Ingabe unemvukuzane efana nale esweni lakho? Ake sixoxe nge-Conjunctival Melanoma!

Wake waphawula ibala elinsundu noma iqhubu elincane engxenyeni emhlophe yeso lakho? Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaqapheli. Kodwa, kungase kungabi lula njengoba ucabanga. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngomdlavuza weso ongavamile kodwa ongaba yingozi.

Kuyini i-Conjunctival Melanoma?

I-Melanoma - I-Grosinger, i-Spigelman kanye ne-Grey" decoding="async" height="533" loading="lazy" src="https://www.eyemichigan.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Grosinger-Spigelman-Grey-Conjunctival-Melanoma.jpg" width="800"/>

Kalula nje, i-conjunctival melanoma uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile olungavela esweni lakho. Abanye abantu bayibiza nangokuthi ``Conjunctival Malignant Melanoma.'' Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini ``conjunctiva''. Yi -membrane ecacile emboza ingaphakathi leso lakho, ingxenye emhlophe yeso lakho (ebizwa nangokuthi ``sclera'') . Ukuze kube sobala, isikhathi esiningi, le melanoma ikhula ku-``bulbar conjunctiva'', i-membrane yama-mucous evikela ingxenye emhlophe yeso lakho.

Empeleni lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza wamehlo (i-melanoma yamehlo). I-Melanoma iqala lapho amangqamuzana abizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocyte eqala ukukhula ngokungalawuleki . Lawa ma-melanocyte akhiqiza umbala obizwa ngokuthi i-melanin onikeza isikhumba sethu, izinwele, namehlo umbala wawo. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-melanoma yesikhumba, futhi yilokho okuyikho. Kodwa lokhu kungenye yezimbangela zamehlo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi singasongela impilo .

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, i-conjunctival melanoma ingumdlavuza ongavamile kakhulu . Ibanga u-2% kuphela wazo zonke izimila zamehlo. Ibanga no-0.25%, noma cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezine, yazo zonke izimila zamehlo. Kodwa-ke, kuthiwa inani lamacala liye landa kancane eminyakeni yamuva.

Emazweni aseNtshonalanga, ukwenzeka kwalesi sifo kuphakathi kuka-0.2 no-0.5 kubantu abayisigidi ngonyaka. Kuvame kakhulu ukwenzeka kubantu abamhlophe abangewona amaHispanic. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka nakubantu base-Asia, abamnyama, kanye namaHispanic. Akuvamile kakhulu ezinganeni .

Enye into, le melanoma ye-conjunctival ayilona uhlobo lomdlavuza wamehlo njenge-'retinoblastoma' noma i-'intraocular melanoma'. I-'Intraocular melanoma' yileyo eyenzeka engxenyeni ephakathi yeso ('uvea'), futhi uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu oluvela esweni. I-'Retinoblastoma' yileyo eyenzeka e - retina, engemuva kweso.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala ze-melanoma yeso. Kodwa-ke, uma uba nezimpawu ze-conjunctival melanoma, zingase zihlanganise:

• Imvukuzane enombala ngaphakathi kweso . Ngezinye izikhathi le mvukuzane ingase ingabi nombala. Kuleso simo, ibizwa ngokuthi i-`amelanotic Conjunctival Melanoma` . I-`Amelanotic` isho i-`melanin` engenawo.
• Le ndawo ingaba yisicaba njengediski noma iphakanyiswe njengeqhubu (`nodular`).
• Lokhu kusesweni elilodwa kuphela (`elihlangothini elilodwa`).

Iyini imbangela yalokhu?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-conjunctival melanoma ayivamile, abacwaningi abakaqiniseki ukuthi yini ngempela eyibangela . Izakhi zofuzo zingadlala indima, kodwa azithelelani noma azisabalali kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye.

Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezimbili ezihlotshaniswa ngokusobala nokukhula kwe-conjunctival melanoma. Lezi yizi:

• (`I-Primary Acquired Melanosis` – I-PAM): Yilapho ukhula khona amabala amakhulu kuno-1 mm, futhi angaba nombala, ayengekho lapho uzalwa. Lesi simo se-`PAM` singavela ngamaseli angajwayelekile noma angenawo.
• I-Conjunctival nevi: Lokhu yilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi ama-birthmarks, ama-moles noma ama-freckles.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinto eziyingozi?

Kunezici eziningana ezibangela ingozi ezibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-melanoma yeso ngokujwayelekile:

• Ukuba namehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma aluhlaza.Abantu abanamehlo anombala okhanyayo banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-melanoma esweni kunalabo abanamehlo ansundu.
• Ukuba mhlophe. Abantu abamhlophe banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-melanoma yeso kunabantu bezinye izizwe.
• Ukuguga. Le ngozi iyanda njengoba ukhula.

Ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet nakho kungaba yisici esiyingozi.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Uma ingelashwa, i-melanoma ingabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono ngisho nokufa .

Ukubona kanjani lokhu?

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwamehlo (udokotela wamehlo) angathola i-conjunctival melanoma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Uma bekusola, bangase bacele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound (`I-Ultrasonography`).
• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Lolu uhlobo lokuhlola olusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-laser ukukala ubukhulu be-conjunctiva.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy.

Uma uchwepheshe wamehlo akho ecabanga ukuthi le melanoma ye-conjunctival kungenzeka ukuthi isakazeke (yasakazeka) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi .
• Ezinye izivivinyo zokuthwebula izithombe ezifana ne-'PET scan', i- 'CT scan' ('Computed Tomography scan'), noma i- 'MRI scan' ('Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan').

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe futhi akusize ukhethe ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwesimo sakho. Ukwelashwa kungafaka noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukususwa kwesilonda ngokuhlinzwa.
• Ukwelashwa nge-cryotherapy (ukwelashwa kusetshenziswa umkhuhlane omkhulu).
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye ne-chemotherapy yangaphandle kuyizindlela zokwelapha ezisizayo kuphela (okungukuthi, hhayi ukwelashwa kokuqala). Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungafaka phakathi i-brachytherapy kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi noma izinkinga zokwelashwa?

Izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuhlinzwa kwe-conjunctival melanoma zifaka:

• Ukusha kwe-cornea yakho.
• Ukutheleleka.
• Ukubona okuphindwe kabili (`Diplopia`).

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-cryotherapy:

• Umonakalo wesikhashana noma unomphela ezingxenyeni zeso lakho, ngisho ne-cornea.
• I-Iritis (ukuvuvukala kwe-iris yakho).

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-chemotherapy yangaphandle:

• Ukuklebhula.
• Ukucasuka kwamehlo.
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo.
• I-Blepharospasm (ukudikiza kwejwabu leso).
• Ukulimala kwe-cornea.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokwelashwa ngemisebe:

• Amehlo omile.
• Ukuklwebheka kwe-cornea okwesikhashana.
• Ukulahlekelwa izinkophe.
• Ama-cataract agxile.

Uma lokhu kwelashwa kungaphumeleli, udokotela wakho kungadingeka asuse iso elithintekile .

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Ukuthi uzizwa ungcono ngokushesha kangakanani kuncike ohlotsheni lokwelashwa olutholayo . Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngalokhu lapho ekhetha ukwelashwa okufanele wena.

Ingabe i-conjunctival melanoma ingavinjelwa?

Akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ngokuphelele i-conjunctival melanoma, kodwa ungenza izinto ezithile ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho.

Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi?

Unganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-conjunctival melanoma ngokugqoka izibuko zelanga nezigqoko ezinhle , ikakhulukazi uma kunelanga ngaphandle. Lokhu kuzokusiza ekuvikeleni emisebeni ye-UV. Kungaba ngumqondo omuhle futhi ukunciphisa ukuchayeka kwakho elangeni.

Yini engingayilindela uma ngine-conjunctival melanoma?

Uma une-conjunctival melanoma, uma yelashwa, amathuba okusinda amahle . Kodwa-ke, ungase ulahlekelwe umbono. Uma i-conjunctival melanoma isakazeka (i-metastasizes), okungukuthi, ithuthela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka, kungenzeka ukuthi isakazekele emaphashini akho nasema-lymph node .

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze uzinakekele:

• Hlela futhi ube khona kuma-aphoyintimenti nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngesikhathi.
• Ukudla kahle.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka.
• Funda futhi ufinyelele izinsizakalo zabantu abangaboni kahle nabangaboni kahle.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Uma ubona noma yini entsha noma ekhathazayo ngempilo yakho noma umbono wakho ngaphandle kwezikhathi zakho ezijwayelekile zokubonana, bona udokotela ngokushesha .

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-conjunctival nevus kanye ne-conjunctival melanoma?

I-conjunctival nevus iyisimila esingenawo umdlavuza (esingesihle) ku-conjunctiva yakho. Ngamagama angewona awokwelapha, i-nevus ibizwa nangokuthi i-mole, i-birthmark, noma uphawu lobuhle. I-nevus ayiwona umdlavuza, kodwa kunezimo lapho i-conjunctival nevus ingaba umdlavuza, okuthiwa i-conjunctival melanoma .

Uma ubona indawo entsha, ukuqina, noma ukuba mandundu kwendawo esele ikhona engxenyeni emhlophe yeso lakho, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela wamehlo . Ukuzwa ukuthi ungase ube ne-conjunctival melanoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza, kungaba yinhlanganisela yemizwa. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu (isibikezelo).

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kahle lokho esikhulume ngakho, i-conjunctival melanoma. Iso liyisitho esibucayi kakhulu . Ngakho-ke, uma ubona ushintsho oluncane noma into engavamile esweni lakho, ungalushayi indiva. Ikakhulukazi, qaphela amabala amasha, amabala amnyama, kanye namaqhubu. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni ezinjalo . Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Uma unezinkinga, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.