Ngaba nawe uziva udiniwe, udiniwe nje, kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla? Ngaba uba nesiyezi nokuba uhamba kancinci? Xa uzijonga esipilini, ngaba ubuso bakho, imilebe, nezandla zakho zibonakala zimhlophe? Ezi azizozinto nje ezingaqhelekanga. Isizathu soku kusenokuba yinto abantu abaninzi abayibiza ngokuba " kukungabikho kwegazi " okanye into esiyibiza ngokuba "yi-anemia " ngokwezonyango. Le yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Ngoko ke akukho nto ixhalabisayo. Masithethe ngale nto namhlanje, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Wazi njani ukuba une-anemia?
Ukuba uneempawu ze-anemia, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho. Uza kukubuza imibuzo, akuhlole, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, acele uvavanyo lwegazi .
Ukuze uncede ugqirha, unganika olu lwazi lulandelayo:
- Nceda uchaze ngokweenkcukacha ukuba zeziphi iimpawu onazo kunye nexesha elide unazo.
- Sixelele ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onale hlobo lwesifo (umz. i-thalassemia ).
- Injani indlela otya ngayo? (ingakumbi ukuba ungumtya wemifuno ).
- Sixelele ngayo nayiphi na imithi oyithathayo ngoku kunye nokuba usela utywala .
Ngamafutshane, kukho izizathu ezintathu eziphambili ze-anemia.
1. Ngenxa yokopha: ngenxa yegazi eliphuma emzimbeni okanye elingena kuwo.
2. Ukwehla kwemveliso yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi : Umzimba awukwazi ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo.
3. Ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ngaphambi kwexesha: Ukonakala kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ngaphambi kwexesha eliqhelekileyo.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokunceda ekufumaneni unobangela ochanekileyo woku. Lunokuqinisekisa nokuba unayo na i-anemia.
| Uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo | Ubona ntoni kuloo nto? |
|---|---|
| Inani elipheleleyo legazi (i-CBC) | Inani kunye nobukhulu beeseli ezibomvu zegazi egazini, kunye namanqanaba azo e-hemoglobin kuyajongwa. |
| I-Serum Ferritin kunye neNqanaba le-Iron egazini | Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana umbono wobungakanani bentsimbi egcinwe emzimbeni. |
| Amanqanaba eVithamini B12 kunye neFolate | Sijonga ukuba sinazo na ezi vithamini ezaneleyo, ezibalulekileyo ekwenzeni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. |
| Ezinye iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo | Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokufumanisa iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-hemolytic anemia (iiseli ezibomvu zegazi eziqhekeka ngokukhawuleza). |
Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba ezi mvavanyo azikwazi ukufumana unobangela, ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni athathe isampuli yomongo aze awuvavanye.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-anemia?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha kukuba unyango aluqali de kufunyanwe unobangela we-anemia. Kuba unyango olunikwayo lolunye uhlobo lwe-anemia lunokuba yingozi kwaye lube yingozi kolunye uhlobo. Ke ngoko, unyango lusekelwe kwisizathu.
1. Unyango lwe-anemia ebangelwa kukopha kwegazi
Ukuba uphulukene negazi ngequbuliso, elininzi (umz., ngenxa yengozi), unganikwa i-saline, utofelo-gazi, ioksijini, kunye ne-iron esibhedlele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uphulukene nokopha okuqhubekayo (umz., isilonda samathumbu, ukopha kakhulu exesheni), into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukufumana umthombo wokopha uze uyeke. Emva koko, ukuba kuyimfuneko, nyanga ukungabikho kwe-iron. Kusenokufuneka wenze i-colonoscopy ukuze ujonge ezi zinto.
2. I-Anemia yokuNqanda i-Iron
Olu lolona hlobo lwe-anemia luxhaphakileyo olubonwa kwilizwe lethu. Xa umzimba ungenayo i-iron eyaneleyo, awukwazi ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi eziqhelekileyo.
Ukuba usebenzisa izongezo zesinyithi, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngezi zinto.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ungaze uthathe iipilisi zesinyithi ngendlela othanda ngayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha. Ukusela isinyithi esingaphezulu kuneso usifunayo kunokuba yingozi.
- Gcina kude nabantwana: Iipilisi ze-iron ziyingozi kakhulu kubantwana abancinci ukuba baziginye ngengozi. Zinokubangela ukufa kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yoko , njengawo onke amayeza, iipilisi ze-iron kufuneka zitshixelwe kude nabantwana abancinci.Ukuba umntwana uyisele ngempazamo aze abonakalise iimpawu ezifana nokuhlanza, urhudo, okanye isiyezi, mthathe ngoko nangoko umse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, fowunela iZiko leSizwe loLwazi ngeePoison kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
- Lumka ngemiphumo emibi: Izongezo ze-iron zinokubangela isicaphucaphu, iintlungu zesisu, ukuqhina okanye urhudo, kunye nendle emnyama. Ungazinciphisa ezi zinto ngokuthatha iipilisi kunye nokutya. Ukuba ezi ngxaki ziyaqhubeka, xelela ugqirha wakho.
- Jonga ukuba amayeza asebenzisana njani na namanye: Ukuba uthatha iipilisi zekhalsiyam, zinokuphazamisa ukufunxwa kwesinyithi. Ngoko ke ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uzithathe ngamaxesha amabini ahlukeneyo, endaweni yokuzithatha ngexesha elinye.
- Inceda ekufunxeni ngcono: I-iron ifunxwa ngcono ngumzimba xa ithathwa ne-vitamin C. Yiyo loo nto ugqirha wakho enokucebisa ukuba uthathe ipilisi yakho ye-iron kunye neglasi yejusi yeorenji.
Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufake ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-iron ekutyeni kwakho. Inyama ebomvu, i-gourd ekrakra, iimbotyi, ispinatshi, ii-drumsticks, amaqanda, kunye neentlanzi zaselwandle ziindawo ezilungileyo ze-iron.
3. Unyango lweVithamini B12 kunye nokuNciphisa iFolate
Unyango lwale meko luxhomekeke kwisizathu. Abanye abantu banengxaki yokuba imizimba yabo ifunxa i-vitamin B12. Basenokufuna ukuthatha inaliti ye-vitamin B12 ubomi babo bonke okanye bathathe iipilisi ezinedosi ephezulu yonke imihla.
Iipilisi ze-folic acid zimiselwe abantu abaswele i-folate. Bakwacebisa ukuba kufakwe ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-vitamin B12 kunye ne-folate (inyama, intlanzi, ubisi, amaqanda, imifuno eluhlaza, kunye neziqhamo) ekutyeni.
4. Unyango lwe-anemia olubangelwa zezinye izizathu ezithile
- Iingxaki zomongo wamathambo: Unyango lwezifo ezizuzwe njenge-thalassemia kunye nesifo se-sickle cell luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzima besifo. Unyango olufana notofelo-gazi rhoqo okanye ukufakelwa umongo wamathambo lunokufuneka.
- Ezinye izifo ezingapheliyo: Kwi-anemia ebangelwa sisifo sezintso okanye i-chemotherapy yomhlaza, i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-erythropoietin, ekhuthaza ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, inikwa njengenaliti.
- I-Hemolytic Anemia: Oku kunyangwa ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Kungadinga amayeza e-steroid, unyango olukhethekileyo olufana ne-plasmapheresis, kwanokususwa kwe-splenectomy njengesisombululo sokugqibela.
Ungayithintela njani i-anemia?
Iintlobo ezininzi ze-anemia, ingakumbi ezo zibangelwa yi-iron, i-vitamin B12, kunye nokungabikho kwe-folate, zinokuthintelwa ngokutya ukutya okunesondlo esifanelekileyo.
- Yongeza ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-iron, i-vitamin B12, kunye ne-folate ekutyeni kwakho.
- Ukuba ungumntu otya imifuno/ongatyi vegan, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye ingcali yesondlo malunga nokutya kwakho kwaye uthathe izongezo zeevithamini ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Nciphisa utya iti nekofu. Kuphephe ukusela iti ngexesha lokutya, ingakumbi kuba ezi zinto zinciphisa ukufunxwa kwe-iron emzimbeni.
- Khetha izonka kunye neenkozo eziqiniswe ngentsimbi.
- Landela iinkqubo zokhuseleko xa usebenza ngezinto ezisekelwe kwilothe (umz. iibhetri, ipeyinti).
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Musa ukuzityeshela izinto ezinjengokuziva udiniwe kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukubonakala uphaphathekile, okanye uzive utyhafile. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ze-anemia. Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ungaze usebenzise iipilisi zesinyithi okanye ezinye iivithamini ngokwakho ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- I-anemia inyangwa ngokufumana unobangela ochanekileyo. Ngoko ke, fumana uvavanyo oluyalelwe ngugqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
- Gcina onke amayeza, kuquka neepilisi zesinyithi, kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kude nokufikelela kwabantwana abancinci. Ukuwasela ngengozi kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukutya okunesondlo esifanelekileyo kunokuthintela iintlobo ezininzi ze-anemia.
I-anemia, ukunqongophala kwe-iron, i-Vitamin B12, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ukudinwa
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