincinci. Emva koko oogqirha bethu bafuna ukwazi ukuba le miphunga ikwimeko enjani kanye nokuba isebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Kulapho olu vavanyo lukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-spirometry lunokusinceda khona. Xa usiva eli gama, lisenokuvakala ngathi yinto enkulu, kodwa kulula kakhulu.

Yintoni i-spirometry? Ngaba kunzima kangako?

Ngamafutshane, i-spirometry luvavanyo lokuphefumla olulula kakhulu olulinganisa ukusebenza kwemiphunga yakho. Ngokuyintloko ijonga ukuba ungakanani umoya onokuwuthatha ngokuphefumla kube kanye, ungakanani umoya onokuwukhupha, kunye nokuba ungawukhupha ngokukhawuleza kangakanani loo moya .

Cinga ngayo njengokucima amakhandlela kwikhekhe yakho yosuku lokuzalwa. Akukho ntlungu okanye ukungakhululeki. Umatshini omncinci osetyenziswa ukwenza olu vavanyo ubizwa ngokuba yi-spirometer . Awufaki nto emzimbeni wakho, ngoko akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka.

Kutheni le nto kwenziwa olu vavanyo lwe-spirometry? Lubaluleke kubani?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni ndifuna olu vavanyo ?" I-Spirometry idla ngokwenziwa ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo:

• Chonga izifo zemiphunga: Ngaba ukhwehlela rhoqo? Ngaba uziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo? Ngaba unesandi sokuphefumla esifubeni sakho? Okanye isifuba sakho sivakala siqinile? Ukuba unale mpawu, olu vavanyo lunokukunceda ufumane unobangela. Ngokukodwa:
• Isifuba : Esi sisifo abantu abaninzi abasaziyo. Kule meko, iindlela zomoya ziyancitshiswa.
• I-COPD ( Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuthintelwa Kwemiphunga ): Eli ligama elide. Ngamafutshane, le yimeko yexesha elide ephazamisa ukuhamba komoya okungena nokuphuma emiphungeni. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abatshayayo .
• I-Cystic Fibrosis : Esi sisifo semfuza esichaphazela imiphunga kunye nezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• I-Pulmonary Fibrosis : Le yimeko apho izicubu zemiphunga zikhula kancinci kancinci zize ziqine. Imiphunga ayivuthwa kakuhle.

• Jonga imeko yesifo semiphunga esikhoyo: Ukuba sele unesifo semiphunga, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba amayeza owasebenzisayo asebenza kakuhle na kwaye ukuba isifo siphucukile okanye sibi kakhulu.

• Jonga ukusebenza kwemiphunga ngaphambi kotyando: Oku kubalulekile ngaphambi kotyando olukhulu, ingakumbi ukuba utshaya okanye uneempawu ezinxulumene nemiphunga, ukuze ubone ukuba imiphunga yakho iya kuyinyamezela njani i-anesthesia.

• Ukufumanisa izifo zemiphunga ezinxulumene nomsebenzi: Olu vavanyo lukwasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokonakala kwemiphunga ngenxa yothuli kunye neekhemikhali ezifumaneka kwezinye iindawo zokusebenza.

Khawucinge nje, umhlobo wakho, masithi uChamal. UChamal wayekhwela umoya xa enyuka izinyuko okanye ebaleka ebhasini. Akufumana ugqirha, wacela uChamal ukuba enze uvavanyo lwe-spirometry. Yiyo loo nto wafunyaniswa ukuba unesifo se-asthma. Ngoku, uChamal usela amayeza akhe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye akanangxaki.

Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo lwe-spirometry? Ingaba yinto enkulu?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone indlela yokwenza olu vavanyo. Kulula kakhulu, akukho nto yokoyika.

1. Ukulungiselela: Uza kuhlala phantsi kamnandi esitulweni.

2. Ikliphu yempumlo: Ikliphu encinci ifakwa empumlweni yakho. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba xa uphefumla, uphefumle ngomlomo wakho kuphela, kungekhona impumlo yakho. Le yindlela onokufumana ngayo umlinganiselo ochanekileyo.

3. Isixhobo somlomo: Okulandelayo, uza kucelwa ukuba ubambe umlomo wetyhubhu ecociweyo eqhagamshelwe kwi-spirometer ngokuqinileyo emlonyeni wakho. Kufuneka uyivale ngokuqinileyo ngemilebe yomibini ukuze kungabikho moya uphumayo.

4. Inkqubo yokuphefumla:

• Okokuqala, phefumla ngokuqhelekileyo amaxesha ambalwa.
• Emva koko, bacelwa ukuba baphefumlele nzulu ngaphakathi , de imiphunga yomibini izaliswe ngumoya.
• Okulandelayo, kufuneka uvuthele wonke loo moya ngokukhawuleza nangokunzima kangangoko unako. Njengokucima ikhandlela, kodwa nzima kancinci, kwaye ixesha elide kangangoko unako (ubuncinane imizuzwana emi-6).

5. Ukukhuthaza: Ingcali eyenza uvavanyo iza kukukhuthaza ngokuthi "Ngakumbi! Ngakumbi! Phefumla! Kulungile! Kulungile!" Bayazi ukuba bafuna wenze konke okusemandleni akho.

6. Phinda: Ngokwesiqhelo, oku kwenziwa ubuncinane kathathu ukuze kufunyanwe iziphumo ezichanekileyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kolu vavanyo, unikwa idosi emfutshane ye -bronchodilator (ngesiqhelo i-inhaler) uze uvavanyo luphindwe emva kwemizuzu eli-15-20. Oku kwenzelwa ukubona ukuba ukuphefumla kwakho kuyaphucuka na emva kokusela iyeza. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni izifo ezifana ne-asthma.

Usenokuziva udiniwe kancinci ngeli xesha lovavanyo, kuba kufuneka ukhuphe umoya omninzi kangangoko unako. Kodwa akukho ntlungu konke konke.

Ngaba kukho izinto ekufuneka sizilungiselele ngaphambi kovavanyo?

Ewe, ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo kuvavanyo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzilumkele.

• Amayeza: Xelela ugqirha wakho kwangaphambili malunga nawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, ingakumbi amayeza okuphefumla asetyenziselwa izifo zemiphunga. Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amanye amayeza okuphefumla kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Ukutshaya: Kuphephe ukutshaya ubuncinane iyure ngaphambi kovavanyo. Kungcono ukuyeka ukutshaya ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-24 ukuba kunokwenzeka.
• Utywala: Musa ukusela utywala ngomhla wovavanyo.
• Ukutya: Kuphephe ukutya isidlo esikhulu malunga neeyure ezimbini ngaphambi kovavanyo. Kulungile ukutya isidlo esilula.
• I-Caffeine: Kungcono ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweziselo ezine-caffeine ezifana neti nekofu kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Impahla: Nxiba impahla ekhululekileyo nevumela umoya ukuba uphefumle . Kuphephe impahla eqinileyo.
• Ukuzilolonga: Kuphephe ukuzilolonga okunzima kangangemizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Ukuba unika ingqalelo kwezi zinto, ungafumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo ngakumbi.

Zithini iziphumo zolu vavanyo?

Ungakhathazeki ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zibonakala ngathi zinzulu. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela yonke into ngokulula. Kukho amanyathelo ambalwa aphambili aza kuthathwa:

• I-FVC (Umthamo Obalulekileyo Wokusebenza): Eli lixabiso lilonke lomoya onokuwukhupha ngamandla emva kokuphefumla nzulu. Ngamafutshane, lixabiso eliphezulu lomoya onokuwubamba imiphunga yakho .
• I-FEV1 (Umthamo wokukhupha umoya ophoqelelweyo kwisekhondi e-1): Eli lixabiso lomoya onokukhutshwa kwisekhondi yokuqala xa ukhupha umoya ngamandla. Oku kubonisa indlela umoya okhutshwa ngayo ngokukhawuleza emiphungeni.
• Umlinganiselo we-FEV1/FVC: Umlinganiselo wamaxabiso amabini akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla nawo ubaluleke kakhulu.

La maxabiso athelekiswa namaxabiso aqhelekileyo ngokweminyaka yakho, ubude, isini, kunye nohlanga.

• Indlela yokuthintela: Ukuba i-FEV1 yakho iphantsi kakhulu kune-FVC yakho, kwaye umlinganiselo wakho we-FEV1/FVC uphantsi, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho ukuvaleka okuthile (umz., ukuncitshiswa) kwindlela yakho yomoya. Oku kunokubonwa kwiimeko ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-COPD.
• Ipatheni yokuthintela: Ukuba i-FVC yakho iphantsi, kodwa umlinganiselo wakho we-FEV1/FVC uqhelekile okanye ungaphezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba imiphunga yakho ayikwazi ukufutha ngokufanelekileyo (imiphunga ayifutha ngokufanelekileyo). Oku kunokubonwa kwiimeko ezifana ne-Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ungazami ukuzitolika ngokwakho ezi ziphumo. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthelekisa ezi ziphumo ze-spirometry neempawu zakho kunye nezinye iingxelo zovavanyo aze azichaze ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga koku? Ngaba kunzima kancinci?

I-Spirometry ngokubanzi luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kakhulu . Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu azixhaphakanga. Nangona kunjalo, kuba uvavanyo lufuna ukuba uphefumle ngamandla, kunokubakho ukungakhululeki okuncinci:

• Usenokuziva unesiyezi okanye unesizungu . Oku kuza kuphela emva kwexesha elithile.
• Emva kovavanyo, unokufumana isantya sokuphefumla esinyukayo okanye uzive ukhathazekile kancinci okwethutyana .
• Abanye abantu basenokuba nokukhwehlela .
• Usenokuziva udiniwe kancinci.

Kunqabile kakhulu, abanye abantu banokuva ukucutheka ngequbuliso kwendlela yomoya emiphungeni ( i-bronchospasm ), ingakumbi kubantu abane-asthma enzima. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba uvavanyo lwenziwa phantsi kweliso likagqirha, ukuba oku kuyenzeka, lunokunyangeka ngokukhawuleza.

Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba usandul’ ukuba nohlaselo lwentliziyo, utyando lwamehlo, utyando lwesifuba okanye lwesisu, i-aneurysm ebuchotsheni, okanye isifo sephepha esisebenzayo (TB ). Olu vavanyo lusenokungafaneleki kwiimeko ezinjalo, okanye lunokufuneka lwenziwe ngononophelo olukhethekileyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?

Emva kokuba uvavanyo luphelile, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Ukuba usebenzise i-bronchodilator kakhulu, ungaziva ungcangcazela kancinci ezingalweni zakho okanye ukhawuleze kancinci entliziyweni yakho okwethutyana. Oku kuya kudlula ngexesha elifutshane.

Emva koko, ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngeziphumo zovavanyo. Baza kuchaza ukuba iziphumo zithetha ukuthini kunye namanyathelo ekufuneka uwathathe ngokulandelayo (njengokuvavanya ngakumbi, ukuqala amayeza, okanye ukutshintsha amayeza akho angoku).

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule?

Kulungile, masishwankathele ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• I-Spirometry luvavanyo lokuphefumla olulula nolungenabuhlungu lokuvavanya impilo yemiphunga yakho.
• Oku luncedo kakhulu ekuxilongeni nasekujongeni izifo zemiphunga ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-COPD.
• Ukubhala uvavanyo kufana nokucima amakhandlela ngosuku lokuzalwa , akunzima kakhulu. Kodwa kufuneka uzame kakuhle.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo ngaphambi kovavanyo (malunga nokutya, izinto eziselwayo, kunye namayeza).
• Musa ukoyika iziphumo okanye wenze izigqibo wedwa . Xoxa ngayo yonke into nogqirha wakho kwaye ucele icebiso lakhe.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uneengxaki zemiphunga kwaye ugqirha ekuxelela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo lwe-spirometry, akukho sizathu sokuyoyika. Khumbula nje ukuba linyathelo elibalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa impilo yemiphunga yakho. Ndikunqwenelela ithamsanqa!

i-spirometry, uvavanyo lwemiphunga, uvavanyo lokuphefumla, i-asthma, i-COPD, umsebenzi wemiphunga, isifo sokuphefumla