Xa ufumana inxeba elincinci, ukopha kuyaphela emva kwexesha elithile, akunjalo? Okanye ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba ngamanye amaxesha ufumana imivumbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye emfusa emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokubetha nto? Isizathu esiphambili sezi zinto ziiseli ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba ' ziiplatelets ' egazini lethu. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni xa ezi ncedisi zincipha ngenani? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yiThrombocytopenia kunyango. Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iThrombocytopenia?
I-Thrombocytopenia yimeko apho inani lee-platelet egazini lakho liphantsi kunesiqhelo. Ii-platelet ziiseli ezincinci , ezimile okwediski egazini lethu. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukwenza ihlwili kwindawo yenxeba ukuze kumiswe ukopha. Kufana nokuvala umngxuma eludongeni.
Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba eli gama lithetha ukuthini? Igama elithi “Thrombocytes” lelinye igama leeplatelets. Igama elithi “Penia” lithetha ukungabi nanto yaneleyo, ukunqongophala. Ngoko ke xa ezi zimbini zidibana, kwakheka “Thrombocytopenia”.
Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu ophilileyo kufuneka abe neeplatelets eziphakathi kwe-150,000 kunye ne-450,000 kwi-microliter nganye yegazi (ithontsi legazi liqulethe malunga ne-35 microliters). Ukuba eli nani lingaphantsi kwe-150,000 kwingxelo yegazi lakho, kuthathwa njengemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-thrombocytopenia.
Ngaba uneempawu ezifana nezi?
Amaxesha amaninzi, ukwehla okuncinci kweeplatelet akubonisi zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inani leeplatelet zakho liyehla kakhulu, unokufumana ezi mpawu:
| Uphawu | Kwenzeka ntoni kuloo nto? |
|---|---|
| Ukopha | Ukopha kusenokuvela kwiintsini okanye empumlweni, ingakumbi xa uhlamba amazinyo. Abafazi banokuba nexesha elinzima okanye elide lokuya exesheni. Ngamanye amaxesha, igazi lisenokuba khona kumchamo okanye kwindle. |
| Imivumbo kunye namabala | Imivumbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mfusa (ngokungathi ibethwe) ivela emzimbeni ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yiPurpura ngokwezonyango. Ezi zizinto eziphuma igazi phantsi kolusu. |
| Amabala amancinci abomvu eluswini | Amachaphaza amancinci abomvu (amachaphaza) anobukhulu obufana nencam yepeni angabonakala eluswini, ingakumbi emilenzeni. La machaphaza anokuza ngokwamaqela. Oogqirha bawabiza la maPetechiae . |
| Ukudinwa | Ukubalwa kweeplatelet ezisezantsi kuphela akukubangela ukudinwa. Nangona kunjalo, imeko yezempilo engaphantsi (umz. i-anemia) ebangela ukubalwa kweeplatelet ezisezantsi inokukwenza uzive udiniwe kwaye udiniwe. |
| Ukwandiswa kwepleen | I-spleen sisitho esikwicala eliphezulu lasekhohlo lesisu sethu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ii-platelet zinokubanjwa zize zonakaliswe ngaphakathi kuso, nto leyo enokubangela ukwehla kwenani lee-platelet. Emva koko i-spleen iyadumba. |
Kutheni iiplatelets zincipha ngolu hlobo? Zithini izizathu?
Zininzi izizathu zokuba kutheni usenokuba neeplatelet ezisezantsi. Kunqabile kakhulu, kunokuba yimfuza. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, kubangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango okanye amayeza owasebenzisayo. Ngamafutshane, kukho iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zezizathu.
1. Kuba umzimba awuvelisi iiplatelets ezaneleyo
Umongo wethu wethambo ngumzi -mveliso owenza ezi platelets. Ukuba imveliso yaloo mzi-mveliso ayisebenzi kakuhle, iiplatelets ziya kuncipha.
- Iimeko zomhlaza ezifana ne -leukemia
- Ezinye iintlobo ze -anemia
- Usulelo lweentsholongwane , umzekelo i-dengue, i-hepatitis C , okanye i-HIV
- I-Chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation lomhlaza
- Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo
- Ukungenisa izinto ezinobuthi ezifana nezibulala-zinambuzane kunye ne-arsenic
2. Kuba iiplatelets zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza kunokuba zenziwa
Nokuba umzi-mveliso usebenza kakuhle, ukuba iziko liqhekeka ngokukhawuleza, kuya kubakho ukunqongophala kweeplatelets.
- Ukukhulelwa (kwabanye)
- Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo. Oku kwenzeka xa inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela itshabalalisa iiplatelets zayo ngempazamo. Umzekelo, i-lupus.
- Ezinye izifo zebhaktiriya okanye zentsholongwane
- Amanye amayeza (umz. iHeparin)
- Iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
3. Kuba iiplatelets zinamathela kwipleen
Ngokwesiqhelo, malunga nesithathu seeplatelets zethu zigcinwa kwipleyini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ipleyini iyakhula ngenxa yesifo esifana ne-cirrhosis yesibindi, inani elikhulu leeplatelets libanjwa ngaphakathi kuyo, nto leyo enciphisa inani leeplatelets ezijikeleza egazini.
Kukwakho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-thrombocytopenia.
I-Thrombocytopenia inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili kuxhomekeke kwisizathu.
- I-Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP): Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela itshabalalisa iiplatelets zethu ngenxa yengxaki. Oku kunokuza ngeentlobo ezimbini: i-acute ITP ebantwaneni kunye ne-chronic ITP kubantu abadala.
- I-Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP): Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa eyingozi. Amahlwili egazi amancinci ayenzeka emzimbeni wonke. Ngenxa yokuba kusetyenziswa amahlwili amaninzi ukwenza la mahlwili, inani leeplatelet egazini liyancipha.
- I-Drug-induced Thrombocytopenia (DIT): Le meko inokubakho njengesiphumo esingesihle samayeza athile. Idla ngokunyamalala xa amayeza eyeke ukusetyenziswa.
- I-Gestational Thrombocytopenia: Imeko eyenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngesiqhelo ayibi mandundu. Ihlala iphela emva kokuzalwa.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Idla ngokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo (iFull Blood Count – FBC) olwenziwa ngesinye isizathu. Xa ugqirha wakho efumanisa ukuba une-platelet ephantsi, uza kuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.
Khumbula, ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi lubonisa ukuba iiplatelets zisezantsi, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungaphakuzeli uze ubone ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
| Uvavanyo | Ubona ntoni kuloo nto? |
|---|---|
| Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC/FBC) | Ubungakanani beeseli ezibomvu, iiseli ezimhlophe, kunye neeplatelets egazini buyalinganiswa. |
| Ukutshiza Igazi (Ukutshiza Okungaphandle) | Iiplatelets zihlolwa ngemicroscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba zinemilo nembonakalo eqhelekileyo na. |
| Uvavanyo lweBone Marrow | Ukuba imbangela ayicacanga, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba ifektri yomongo wethambo isebenza kakuhle na. |
Ukongeza, ugqirha unokukuhlola umzimba wakho aze enze i-ultrasound scan yesisu ukujonga ukuba kukho ingxaki enkulu yespleen okanye yesibindi.
Ngaba le meko inokuba yinto enzulu?
Kubantu abaninzi, oku akuyongxaki inkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inani leeplatelet lehla ngaphantsi kwama-20,000, kunokuba yingozi. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukopha kuyenzeka ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ingakumbi engqondweni, nokuba akukho monakalo. Oku kusongela ubomi.
Ngoko ke, ukuba une-Thrombocytopenia, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo kwaye uye kwiikliniki ngexesha. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, utshintsho embonweni, okanye ubunzima bokuthetha, kufuneka uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane njengoko ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokopha ebuchotsheni.
Iphathwa njani?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba inani leeplatelet zakho liphantsi kwaye inani leeplatelet zakho liphantsi kangakanani.
- Ukunyanga unobangela: Ukuba unobangela wokubala kweeplatelet ezisezantsi liyeza, ugqirha uya kuliyeka elo yeza aze anike elinye iyeza. Ukuba lusulelo, baya kulunyanga.
- Amayeza: Ukuba kukho ingxaki yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela efana ne-ITP, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ilawulwa ngokunika amayeza afana nee-steroids.
- Utofelo-gazi okanye iiplatelet: Ukuba inani leeplatelet liphantsi kakhulu okanye kukho ukopha okukhulu, iiplatelet zinikwa ngaphandle (utofelo-gazi lwePlatelet).
- Utyando: Ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azikwazi ukulawula imeko, i-splenectomy ingafuneka.
- Utshintsho lwePlasma: Le ndlela yonyango isetyenziswa kwiimeko ezifana ne-TTP.
Ungazinyamekela njani?
Xa uphila nale meko, kubalulekile ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala.
- Ziphephe izinto eziyingozi: Ziphephe imidlalo efana nebhokisi, ikarati kunye neragbi.
- Lumka ngamayeza: Soloko ubuza ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise amayeza okudambisa iintlungu anyusa umngcipheko wokopha, njenge-aspirin kunye ne-ibuprofen.
- Nciphisa utywala: Utywala bunokunciphisa ukuveliswa kweeplatelets kumongo wethambo, ngoko ke kungcono ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Thrombocytopenia kukuncipha kwenani leeplatelet egazini. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha.
- Ixesha elininzi, akukho zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, qaphela izinto ezifana nokudumba okungachazwanga, ukopha kweentsini/impumlo, kunye namabala abomvu eluswini.
- Zininzi izizathu zale meko. Ngoko ke, musa ukoyika xa ubona iiplatelets ezisezantsi kwingxelo yegazi lakho, kodwa bonana nogqirha ukuze ufumane unobangela.
- Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobunzima bemeko. Ngamanye amaxesha akukho nyango lufunekayo.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu okanye utshintsho embonweni, yiya esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
I-Thrombocytopenia, Iiplatelets, Inani eliphantsi leeplatelets, Ukopha, Ukudumba, iPurpura, iPetechiae
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