Igama elithi ubhubhane liqhelekile kuthi ngoku, akunjalo? Ingakumbi ngamava e-COVID-19 aqala ngo-2020, la magama abe yinxalenye yobomi bethu. Kodwa ngaba wakha wacinga ngomahluko wokwenyani phakathi kwala magama mathathu: ubhubhane, ubhubhane, kunye nobhubhane? La magama ahluke njani kwelinye? Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula nangokuchanekileyo namhlanje. Ukuzazi ezi zinto kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe, kusapho lwakho, nakuluntu lonke.
Ithini intsingiselo elula yala magama mathathu?
Nangona la magama mathathu esenokuvakala efana, abhekisa kumanqanaba amathathu ahlukeneyo okusasazeka kwezifo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zithini.
| Ixesha | Intsingiselo Elula |
|---|---|
| Uqhambuko | Ngamafutshane, esi sisiqalo. Oku kukwanda ngequbuliso nangokungalindelekanga kwenani lezigulana kwindawo ethile. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwanesigulana esinye esinesifo esosulelayo esingazange sixelwe kwindawo ethile sinokuthathwa njengoQhambuko. Oku kunokuhlala iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iminyaka. |
| Indyikitya yesifo esisulelayo | Xa ubhubhane lungakwazi ukulawuleka luze lusasazeke kwindawo enkulu luze losulele inani elikhulu labantu, lubizwa ngokuba yi-epidemic. Oku kulapho isifo sisasazeka ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi kunokuba iingcali bezilindele. |
| Isifo esikho elizweni jikelele | Xa ubhubhane usiba mandundu kwaye usasazeka kumazwe amaninzi, mhlawumbi nakwiizwekazi, ubizwa ngokuba ngubhubhane. I-COVID-19 ngumzekelo ophambili woku. I-World Health Organisation (WHO) yabhengeza i-COVID-19 njengobhubhane emva kokuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba esi sifo sibi kwaye sisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwihlabathi liphela. Ubhubhane yimeko embi kakhulu enokubulala inani elikhulu labantu. |
Inani lokufa okubangelwa yibhubhane lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi: ukuba bangaphi abantu abasulelekileyo, ukuba intsholongwane iyingozi kangakanani, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamanyathelo athatyathiweyo ukuthintela esi sifo.
Amanqanaba ezilumkiso zobhubhane we-World Health Organisation (WHO)
I-World Health Organization (WHO) ichaza ubhubhane ngokwamanqanaba ama-6. Oku kunceda kakhulu ekuqondeni inqanaba lomngcipheko wesifo.
| Isigaba | Inkcazo yemeko |
|---|---|
| Inqanaba loku-1 | Inqanaba eliphantsi lomngcipheko lelo apho intsholongwane efunyenwe kwizilwanyana ingazange yosulele abantu. |
| Inqanaba lesi-2 | Ukudluliselwa kwesifo sisuka kwisilwanyana siye emntwini. Eli lingaba linyathelo lokuqala kubhubhane. |
| Inqanaba lesi-3 | Amatyala axelwa apha naphaya phakathi kwabantu, kodwa akukho kusasazeka ngokubanzi phakathi koluntu. |
| Inqanaba lesi-4 | Ukudluliselwa kwesi sifo ebantwini kuye kwaqinisekiswa kwaye ukuqhambuka kwaso kuqalile kuluntu. |
| Inqanaba lesi-5 | Ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kumazwe angaphezu kwelinye kummandla omnye. |
| Inqanaba lesi-6 | Ubhubhane Opheleleyo: Ukusasazeka kwesi sifo phakathi koluntu kwilizwe elinye ubuncinane kwelinye ilizwe. |
Ungazikhusela njani ekusasazekeni kwesi sifo?
Ngexesha lobhubhane, kusenokungabikho ndlela yokuzikhusela ngokupheleleyo kwesi sifo. Kuthatha ixesha ukuba izazinzulu zenze isitofu sokugonya . Kodwa asinakulinda nje de kubekho esinye. Singathatha amanyathelo alula, kodwa abaluleke kakhulu, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana esi sifo.
- Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo: Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi abalekayo ubuncinane imizuzwana engama-20 . Ukuba oku akufumaneki, sebenzisa isicoci sezandla esisekelwe kutywala .
- Kuphephe ukuchukumisa ubuso bakho: Kuphephe ukuchukumisa umlomo, impumlo, namehlo ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla zakho. Ezi zezona ndlela ziphambili intsholongwane enokungena ngazo emizimbeni yethu ngokungazi.
- Gquma umlomo wakho nempumlo xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla: Gquma umlomo wakho nempumlo yakho ngethishu. Lahla ithishu esetyenzisiweyo kwisitya senkunkuma ngoko nangoko uze uhlambe izandla zakho kwakhona.
- Ziphephe iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi: Hlala ekhaya kangangoko unako. Nciphisa ezothutho zikawonke-wonke, imicimbi, kunye neendawo ezinabantu abaninzi.
- Gcina iindawo ezihlala endlwini yakho zicocekile: Coca iindawo ezihlala zichukunyiswa njengeengcango, iitafile, izitulo kunye neefowuni ngesibulali-ntsholongwane yonke imihla.
Wenza ntoni ukuba uyagula?
Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu, luxanduva lwakho ukukhusela abanye.
- Hlala ekhaya: Hlala kude nabanye abantu, kwigumbi elahlukileyo.
- Fowunela ugqirha wakho: Ngaphambi kokuba uye kugqirha wakho, fowunela ufumane ingcebiso. Ukuya ekliniki ngokukhawuleza kunokusasaza esi sifo kwabanye.
- Kwimeko kaxakeka: Ukuba uneempawu eziqatha ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla , yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Nxiba imaski yobuso: Ukuba uphuma endlwini usiya kunyango, qiniseka ukuba unxibe imaski yobuso.
- Ziphephe izithuthi zikawonke-wonke: Ziphephe ukusebenzisa iibhasi zikawonke-wonke, oololiwe, okanye iiteksi ukuya esibhedlele.
Masilungiselele ubhubhane kwanangaphambi kokuba wenzeke.
Ubhubhane awuyongxaki yempilo nje kuphela. Ukwabangela iingxaki ezinkulu zoqoqosho nezentlalo, ezifana nenani elikhulu labantu abagulayo nabangakwaziyo ukuya emsebenzini. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela kwangaphambili.
- Bhala uluhlu lweenombolo zefowuni zabantu oza kubafowunela xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Ukuba izikolo kufuneka zivalwe, cwangcisa inkqubo yokuba abantwana bafunde besekhaya.
- Gcina ukutya okubalulekileyo, amanzi, amayeza, nezinye izinto ekhaya.
- Lala ngokwaneleyo, lawula uxinzelelo , yitya ukutya okunesondlo, kwaye uzilolonge. Ezi zinto ziya kwandisa amandla akho okuzikhusela.
- Jonga abamelwane bakho, ingakumbi abantu abadala, uze ubanike ulwazi noncedo abaludingayo.
Ezinye zezona zifo zimbi kakhulu kwimbali
Kuyo yonke imbali yoluntu, kubekho izifo ezininzi ezibulalayo. Ezinye zazo zezi:
- Ukufa Okumnyama : Kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-25 bafa kwesi sifo sasasazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu phakathi kowe-1347 nowe-1351.
- Ubhubhane woMkhuhlane (umkhuhlane waseSpain) ka-1918: Lo mkhuhlane wabulala abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-50 kwihlabathi liphela.
- Ingqakaqha: Esi sifo, esahlala amakhulu eminyaka, sabulala abantu abazizigidi ezingama-300 kwinkulungwane yama-20 kuphela. Kodwa ngenxa yokugonywa, esi sifo satshatyalaliswa ehlabathini ngo-1980.
- I-HIV kunye ne-AIDS: Esi sifo sibulele abantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-43 kwihlabathi liphela.
- I-COVID-19: Ngowama-2024, kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezisi-7 kwihlabathi liphela baya kuba beswelekile ngenxa ye-COVID-19.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ubhubhane, ubhubhane, kunye nobhubhane ziindlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zokusasazeka kwezifo. Ubhubhane lolona hlobo lunzima, lusasazeka kumazwe nakwilizwekazi.
- Ngexesha lobhubhane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuziqhelanisa nemikhwa elula yezempilo efana nokuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo ngesepha, ukuphepha ukuchukumisa ubuso bakho, kunye nokuphepha iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu, zihlukanise nabanye ngoko nangoko kwaye ucele ingcebiso kugqirha. Ukuba uneempawu eziqatha, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo esibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
- Ubhubhane awuchaphazeli impilo kuphela, kodwa noluntu kunye noqoqosho. Ngoko ke, ukulungiselela kwangaphambili kunokunciphisa impembelelo yawo.
- Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo uze ufumane iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo.
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