Wake wezwa 'ngama-polyp ekholoni'? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho uke wawakhuluma, noma kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa leli gama kwenye indawo. Kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kancane uma uzwa lokhu, kodwa ngokuba nolwazi oluphelele, ungazivikela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo esikhathini esizayo. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokusobala nangokulula njengengxenye yomphakathi waseNirogi Lanka.
Ayini ngempela ama-Colon Polyps?
Kalula nje, lezi yizimila ezincane zezicubu ezikhula olwelwesini lwangaphakathi lwekholoni lakho (amathumbu amakhulu). Zicabange njengethegi lesikhumba elincane ngaphakathi kwendlela yakho yokugaya ukudla. Eziningi zazo azinangozi. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezithile zama-polyp, uma zingalashwa isikhathi eside, zingaba nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu.
Yingakho odokotela bencoma ukususa lezi zimila ngokushesha nje lapho zitholakala.
Zivame kakhulu; kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abadala abangu-15% kuya ku-40% bangase babe nazo ngesikhathi esithile. Ingozi iphakeme kancane kwabesilisa nakulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50.
Kungani beqala? Ubani osengozini?
Esikhathini esiningi, la ma-polyp ayenzeka ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo emaseli akho. Odokotela basacwaninga ngezimbangela eziqondile zalezi zinguquko.
Nakuba noma ubani engaba nazo, izici ezithile zingandisa ingozi yakho. Hlola ukuthi kukhona yini okulandelayo okusebenzayo kuwe:
- Umlando womndeni: Uma ilungu lomndeni libe nama -polyps ekholoni noma umdlavuza wekholoni .
- Ubudala: Uneminyaka engu-50 noma ngaphezulu.
- Isisindo: Ukuba nesisindo esingaphezulu ( BMI engaphezu kuka-25) noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile (BMI engaphezu kuka-30).
- Ukubhema .
- Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala (ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwansuku zonke).
- Ukudla: Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi kanye ne-fiber encane.
- Umlando womuntu siqu wama-polyps noma umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu.
- Ukuba nesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo njenge-`(Ulcerative Colitis )` noma `(Isifo sikaCrohn)`.
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili esingaphathwa kahle.
- Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi ngaphandle kokuzivocavoca umzimba okuningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimo ezingavamile zofuzo ezifana ne-`(Familial Adenomatous Polyposis – FAP)` noma `(Lynch syndrome)` zingandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho. Uma unomlando womndeni walezi zimo, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho.
Ingabe ukudla okudlayo kunendima?
Yebo, ngezinga elithile. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukunciphisa okulandelayo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yakho:
- Inyama ecutshunguliwe (isb., amasoseji, ubhekeni).
- Inyama ebomvu (isb., inyama yenkomo, ingulube).
- Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi (isib., ukudla okuthosiwe kakhulu).
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-polyp?
Yebo, akuwona wonke ama-polyp afanayo, futhi akuwona wonke anomdlavuza. Odokotela bawahlukanisa ngezigaba ngemva kokuwahlola nge-microscope. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko:
| Uhlobo lwe-Polyp | Incazelo kanye nokubaluleka |
|---|---|
| Ama-polyp e-Adenomatous | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu (cishe u-70%). Iningi lomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu liqala ngalolu hlobo, yize ngokuvamile kuthatha iminyaka eminingana ukuthi ube nomdlavuza. |
| Ama-polyp ahlanganisiwe | Iqanjwe ngokubukeka kwayo okufana ne-sawtooth. Ezinye zalezi zibhekwa njengezingenawo umdlavuza futhi zingaphenduka zibe umdlavuza. |
| Ama-polyp angenapulasitiki | Lezi zivame ukuba zincane futhi zinomngcipheko ophansi kakhulu wokuba nomdlavuza. Ngokuvamile aziyona imbangela yokukhathazeka okukhulu. |
| Ama-polyp okuvuvukala | Lokhu akuzona izimila zangempela kodwa kuyindlela yokusabela ekuvuvukeni okungapheli emathunjini. Akuguquki kube umdlavuza. |
Zibukeka kanjani?
Odokotela bahlola ubukhali bawo obungaba khona ngokusekelwe kusayizi nesimo:
- Usayizi: Ngokuvamile, uma i-polyp inkulu, kulapho ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza iba nkulu khona.
- Ukuma: Ezinye ziyisicaba eduze kodonga lwamathumbu (`(Sessile)`), kanti ezinye zikhula esiqwini njengekhowe (`(Pedunculated)`). Ama-polyp anezinsika avame ukuba lula ukuwasusa.
Ziyini izimpawu?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu: Ezimweni eziningi, ama-polyp amathumbu amakhulu awabangeli zimpawu nhlobo! Ungase ungazi nokuthi unawo kuze kube yilapho etholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile.
Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babhekane nalokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukopha kwegazi endulwini: Ukubona igazi endlini yangasese noma ephepheni lezicubu kungabonisa ukopha emathunjini.
- Izinguquko kumbala wendle: Indle ebonakala imnyama noma inemigqa ebomvu ingase ibonise ukuthi kukhona igazi.
- Izinguquko emikhubeni yamathumbu: Ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo esihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto.
- Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuqaqamba kwesisu.
- Ukukhathala noma ukuphelelwa umoya: Ukopha okuncane okungapheli okuvela kuma-polyps kungaholela ekuntuleni insimbi kanye ne-anemia.
Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, sicela uxhumane nodokotela ngokushesha. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukopha okukhulu endulwini, xhumana nezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze ngokushesha.
Okubalulekile: Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, akusho ukuthi unesimila samathumbu amakhulu. Ezinye izimo ezilula, njenge-hemorrhoids, nazo zingaba yimbangela. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole imbangela eqondile. Sicela ungalibali ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Zitholakala futhi zelashwa kanjani lezi zifo?
Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela umdlavuza we-colonectal. Kunezindlela eziningana zokuhlola ezitholakalayo ngale njongo.
| Ukuhlolwa | Lokho okuhilelekile kukho |
|---|---|
| I-Colonoscopy | Lena "iGold Standard." Ngesikhathi ulaliswa, kusetshenziswa ipayipi elincane neliguquguqukayo elinekhamera ukuhlola wonke umathumbu wakho. Uma kutholakala ama-polyp, angasuswa kaningi ngesikhathi senqubo efanayo. Izicubu zibe sezithunyelwa ukuze kuhlolwe amaseli anomdlavuza. |
| I-Colonoscopy Ebonakalayo (i-CT Colonography) | Lokhu kusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-CT scan. Akukho payipi elifakwa emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, ama-polyp awakwazi ukususwa phakathi nalolu vivinyo; uma etholakala, uzodinga i-colonoscopy yokulandelela ukuze ususwe. |
| I-Sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo | Kufana ne-colonoscopy, kodwa lokhu kugxila kakhulu ekuhloleni ingxenye engezansi ye-colon. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwesitulo | Ukuhlolwa okufana ne FIT/FOBT kuhlola ukuthi azikho yini izimpawu ezincane zegazi esitulweni. Uma lokhu kuhlolwa kuqinisekile, uzodinga i-colonoscopy elandelayo. |
Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukususwa kokukhula, okwaziwa ngokuthi i- Polypectomy . Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kwenziwa ngaphandle kobuhlungu ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy. Uma i-polyp isisusiwe ngokuphelele, ingozi yokuphinda ivele iphansi. Kodwa-ke, ngoba ungase ube sengozini yokuthola ama-polyp amasha, kubalulekile ukuthi ubuye ukuze uzohlolwa ngokulandelayo njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho (isb., njalo eminyakeni emi-3-5).
Ungazivimbela kanjani?
Nakuba ungenakukwazi ukulawula izici zofuzo, ukwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.
- Yidla ukudla okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, kanye ne-fiber (njengobhontshisi, amalentili, kanye nobhontshisi).
- Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, lwela ukugcina isisindo sakho siphilile.
- Nciphisa ukudla kwakho inyama ebomvu, inyama ecutshunguliwe, kanye nokudla okunamafutha amaningi.
- Yenza umsebenzi womzimba ojwayelekile.
- Gwema ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inani elanele le -calcium ne-Vitamin D.
- Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, noma unomlando womndeni, xhumana nodokotela wakho mayelana nezikhathi zokuhlolwa ezifanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-polyp ekholoni avamile futhi ayalawuleka, kodwa akufanele anganakwa.
- Ama-polyp avame ukungabi nazimpawu, yingakho ukuhlolwa njalo njengoba ukhula kubalulekile.
- I-colonoscopy ivumela kokubili ukutholakala nokususwa kwama-polyps ngokushesha.
- Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila elula kungasiza ekunciphiseni iphrofayili yakho yengozi.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu eziphathelene nokuhlanza njengegazi esitulweni sakho, ungesabi, kodwa ungalindi —bonana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
INirogi Lanka: Ama-polyp ekholoni, i-colonoscopy, igazi esitulweni, ubuhlungu besisu, umdlavuza we-colorectal
