Uma othile emndenini wakho, mhlawumbe umama wakho, udadewenu, noma u-anti wakho, eke waba nomdlavuza webele , unokwesaba engqondweni yakho, “Ingabe nami ngizowuthola?” Ingabe lokhu akukhona ukwesaba abantu abaningi abanakho? Abanye besifazane abasengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza webele basuswa amabele abo womabili ngokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza uvele. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-preventive mastectomy . Njengoba lesi kuyisinqumo esikhulu, masicacise futhi siqonde ngakho.
Kuyini Ukususwa Kwesisu Okuvimbelwe?
Kalula nje, lokhu ukususwa kwezicubu zebele okungase kube namaseli anomdlavuza ukuze kuqedwe noma kuncishiswe kakhulu amathuba okuba nomdlavuza webele esikhathini esizayo. Lokhu akwenziwa ngemva kokuba umdlavuza usuvele, kodwa njengesinyathelo sokuqapha ngaphambi kokuba uvele, ngenxa yengozi enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-Bilateral Prophylactic Mastectomy'.
Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu kuhlinzwa ukususa izicubu eziningi zebele ngangokunokwenzeka ezingaba umdlavuza, nokuvikela ezingozini zesikhathi esizayo.
Ubani ngempela lo kuhlinzwa okufanelekelayo?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlinzwa akukhuthazwa wonke umuntu. Ngisho nezinhlangano ezifana neNational Cancer Institute zincoma ukuthi abesifazane abasengozini enkulu kakhulu yomdlavuza kuphela abakucabangele.
Khumbula, lokhu akuyona into oyenzayo ngoba nje wesaba ukuthola umdlavuza webele (ukwesaba umdlavuza). Kumelwe kube nezizathu zezokwelapha ezicacile zalokhu.
Noma ubani onesifo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezici eziyingozi kuleli thebula elingezansi angakhuluma nodokotela wakhe ngalokhu.
| Isici Sengozi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1 noma ze-BRCA2 | Lezi yizakhi zofuzo ezandisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza webele. Lezi zingatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo. |
| Umlando womndeni oqinile kakhulu | Uma izihlobo eziningana eziseduze (umama, udadewabo, indodakazi) ziye zaba nomdlavuza webele, ikakhulukazi uma zathola lesi sifo zisencane. |
| Isimo se-Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) | Nakuba lokhu kungeyona umdlavuza, kuyisimo esanda ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza esikhathini esizayo. Ingozi iphakeme nakakhulu uma kunomlando womndeni walokhu. |
| Ngemva kokuthola ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka engu-30 | Uma uthole ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni yesifuba useyingane ngenxa yesinye isifo (isib. i-Hodgkin's Lymphoma), kwandisa ingozi yakho yomdlavuza webele esikhathini esizayo. |
| Ukuba nomdlavuza ebeleni elilodwa futhi unengozi enkulu yokuba nawo ebeleni elinye | Uma umdlavuza usuvele welaphekile kwelinye ibele futhi kunengozi enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza kwelinye ibele ngenxa yezizathu zofuzo noma ezinye. |
Ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo esinjengalesi, kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelulekwa ngofuzo kanye nokwelulekwa ngokwengqondo , njengoba lesi kuyisinqumo esikhulu esithinta umzimba kanye nengqondo.
Ingabe lokhu kuyayiqeda ngempela ingozi yomdlavuza ngo-100%?
Yilokhu abantu abaningi abakubuzayo. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, kunzima ukunikeza isiqinisekiso esingu-100%. Kodwa-ke, ingozi ingancishiswa ngamaphesenti aphezulu kakhulu, njengo-90% - 95% . Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulabo abanezinguquko zezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA.
Pho kungani kungenjalo ngo-100%?
Cabanga ngakho... Izicubu zethu zebele azikho endaweni eyodwa njengoba sicabanga. Zisakazeka kusukela entanyeni kuya ezimbanjeni ezingezansi, kanye naphakathi kwesifuba kuya ekhwapheni. Izindlala ezikhiqiza ubisi (ama-milk lobules) kanye nemigudu yobisi, engaba umdlavuza, zisakazeka kulo lonke izicubu zebele, ngisho nangaphansi kwesikhumba.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo unekhono elingakanani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokucophelela kangakanani, akusebenzi ukususa wonke amaseli esicutshini asakazeke ngale ndlela. Ngakho-ke, inani elincane kakhulu lezicubu lingashiywa. Yingakho ingozi ingasuswa ngokuphelele. Kodwa ingozi incishisiwe kakhulu ngoba inani elisele lincane kakhulu.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa… ingabe zikhona izinketho zesimanje?
Yebo. Ngenhlanhla, namuhla kunezindlela ezithuthuke kakhulu zalokhu kuhlinzwa. Ngokungafani nesikhathi esidlule, imiphumela manje iphumelela kakhulu.
Ukususwa Kwesisu Okungaphazamisi Isikhumba
Lena yindlela evame kakhulu esetshenziswa namuhla. Kule nqubo, odokotela basusa ngokucophelela kuphela izicubu zendlala ezingaphansi kwebele ezisengozini yokuba nomdlavuza, ngaphandle kokulimaza isikhumba. Lokhu kususa inani elikhulu kakhulu lezicubu ezingaba umdlavuza.
Ngokuvamile, ingono kanye nesikhumba esimnyama esizungezile (i-areola) kuyasuswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi yonke imibhobho yobisi ixhunywe engcondweni, futhi kunezicubu eziningi ze-glandular kuleyo ndawo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba isikhumba sebele sisele, kulula kakhulu ukwakha kabusha ibele (ukwakhiwa kabusha kwebele).
Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwebele ngokushesha
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwakhiwa kabusha kwamabele manje kungenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo nokususwa kwebele, kusetshenziswa izicubu ezivela kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho noma izimila ezikhethekile.
Uma lezi zindlela ezimbili zihlanganiswa, okungukuthi, lapho isikhumba sigcinwa, amabele asuswa, bese akhiwa kabusha ngesikhathi esifanayo, imiphumela iba yimpumelelo enkulu. Abesifazane abaningi abenza lokhu kuhlinzwa bayajabula kakhulu ngesinqumo sabo kanye nokubukeka abakutholayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukususwa kwebele ngokuvimbela akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwenza. Kunconywa kuphela kwabesifazane abasengozini enkulu yomdlavuza webele.
- Nakuba lokhu kuhlinzwa kungayisusi ngokuphelele (100%) ingozi yomdlavuza, kungayinciphisa ngaphezu kuka-90% .
- Ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo esikhulu kangaka, kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelulekwa ngofuzo kanye nokwelulekwa ngokwengqondo .
- Ngokuhlinzwa kwanamuhla kokusindisa isikhumba kanye namasu okuvuselela ngokushesha , kungenzeka ukuthi uphinde uthole ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo nokwesaba onakho ngalokhu nodokotela wakho. Uzochaza izingozi zakho kanye nezinketho ezingcono kakhulu kuwe.
Umdlavuza Webele, Ukususwa Kwesisu Okuvinjelwayo, Ukususwa Kwesisu, I-BRCA, Ingozi Yomdlavuza, Ukususwa Kwesisu, Impilo Yabesifazane
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