Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba uziva njani ulambile ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukuba ubushushu bomzimba wakho buhlala bufana njani, okanye ukuba ulala njani ebusuku? Konke oku akwenzeki nje kuphela. Emva kwezi nkqubo zibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu kukho 'umphathi' omncinci, kodwa onamandla kakhulu. Nguye i-hypothalamus . Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nxalenye yomzimba wethu enobukhulu be-almond encinci, kodwa eyenza umsebenzi omangalisayo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-hypothalamus?
I-hypothalamus yindlala encinci engqondweni yakho. Yindawo ephambili yokulawula inkqubo yehomoni yomzimba wethu, okanye inkqubo ye-endocrine. Njenge-thermostat endlwini yakho. Njengokuba i-AC ivula xa ubushushu endlwini yakho bunyuka kwaye bucima xa buhla, i-hypothalamus ifumana imiqondiso evela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kwaye yenza izinto ezifunekayo ukugcina i-homeostasis.
I-hypothalamus ayisebenzi yodwa ukwenza lo msebenzi. Iyalela umncedisi wayo oyintloko , i-pituitary gland . Sikwabiza i-pituitary gland ngokuthi 'yi-master gland' kuba, ngokwemiyalelo evela kwi-hypothalamus, yiyo ekhupha iihomoni ezifunekayo kwamanye amadlala emzimbeni (njenge-thyroid gland, i-adrenal glands, izintso, kunye namalungu okuzala).
Cinga nge -hypothalamus njenge-CEO yenkampani enkulu. Ixelela i-pituitary gland (uMphathi) into amakayenze. Emva koko uMphathi uyala amanye amalungu (amalungu omzimba) ukuba enze kanye loo nto.
Umahluko phakathi kweThalamus kunye neHypothalamus
La magama mabini afana kancinci, ngoko ke abanye abantu banokudideka. Omabini yinxalenye yengqondo ephakathi. Kodwa anemisebenzi eyahlukileyo.
- I-Thalamus: Umsebenzi wayo kukufumana imiqondiso evela kwiimvakalelo zethu (ngaphandle kwevumba), ukukhetha okubalulekileyo, nokuzithumela kwi-cerebral cortex, inxalenye yengqondo eyenza imisebenzi ekumgangatho ophezulu. Inceda ngezinto ezifana nenkumbulo, ukufunda, kunye nengqalelo.
- I-Hypothalamus : Igama lesiGrike elithi "hypo" lithetha "phantsi." Ngoko ke le ifumaneka ngaphantsi kwe-thalamus. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukulawula inkqubo yehomoni yomzimba kunye nokugcina ibhalansi yangaphakathi emzimbeni.
Zithini imisebenzi ephambili ye-hypothalamus?
I-hypothalamus idlala indima enkulu ekugcineni imizimba yethu isempilweni kwaye ilungelelene. Jonga olu luhlu.
- Ukukhula komzimba kunye nokulungiswa kweeseli
- Ityuwa namanzi emzimbeniIbhalansi
- Ulawulo lobushushu bomzimba
- Isantya sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi
- Izinga lokuphefumla
- Ukukhuthaza indlala nonxano
- Ulawulo lokugaya ukutya
- Ulawulo lokulala nokuvuka ( umjikelo wokulala )
- Isimo sengqondo
- Ukuvuselelwa ngokwesondo
- Ukuveliswa kobisi koomama abancancisayo
Iihomoni ezibalulekileyo ezikhutshwa yi-hypothalamus
I-hypothalamus ilawula iintlobo ezimbini zeehomoni. Ezinye iihomoni zenziwa zize zithunyelwe kwi-pituitary gland, ezizikhuphayo kumalungu azifunayo. Ezinye iihomoni ezimbini zenziwa zize zigcinwe kwi-pituitary gland, kwaye zikhutshwa kuphela xa zifuneka.
| Ihomoni | Umsebenzi ulula. |
|---|---|
| I-hormone ekhupha i-Thyrotropin (TRH) | Ivuselela i-thyroid gland kwaye inceda ukulawula imetabolism yomzimba. |
| I-hormone ekhupha i-corticotropin (CRH) | Amadlala e-adrenal ayalelwe ukuba akhuphe i- cortisol yehomoni yoxinzelelo. |
| Ihomoni yokukhupha ihomoni yokukhula (GHRH) | I-pituitary gland ixelelwa ukuba ikhuphe i-growth hormone, efunekayo ekukhuleni komzimba. |
| I-hormone ekhupha i-Gonadotropin (GnRH) | Ivuselela ukukhululwa kweehomoni (i-FSH kunye ne-LH) ezifunekayo ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo yokuzala kunye nokuvuthwa ngokwesondo. |
| I-Dopamine kunye neSomatostatin | Oko kwenziwa zezi zinto kukuthintela i-pituitary gland ekukhupheni iihomoni ezithile. Oko kukuthi, zenza ulawulo. |
| I-Oxytocin | Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'love hormone', inceda ekuqiniseni ulwalamano phakathi kwabantu, ekuqiniseni ukuzala ngexesha lokuzala, nasekuncanciseni. |
| I-Vasopressin | Inceda ekulawuleni ukusebenza kwezintso, ukugcina amanqanaba amanzi afanelekileyo emzimbeni, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi. |
Ziziphi izizathu ezinokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-hypothalamic?
Ukuba ukusebenza kwenxalenye ebaluleke kangaka kuyaphazamiseka, umzimba wonke ungaphazanyiswa. Oku kubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo.
- Iziphene zokuzalwa: Uphuhliso olungaqhelekanga oluvela engqondweni okanye kwi-hypothalamus ngelixa umntwana ekhula esibelekweni sikanina.
- Izifo zofuzo: Umzekelo, iPrader-Willi syndrome okanye iKallmann syndrome.
- Ukulimala kwengqondo okubangelwe kukwenzakala: Ukonakala kwengqondo okubangelwe yingozi.
- Iithumba zobuchopho: Iithumba ezikufutshane okanye ezibeka uxinzelelo kwi-hypothalamus.
- Utyando lobuchopho, unyango lwemitha, okanye i-chemotherapy.
- Usulelo lobuchopho okanye iimeko zokudumba: umzekelo, i-multiple sclerosis.
- Ukunqongophala kokutya okunempilo kunye noxinzelelo: Iingxaki zokutya , umthambo ogqithisileyo, ukungatyi iikhalori ezaneleyo, kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu lwengqondo kunokubangela ukuba umzimba uvelise i-cortisol engaphezulu. Oku kunokubangela ukuba i-hypothalamus ibe buthathaka.
Izifo ezinokwenzeka ezinxulumene ne-hypothalamus
Izifo ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka ngenxa yokusebenza kakubi kwe-hypothalamus.
Ukutyeba kakhulu kwi-hypothalamic
Ukonakala kwe-hypothalamus kunokuphazamisa ibhalansi phakathi kwendlala kunye nobungakanani beekhalori ezitshiswa ngumzimba. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezifana nokuziva ulambile nokuba utya kangakanani na , ukutyeba ngokukhawuleza, iingxaki zokulala, kunye nobunzima bokulawula ubushushu bomzimba.
I-Amenorrhea esebenzayo ye-Hypothalamic
Le yimeko echaphazela abafazi. Xa umzimba ungafumani amandla afunekayo (ukutya okungafanelekanga, ukuzilolonga kakhulu) okanye xa kukho uxinzelelo olukhulu, i-hypothalamus inciphisa ukukhutshwa kwehomoni i-GnRH. Oku kuthintela ukukhutshwa kweqanda. Ngenxa yoko , ukuya exesheni kunokuyeka ixesha elingaphezu kweenyanga ezi-3 .
I-Central Diabetes Insipidus
Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga sokuzikhusela komzimba. Kule meko, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela yonakalisa i-hypothalamus. Oku kubangela ukunqongophala kwehomoni i-vasopressin, elawula amanqanaba amanzi emzimbeni. Ngenxa yoko , ukuchama kakhulu kunye nokunxanwa kakhulu kwenzeka.
Kubalulekile: Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yiDiabetes Insipidus, yahluke ngokupheleleyo kwisifo seswekile esisaziyo ngokubanzi.
Uxilongo kunye nonyango
Ukuba unale mpawu, ugqirha wakho uza kuhlola imbali yakho yezonyango aze emva koko acele uvavanyo olufunekayo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo: ukujonga amanqanaba ahlukeneyo eehomoni (i-thyroid, i-cortisol, iihomoni zesini), amanqanaba esodium, njl.
- Iiskeni zobuchopho: I-MRI okanye i-CT scan inokujonga ukuba kukho ithumba okanye omnye umonakalo engqondweni.
- Uvavanyo lwentsimi ebonakalayo
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwisizathu sesifo kunye neempawu zakho. Ezi ziquka:
- Utyando okanye unyango lwemitha kwiithumba.
- Unyango lokutshintshwa kwama-hormone ngenxa yokungabikho kwama-hormone.
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya kunye nendlela yokuphila.
- Ingcebiso ngempilo yengqondo.
Naluphi na unyango kwezi kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-hypothalamus 'liziko lolawulo' elibaluleke kakhulu engqondweni yethu elilawula inkqubo yehomoni yomzimba.
- Le nxalenye incinci ilawula indlala yakho, unxano, ubuthongo, ubushushu bomzimba, imeko yakho yeemvakalelo, nokunye okuninzi.
- Ukulimala entloko, iithumba zobuchopho, usulelo, iimeko zemfuza, kunye noxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kunye nemikhwa engalunganga yokutya kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwe-hypothalamus.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nokunyuka kwesisindo ngequbuliso, ukuyeka ukuya exesheni, kunye nokunxanwa kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
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