Wake wazibuza ukuthi sizikhumbula kanjani izinto, sifunda izinto ezintsha, futhi sithole indlela yethu? Konke lokhu kusizwa yingxenye encane, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yobuchopho bethu. Leyo ngxenye ibizwa ngokuthi i-hippocampus . Igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile, kodwa umsebenzi eliwenzayo ngaphakathi kobuchopho bethu mkhulu futhi uyigugu kakhulu. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale hippocampus emangalisayo.

Kwenzekani ngempela ku-hippocampus?

Kalula nje, i-hippocampus idlala indima ebalulekile ekufundeni nasekukhumbuleni kwethu. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekile ezenzayo:

• Ukufunda: Uma ufunda okuthile okusha, ulwazi luqala luye ku-hippocampus. Yingxenye yobuchopho eyisebenzisayo, iyenze iqondakale, futhi isize ukuyithumela kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho bethu.
• Inkumbulo yesikhathi esifushane kanye nenkumbulo yesikhathi eside: Zicabange uhlangana nomngane omusha. Ukhumbula igama lakhe kanye nokuthile akushilo ngesikhathi esifushane ngenxa yenkumbulo yesikhathi esifushane ye-hippocampus. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-hippocampus ithatha le nkumbulo, inqume ukuthi, "Kulungile, lokhu kubalulekile," bese iyigcina kwezinye izindawo ezifanele ebuchosheni bethu njengenkumbulo yesikhathi eside . Kufana nokuthatha incwadi uyifake uma ibalulekile.
• Inkumbulo ebonakalayo nendawo: Yilokhu okukusiza ukhumbule ukuthi isitolo sikuphi, ukuthi ungafika kanjani ekhaya, nokuthi izinto zihlelwa kanjani ekamelweni uma uhamba emgwaqweni. Kuphinde kukhumbule ukuthi uhlobana kanjani nezinto ezikuzungezile.
• Inkumbulo yamazwi: I-hippocampus yiyo esisiza sikhumbule amagama aqondile esiwadingayo lapho sikhuluma, ngaphandle kokuzibuza ukuthi, "O, liyini lelo gama?"
• Inkumbulo echazayo noma ecacile: Ukhumbula izinto ezifana nezenzakalo empilweni yakho, izifundo ozifundile, namaqiniso ngosizo lwe-hippocampus.

I-hippocampus isebenza kanjani nezinye izingxenye zobuchopho?

I-hippocampus ayisebenzi yodwa. Iyingxenye yeqembu lezingxenye zobuchopho bethu elibizwa ngokuthi i- Limbic System . Leli qembu lilawula imizwa yethu, izinkumbulo, umuzwa wokuhogela, kanye nezinye izindlela zokuziphatha ezizimele esingazi ukuthi sinazo, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo yethu, ukuphefumula, kanye nokujuluka.

I-hippocampus isebenza eduze nabangani bayo ohlelweni lwe-limbic , i-amygdala kanye ne-hypothalamus . Imizwa ihlotshaniswa kakhulu ne-amygdala nezinkumbulo.

Cabanga ngalokhu. Uhamba emgwaqweni bese ubona inja enhle kakhulu, ethandeka. Inyakazisa umsila wayo, ize kuwe, bese ikhotha isandla sakho. Uzizwa ujabule kakhulu futhi unothando. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi i-hippocampus yakho kanye ne-amygdala yakho basebenzisana ukuhlanganisa lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho - inja, umuzwa wenjabulo owawuzwa - futhi bakugcine konke ndawonye njengenkumbulo ebuchosheni bakho. Ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho ubona inja, leyo nkumbulo endala iyavela, futhi ungabheka leso silwane ngaphandle kokwesaba, ngenjabulo.

Kodwa, ake ucabange ukuthi inja yokuqala owayibona yakhonkotha yazama ukukugxumela, wazizwa wesaba. Ngisho nalapho, i-hippocampus nabanye abangane bayo bayahlangana futhi bagcina leyo nkumbulo eyesabekayo. Ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho ubona inja, ikukhumbuza ukuthi, "Kungaba nengozi! Qaphela!" Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi 'impendulo yokulwa noma yokubaleka' . Okusho ukuthi, i-hippocampus isisiza ukukhumbula izinto ezinhle kanye nezinto eziyingozi.

Ikuphi i-hippocampus? Ibukeka kanjani?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-hippocampi ngaphakathi kwamakhanda ethu, eduze kwezindlebe zethu, ku-lobe yesikhashana. Yebo, hhayi eyodwa, kodwa ezimbili! Enye ngakwesobunxele sobuchopho, enye ngakwesokudla.

Ngokubukeka, i-hippocampus ifana nehhashi lasolwandle . Inesimo esincane, esigobile njengohlamvu 'S'. Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-hippocampus', elivela egameni lesiGreki lasendulo elisho "ihhashi lasolwandle." Lingamasentimitha angu-5 ubude, futhi lakhiwe ngamaseli amaningi abekwe phezu komunye nomunye.

Iyini i-Hippocampal Formation?

I-hippocampus ayiyodwa, kunezinye izingxenye eziningi ezincane eziyisizayo. Sisonke, sizibiza ngokuthi 'i-Hippocampal Formation' . Nazi ezinye zezingxenye zayo eziyinhloko kanye nemisebenzi yazo:

• I-Dentate gyrus: Lena yingxenye ephatha izinkumbulo zendawo, isisiza sakhe izinkumbulo ezintsha, futhi isisize senze izinqumo.
• I-Hippocampus efanele (i-Cornu Ammonis): Lena yingxenye eyinhloko ye-hippocampus. Inesibopho sokwakha, ukuhlela, nokugcina izinkumbulo. Inezinye izifunda ezine , i-CA1, i-CA2, i-CA3, kanye ne-CA4, ukuze iyisize.
• I-Subiculum: Lokhu kuthatha ulwazi oluvela ku-hippocampus bese kuthumela imiyalezo kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusiza ekutholeni nasekusebenziseni izinkumbulo.
• I-Entorhinal cortex: Lokhu kufana nesango eliyinhloko lolwazi oluya nokubuya ku-hippocampus. Ulwazi lungena futhi luphume ku-hippocampus ngalokhu.

Kwenzekani uma i-hippocampus yonakele?

Cabanga ukuthi bekuzokwenzekani uma i-hippocampus, eyenza umsebenzi obaluleke kangaka, ibingabhekana nengozi, ukugula, noma okunye ukulimala kobuchopho? Khona-ke izinqubo esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili, njengokwakha izinkumbulo, ukukhumbula izinto, nokucubungula amagama, izinsuku, izindawo, nemicimbi, zingaphazamiseka kakhulu.

Nazi ezinye izimo ezivamile ezingalimaza i-hippocampus:

• Isifo sika -Alzheimer
• Ukukhohlwa (ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo)
• Isifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo
• I-Encephalitis (ukuvuvukala kobuchopho)
• Isifo Sokuxhuzula
• I-Hypoxia (lokhu kuwukuntuleka kokunikezwa komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni)
• Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokucindezeleka (PTSD)
I-Schizophrenia

Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa njengoba siguga , ubukhulu kanye nomsebenzi we-hippocampus nakho kwehla kancane. Lokho kuvamile. Ngakho-ke njengoba siguga, inkumbulo yethu ingase ibe buthaka kancane, futhi singase singakwazi ukukhumbula izinto ngokushesha njengoba sasivame ukwenza.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zezinkinga ezihlobene ne-hippocampus?

Umuntu onenkinga nge-hippocampus angase abonise izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo: Ubunzima bokukhumbula izinto, ikakhulukazi ezintsha.
• Ukushintsha kwesimo sengqondo: Ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile, udabuke, noma uthukuthele njalo.
• Ukuquleka : Kwezinye izimo, lesi simo singase senzeke.

Futhi, lezi zinto zingabangela izinkinga:

• Ubunzima bokuqhuba ingxoxo ngendlela efanele.
• Ubunzima bokwenza izinqumo.
• Ubunzima bokulandela imiyalelo.
• Ukungakwazi ukuthola indlela yakho ngisho nasezindaweni ozaziyo.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yokuthi izinto ezisetshenziswa njalo njengezihluthulelo nezibuko zikuphi.
• Angikhumbuli impendulo yombuzo engawubuza esikhathini esidlule.
• Ukungakwazi ukwakha izinkumbulo ezintsha.

Kodwa nansi into ebalulekile. Esikhathini esiningi, lapho i-hippocampus yonakele, ithinta kakhulu inkumbulo yesikhathi esifushane . Inkumbulo yethu yesikhathi eside ayigcinwa ku-hippocampus, kodwa kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Yingakho abanye abantu abanezimo ezifana nesifo i- Alzheimer , osibonile, bengakhumbula izinto ezenzeke kudala, izenzakalo zasebuntwaneni babo, kodwa abakwazi ukukhumbula igama lomuntu abahlangana naye esikhathini esifushane esidlule noma lokho abakudlile kwasekuseni.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi i-hippocampus yakho yonakele?

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukungesabi bese ubona udokotela. Udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi angenza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological
• Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo
• Ukuskena kwe-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• I-Positron Emission Tomography (i-PET scan)
• I-computerized tomography (CT) scan

Udokotela angase futhi anqume ukwenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuze anqume ukuthi azikho yini ezinye izimo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izimo ezihlobene ne-hippocampus?

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe ezimbangela zezimpawu zakho kanye nokungakhululeki okutholayo. Akuwona wonke umuntu ozothola ukwelashwa okufanayo. Ukwelashwa okuvamile kufaka phakathi:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi: Lawula izimpawu noma welaphe imbangela yesifo.
• Ukwelapha Ngengqondo: Ukwelapha Ngengqondo , ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBT), kungasiza ngezinkinga zenkumbulo nokuziphatha.
• Ukuzivocavoca kwengqondo noma ukuvuselelwa: Imisebenzi ehlukahlukene esiza ekuthuthukiseni izinto ezifana nenkumbulo nokunaka.

Udokotela uzoxoxa nawe ngokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwesimo sakho.

Ngingayiqinisa kanjani i-hippocampus yami?

I-hippocampus iyingxenye yesakhiwo esikhulu ebuchosheni bethu. Ngakho-ke, ukugcina impilo yethu iyonke isesimweni esihle kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina ubuchopho bethu buphilile. Ungavikela ubuchopho bakho futhi uqinise i-hippocampus ngokwenza lezi zinto:

• Gcina ezinye izimo zakho zezempilo (isib. isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme) zilawulwa kahle.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo. Ukuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku nakho kuhle.
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uthole izindlela zokukulawula.
• Lala kahle okungenani amahora angu-7-8 ngosuku.
• Funda izinto ezintsha njalo. Kungaba yinoma yini, njengolimi olusha, insimbi yomculo, noma isihloko esisha. Lokhu kugcina ubuchopho busebenza.

Futhi, ungenza lezi zinto ukuze uthuthukise impilo yobuchopho bakho:

• Ukukhuluma nabanye, ukuchitha isikhathi nabangani (ukuba nobudlelwano nabantu).
• Ukuqala umdlalo omusha noma ukuvuselela omdala.
• Ukufunda izincwadi.
• Ukulalela izingoma, ukulalela umculo.

Udokotela wakho angahlola impilo yakho iyonke futhi akunike izeluleko ezinhle ezengeziwe zokuthuthukisa impilo yobuchopho bakho.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka siyikhumbule ukuthi

Ngakho-ke, cishe usuyaqonda manje ukuthi i-hippocampus iyingxenye encane kodwa enamandla kakhulu futhi ebalulekile yobuchopho bethu. Isisiza sifunde, sikhumbule izinto, futhi sizivumelanise nendawo esikuyo. Isebenza njalo ukuze ifunde futhi iphendule endaweni esikuyo. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-hippocampus inamathuba amaningi okulimala ngenxa yesifo noma ingozi ethile.

Ukuhlala wedwa kungaba nzima kakhulu kumuntu onesifo esithinta ukusebenza kwe-hippocampus. Bangase bakhohlwe ukuphuza imithi yabo, bakhohlwe ukwenza imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke, bakhohlwe ukucima isitofu lapho bephuma endlini, noma balahleke endleleni ngenkathi beshayela. Lezi zinto zingaba yingozi kuwe nakwabanye. Ngakho-ke, kunezikhathi lapho umuntu onesifo esithinta le ngxenye yobuchopho angadinga khona umuntu ozomnakekela amahora angama-24 ngosuku.

Uma ungumnakekeli womuntu onezinkinga zokukhumbula ezinjengalezi, ungase uzizwe sengathi uthatha umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu. Kungaba nzima ukuba nomuntu omthandayo ongamazi noma ongakhumbuli ukuthi kungani udinga usizo. Uma udinga usizo ngempilo yakho yengqondo, noma uma udinga usizo lokunakekela umuntu omthandayo onezinkinga zokukhumbula, ungabi namahloni noma wesabe ukukhuluma nodokotela noma umuntu omethembayo. Awuwedwa.

Ngakho-ke, i-hippocampus iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yethu. Masizame sonke ukuyigcina iphilile.

I- Hippocampus, ubuchopho, inkumbulo, ukufunda, uhlelo lwe-limbic, isifo se-Alzheimer, i-neuroscience