Ingabe i-COVID-19 ithinte amaphaphu akho? (Umonakalo wamaphaphu we-COVID-19) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe!

Uyakhumbula ukuthi i-COVID-19 yathatha nini umhlaba? Ngaleso sikhathi, sonke sabamba umoya wethu ngokwesaba. Ngakho-ke, lapho leli gciwane le-COVID-19 lingena emizimbeni yethu, lingalimaza amaphaphu ethu ikakhulukazi. Kwabanye abantu, lingabangela i-pneumonia enzima noma ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula . Kwabanye, ngisho nangemva kokuba sebelulame, bangase babe nenkinga yokuphefumula futhi bazizwe bekhathele isikhashana.

Uyini umonakalo emaphashini obangelwe yi-COVID-19?

Kalula nje, i-COVID-19 iyisifo esithinta uhlelo lokuphefumula. Lapho leli gciwane lingena emaphashini ethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu luqala ukulwa nalo. Kulokhu kulwa, ukuvuvukala kwenzeka ngaphakathi emaphashini. Uma lokhu kuvuvukala kungalawulwa, kungalimaza namaseli ethu amaphaphu aphilile. Kufana nempi, lapho silwa nesitha, ngezinye izikhathi uhlangothi lwethu luyalimala.

Ngokuvamile, izifo zokuphefumula ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane zingathinta amaphaphu ngezinga elithile. Kodwa lapho i-COVID-19 iqala ukusabalala, odokotela baqaphela ukuthi ingaba nzima kakhulu ngokushesha futhi ibangele umonakalo omkhulu emaphashini. Olunye ulwazi lubonisa ukuthi uhlobo lwamanje, i-Omicron, lungase luthinte kakhulu indlela yokuphefumula ephezulu (impumulo nomphimbo) kunendlela yangaphambilini. Kodwa-ke, lungalimaza amaphaphu futhi lubangele izinkinga ezinkulu.

Ziyini izimpawu zokulimala kwamaphaphu e-COVID-19?

Uma une-COVID-19, izimpawu zezimo ezibangelwa ukulimala kwamaphaphu zingafaka:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphelelwa umoya .
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu.
• Ukuba nomkhuhlane .
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, izindebe, noma izinzipho kube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okumpunga (i-cyanosis) . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho igazi lingatholi umoya-mpilo owanele.
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo, okukhandlekayo.
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ukuqina esifubeni .

Kodwa-ke, uma unomonakalo wamaphaphu isikhathi eside ngemuva kokululama ku -COVID-19 , ungase ungabi nazo izimpawu. Noma ungase uzizwe uphelelwa umoya noma ukhathele kalula, ngisho noma usebenza kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingase zimbi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kungani i-COVID-19 ilimaza amaphaphu?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi amasosha omzimba ethu asabela ngokweqile . Cabanga nje, amangqamuzana ethu omzimba aya endaweni lapho igciwane lifike khona futhi alilwe nalo. Kuhle lokho. Kodwa, uma lokhu kulwa kungalawuleki, okungukuthi, uma amasosha omzimba esebenza ngokweqile, kungalimaza nezicubu ezinempilo.

Lapho izindonga zamasaka amancane omoya emaphashini ethu (esiwabiza ngokuthi ama-alveoli ) onakala futhi ebuthakathaka, ziqala ukugcwala uketshezi. Ngemuva kwalokho umoya awukwazi ukungena, futhi umoya-mpilo awukwazi ukungena egazini noma emzimbeni wonke.

Lokhu kuvuvukala kungabangela namaqhubu emaphashini noma izibazi emaphashini. Lokhu kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuphola futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungaba unomphela.

Lolu hlobo lomonakalo lungenzeka kwezinye izifo zokuphefumula, kodwa kubonakala sengathi lungaba lukhulu kakhulu ku-COVID-19. Lokhu kungaba ngoba igciwane lisabela ngokweqile ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba, okubangela iziphepho ze-cytokine , isibonelo. Noma kungaba ngoba igciwane lisebenzisa amangqamuzana ethu okuzivikela omzimba ukuhlasela amaphaphu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokulimala kwamaphaphu ngenxa ye-COVID-19?

Uma unesinye sezimo ezilandelayo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube ne-COVID-19 embi futhi ulimaze amaphaphu akho:

• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala.
• Uma ukhulelwe .
• Uma ubhema noma uke wabhema esikhathini esidlule.
• Uma uke wafakelwa isitho noma wafakelwa i-stem cell .
• Uma ungakayithathi imithi yokugomela i-COVID-19.
• Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka - lokhu kungabangelwa yizimo ezinjengomdlavuza, imithi ethile, ukutheleleka nge-HIV, noma ukuntuleka kwamasosha omzimba okuyinhloko .

Futhi, uma unezinye zezimo zempilo ezilandelayo, ingozi yakho inganda:

• Umdlavuza.
• Izifo noma izimo zamaphaphu zesikhathi eside ezithinta amaphaphu, isibonelo, i-asthma, i-COPD (Isifo Esingapheli Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu) , kanye ne-cystic fibrosis .
• Izimo ezithinta inhliziyo, izinso, isibindi, igazi, noma ubuchopho.
• Izimo zokuzalwa, isibonelo , i-cerebral palsy noma i-Down syndrome .
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus).
• Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokulimala kwamaphaphu e-COVID-19?

Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yi-COVID-19 kanye nezinye izifo kungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nalezi:

• I-pneumonia: Lokhu ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu. Kulokhu, amasaka omoya agcwala uketshezi.
• I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS):Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Kulokhu, amasaka amaningi omoya emaphashini akho agcwala uketshezi, okuvimbela umoya-mpilo ukuthi ungangeni egazini lakho.
• Amaqhubu emaphashini: Amaqhubu angase ahlale emaphashini ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwa ukuvuvukala.
• I-pulmonary fibrosis: Izindawo ezilimele zamaphaphu zingaba nezibazi. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuzibazi kungaqhubeka nokukhula ngisho nangemva kokuba usululame ekuthelelekeni.
• I-COVID Ende: Abanye abantu bangase baqhubeke nokuba nezimpawu izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ngemva kokuthola i-COVID-19.

Ungayithola kanjani ingozi emaphashini e-COVID-19?

Udokotela uzobheka umonakalo wamaphaphu esebenzisa izivivinyo zezithombe (isib. i-X-ray, i-CT scan) noma i-bronchoscopy (ithubhu elincane elinekhamera efakwe emaphashini ukuze abheke ngaphakathi). Bazosebenzisa nezinye izivivinyo ukuthola izifo, njenge-pneumonia.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?

Odokotela bangenza izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuhlola isimo samaphaphu nokuthola izifo:

• I-nasal swab: Kuthathwa isampula ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho noma emphinjeni kusetshenziswa i-cotton swab ukuhlola i-COVID-19 namanye amagciwane.
• I-pulse oximetry: Idivayisi encane ebekwe emunweni wakho ilinganisa inani lomoya-mpilo egazini lakho. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani.
• Izithombe: Kwenziwa i -X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan ukuze kuthathwe izithombe zamaphaphu ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kusiza ekuhloleni izifo nokuhlola impilo yakho jikelele.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhwehlela: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula ye-mucus ephumayo uma ukhwehlela bese uhlola ukuthi ayinaso yini isifo.
• Ukukhuliswa koketshezi lwe-Pleural: Kulolu vivinyo, udokotela usebenzisa inalithi encane ukuthatha inani elincane loketshezi oluzungeze amaphaphu akho ukuze ahlole ukutheleleka.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegesi yegazi lemithambo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvumela odokotela ukuthi babone ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani.
• I-Bronchoscopy: I-bronchoscope ingasetshenziswa ukubheka amaphaphu nokuthatha amasampula ezicubu noma uketshezi ukuze ithunyelwe elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe.

Ukwelashwa kanjani umonakalo wamaphaphu we-COVID-19?

Akukho okuningi ongakwenza ukulungisa amaphaphu akho ngokuphelele ngemva kokuba ewonakele. Kodwa, odokotela bangakusiza ukuthi uthole umoya-mpilo owudingayo. Uma une-pneumonia noma i-ARDS evela ku-COVID-19, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelashwa okulandelayo:

• I-oxygen eyengeziwe:Amaphaphu akho ayasebenza, kodwa uma ungatholi umoya-mpilo owanele, uzonikezwa umoya-mpilo owengeziwe ngepayipi elifakwe ekhaleni lakho noma imaski ebekwe ebusweni bakho.
• Uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (uketshezi lwe-IV): Uketshezi olwengeziwe lunikezwa nge-IV ukuze kuvinjelwe umzimba ukuthi ungabi namanzi emzimbeni.
• Umoya wokungenisa umoya ngomshini: Uma ungakwazi ukuphefumula wedwa, uzoxhunywa kumshini wokungenisa umoya.
• Ukuziphakamisa: Ukuze usize amaphaphu akho asebenze kahle, ujikiswa esiswini sakho amahora ambalwa ngosuku.
• Ukuphefumula Kwegazi Ngaphandle Komzimba (i-ECMO): Uma izitho zakho zomzimba zingasebenzi kahle, ungase uxhunywe emshinini osindisa impilo owenza umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho.
• Ukukhipha uketshezi: Ukuze unciphise uketshezi emaphashini akho, udokotela angase asebenzise i-catheter noma ukuhlinzwa ukuze asuse uketshezi.

Odokotela bangase futhi banikeze imithi efana nale ukusiza ekulweni nokutheleleka:

• Imithi yokulwa namagciwane: Imithi efana ne -Remdesivir noma i-Paxlovid™ ingasiza ekulweni nokutheleleka kwe-COVID-19.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Odokotela bangase basebenzise ama-steroid noma eminye imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala ukuze banciphise ukuvuvukala.
• Ama-antibodies e-Monoclonal: Ukwelashwa kwama-antibody e-Monoclonal, njenge- tocilizumab, kunganciphisa noma kuvimbele ukuvuvukala.
• Ama-antibiotic: Uma unegciwane elibangelwa yi-COVID-19, udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-antibiotic.

Ukufakelwa amaphaphu akuvamile ukwenziwa kubantu abanomonakalo omkhulu wamaphaphu wesikhathi eside ngenxa ye-COVID-19. Futhi, uma izibazi zamaphaphu (i-pulmonary fibrosis) ziqhubeka nokuba zimbi kakhulu, kunemithi ethile engayinciphisa.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma nginomonakalo emaphashini e-COVID-19?

Uma uthola i-pneumonia noma i-ARDS ngenxa ye-COVID-19, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela ukuze odokotela bakusize uphefumule kuze kube yilapho umzimba wakho ululama egciwaneni.

Izibazi emaphashini zingahlala isikhathi eside noma zingapheli. Kwezinye izimo, izibazi ezibangelwa ukutheleleka zingaqhubeka ziba zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokuba ezinye izimpawu zakho seziphelile.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-COVID-19, buza udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu mayelana nokuthatha imithi yokulwa namagciwane. Isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ithathwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu zokuqala izimpawu ziqalile.

Uma usenokuphelelwa umoya, ukukhathala, noma ezinye izimpawu, khuluma nodokotela wakho. I-COVID ende ingakusiza uzizwe ungcono.Kukhona nemitholampilo.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Uma une-COVID-19 futhi unalezi zimpawu ezibucayi, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha, noma ushayele u-1990 (noma inombolo yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo yendawo):

• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ukudideka.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhlala uphapheme.
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, izindebe, noma izinzipho kube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Kungaba usizo ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe kukhona izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo kimi?
• Ingabe lokhu kungaphola ngokwakho?
• Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani?

Ingabe umonakalo wamaphaphu e-COVID-19 ungavinjelwa?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukulimala kwamaphaphu ukugwema ukuthola ukutheleleka. Ungenza okulandelayo ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-COVID-19 embi:

• Goma: Ukugoma i-COVID-19 nezinye izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kunganciphisa ingozi yokugula noma ukugula kakhulu.
• Ukuyeka ukubhema nokugwema ukubhema okubhenywa ngabanye abantu: Ukubhema kulimaza amaphaphu akho, okusho ukuthi unamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo ezingaholela ezimweni ezifana ne-pneumonia.
• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi ngaphambi kokudla, ukuphatha ukudla, nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Uma insipho ingekho, sebenzisa isihlanzi sezandla esinotshwala.
• Gwema ukusondelana nabanye nokwabelana ngezinto .
• Phatha noma yiziphi ezinye izimo zempilo onazo, njengoba zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-COVID-19 ibe yimbi kakhulu.

Uma ugula, ukuthatha imithi yokulwa namagciwane ezinsukwini ezinhlanu zokuqala zezimpawu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukugula ukuthi kungabhebhetheki.

Khumbula, ukuvuvukala kuyindlela amasosha omzimba wakho ayisebenzisayo ukukuvikela. Kodwa uma kuphuma ekulawuleni, kungabangela umonakalo, njengomonakalo wamaphaphu obangelwe yi-COVID-19. Akekho ongasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ubani ozogula kakhulu nokuthi ubani ozoba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

I-COVID-19 ayiwona umdlalo, bangani bami. Ingathinta amaphaphu ethu ngezindlela ezingalindelekile. Ngakho-ke, hlala uphephile ngangokunokwenzeka. Goma, landela iziqondiso zezempilo. Uma unezimpawu, ungazinaki. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ikakhulukazi uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu besifuba, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.

Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nomonakalo wamaphaphu e-COVID-19, khuluma nodokotela. Bangachaza ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani ingozi yakho futhi welaphe izimpawu zakho. Masihlale siphilile sonke!

I- COVID-19, Umonakalo wamaphaphu, Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula, I-Pneumonia, I-ARDS, I-COVID Ende, Ukwelashwa kwe-COVID