Ingabe kukhona inkinga ngamaseli akho amhlophe egazi? Ake sifunde nge-Histiocytosis ngamagama alula!

Ubuwazi ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi izinhlobo ezithile zamaseli emizimbeni yethu ziqala ukuziphatha ngendlela ehlukile? Esinye isimo esingavamile esinjalo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Histiocytosis. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kuyesabisa kancane kuwe, kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula nangendlela enengqondo.

Kuyini i-Histiocytosis? Kalula nje...

Umzimba wakho unohlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi abizwa ngokuthi ama-histiocytes. Phakathi kwalawo maseli amhlophe egazi, kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile lwamaseli abizwa ngokuthi ama-histiocytes . Lawa afana nonogada bomzimba wethu. Yiwo alwa namagciwane abangela izifo abizwa ngokuthi ama-pathogens - amagciwane , amabhaktheriya , kanye nesikhunta - futhi asiza ukugcina amasosha ethu omzimba ephilile.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi la maseli e-histiocyte aqala ukukhula ngendlela engavamile, okungukuthi, aba "yi- mutant " . Bese, la maseli e-histiocyte angavamile akhula ngokweqile futhi aqongeleleke ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Uma eqongeleleka ngokweqile, amasosha omzimba wethu angaba nezinkinga. Into eyinhloko ukuthi ukuvuvukala , okungukuthi, isimo esifana nokuvuvukala, kwenzeka ezicutshini zomzimba. Lokhu kuvuvukala ngezinye izikhathi kungalimaza izitho zethu zomzimba.

Lawa maseli e-histiocyte angajwayelekile anganqwabelana kuma -lymph node akho (abizwa nangokuthi ama-lymph node), isikhumba, amathambo, amaphaphu, isibindi, udende, noma kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi kuthinta ingxenye eyodwa yomzimba wakho. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'isimo sesistimu eyodwa' . Ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba wakho. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'isimo sesistimu eminingi' .

Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-histiocytosis ayiyona umdlavuza . Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ingaziphatha njengomdlavuza futhi ibonise izimpawu ezifana nomdlavuza. Yingakho kuyisimo esidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zalokhu ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi ubukhali besimo buyahlukahluka, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuthola i-histiocytosis ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-histiocytosis?

Manje cishe usuyaqonda ukuthi iyini i-histiocytosis. Empeleni kunezinhlobo zayo ezingaphezu kwe-100. Kodwa kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko esizibonayo futhi esikhuluma ngazo kaningi. Ake sizibheke.

1. I-histiocytosis yamaseli e-Langerhans (LCH):

• Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-histiocytosis.
• Lesi simo sivame ukuthinta izingane ezincane . Sithinta izingane eziphakathi kwezi-5 nezi-9 kwezigidi.
• Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu akukubi kangako, futhi kungaba lula njengokuthi "akubonakali izimpawu" . Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kwezinye izimo, lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu futhi kusongela nokuphila.

2. Isifo i-Erdheim-Chester (ECD):

• Lolu hlobo luthinta kakhulu abantu abadala .
• Lesi futhi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu .
• Njenge-LCH, i-ECD ingahluka kusukela kwencane kuya kwenzima futhi isongela impilo.

3. Isifo sikaRosai-Dorfman (RDD):

• Njenge-LCH, i-RDD ivame ukwenzeka ezinganeni , kodwa ingenzeka nakubantu abadala.
• Lokhu futhi akuvamile kakhulu. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili utholakala enalesi sifo.
• Uhlobo oluyinhloko lwalokhu yi -'classical RDD' . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ama-lymph node (izindlala) zakho evuvukala.
• Olunye uhlobo 'yi-extranodal RDD' . Kulokhu, izitho ngaphandle kwama-lymph node ziyathinteka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaseli e-histiocyte amaningi angaqongelela esikhumbeni, emathanjeni, noma kwezinye izindawo.

Kungavamile kangakanani lesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Histiocytosis?

Yebo, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, i-histiocytosis iyisifo esingavamile ngempela . Eqinisweni, izinhlobo zaso ezinolaka kakhulu, ezinomdlavuza zingaphansi kwe-1% yazo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezitholakala ezicutshini ezithambile kanye nama-lymph node. Ngakho ungacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungavamile kangakanani.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Histiocytosis?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziboniswa kulesi simo se-histiocytosis. Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kumuntu ngamunye . Isizathu salokhu ukuthi izitho nezicubu lapho amangqamuzana e-histiocyte amaningi eqongelela khona, njengoba ngishilo, kanye nobukhulu bomonakalo kulezo zicubu, kuyakuthinta lokhu.

Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ongase uzibone (futhi kungase kube nezinye):

• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba : Lokhu kungabonakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinoboya ekhanda lezingane ezincane (sizibiza ngokuthi 'i-cradle cap' ) noma endaweni ye-nappy.
• Imfiva .
• Ukukhathala, ukukhathala .
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukukhwehlela noma ukuphelelwa umoya .
• Ukwehlisa isisindo okungachazeki .
• Ubuhlungu bamathambo .
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele (yilokhu okushiwo ukuvuvukala).
• Ukushintsha kombono noma amehlo avuvukile .
• Ukuchama njalo kanye nokoma ngokweqile .
• Amaqhubu esikhumba (angabonakala ngisho nasezinkopheni).
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo noma ukukhumbula izinto .
• Izinkinga ngokulinganisela nokuxhumana .

Izimpawu zenzeka kanjani? Kuye ngokuthi ama-histiocyte aqoqana kuphi!

Lezi zimpawu zincike ekutheni amangqamuzana e-histiocyte aqoqana kuphi emzimbeni. Izindawo eziyinhloko zokuqongelela ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-histiocytosis.

Izindawo ezingathinteka ku-Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH):

• Ithambo
• Isikhumba
• Ama-lymph node (ukuvuvukala)
• Isibindi
• Ubende
• Umlomo
• Amaphaphu
• Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi (okungukuthi, ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla)

Izindawo ezingathinteka yisifo i-Erdheim-Chester (ECD):

• Amathambo amade (ikakhulukazi emilenzeni)
• Amehlo
• Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
• Amaphaphu
• Inhliziyo
• Imithambo yegazi
• Izinso
• Izitho ezingemuva kwesisu (sizibiza ngokuthi 'i-retroperitoneum' )

Izindawo ezingathinteka yisifo iRosai-Dorfman (RDD):

• Ama-lymph node (ikakhulukazi entanyeni, kodwa angavela nakwezinye izindawo)
• Isikhumba
• Izicubu ezithambile
• Indlela yokuphefumula ephezulu
• Ithambo
• I-Retroperitoneum (izitho ezingemuva kwesisu)
• Amehlo

Yini ebangela i-Histiocytosis?

Ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-histiocytosis, kodwa bathole ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ihlotshaniswa nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo .

Kalula nje, iseli ngalinye emzimbeni wethu linezakhi zofuzo, noma isethi yemiyalelo. Le miyalelo inquma ukuthi lawo maseli kufanele aziphathe kanjani. Ngakho-ke, lapho kwenzeka izinguquko kule miyalelo, ezibizwa ngokuthi izinguquko, amaseli aqala ukuziphatha ngendlela engavamile. Isibonelo, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kungabangela iseli elifana ne-histiocyte ukuba lizikopishe futhi liqale ukusabalala ngokungalawuleki.

Ukuhlonza lezi zinguquko zofuzo kuye kwavumela abacwaningi ukuthi bathuthukise izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha i-histiocytosis. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zisebenza ngokuvimbela izinguquko zamaseli eziyingozi ezivumela amaseli e-histiocyte ukuba akhule ngaphandle kokulawulwa.

Uyixilonga kanjani i-histiocytosis?

Uma usola ukuthi une-histiocytosis, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukuhlolela ngokomzimba bese ebuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzonquma ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele zenziwe ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho kanye nezitho zomzimba okucatshangwa ukuthi zithintekile yi-histiocytes eningi.

Nazi ezinye izivivinyo ongazenza:

• Izinqubo zokuthwebula izithombe :
• Udokotela wakho angase acele ukuskena okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-FDG PET/CT scan . Lokhu kungathola izinto ezifana nezimila emzimbeni wonke.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho , kungadingeka ukuhlolwa okufana ne-CT scan, i-MRI scan, i-bone scan, i-ultrasound scan, i-X-ray, noma i-echocardiogram (i-scan yenhliziyo).

• Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu :
• Udokotela wakho uzohlola amasampula oketshezi, njengegazi noma umchamo wakho, ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini izimpawu ze-histiocytosis.
• Inani lamaseli egazi lakho liyahlolwa. Baphinde babheke ama-hormone noma amaprotheni athile abonisa ukuthi izitho zakho zisebenza kanjani. Uma isitho singasebenzi kahle, kungabonisa ukuthi kune-histiocytes eziningi kakhulu kuleso sitho.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy `(i-Biopsy)` :
• Lokhu okwenziwayo ukuthi udokotela athathe isampula yezicubu bese eyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze abone ukuthi unayo yini i-histiocytosis.
• Iphinde ibheke izinguquko ezithile zofuzo ezihlobene ne-histiocytosis.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, uma i-biopsy ingenakwenzeka, izinto zofuzo ezisegazini lakho zingahlolwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-biopsy yoketshezi' .

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Histiocytosis?

Ukwelashwa kwe-histiocytosis kuncike ezintweni eziningi . Ngokuqondile:

• Izimpawu zakho zimbi kangakanani .
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unesilonda esisodwa noma eziningi (lezi yizindawo zezicubu ezingavamile).
• Lezi 'zilonda' zikuphi emzimbeni ?
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi la maqhubu anomdlavuza noma cha .

Odokotela banquma ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe kulezi zici. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha:

• Qaphela bese ulinda : Uma i-histiocytosis yakho ingekho embi kakhulu futhi ungenazo izimpawu ezinkulu, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uqaphele isimo sakho.
• UkuhlinzwaUma amaseli e-histiocyte eqoqene engxenyeni eyodwa yomzimba kuphela, ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukuze kususwe leyo ngxenye.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe : Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa umshini ukuqondisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu ezilonda. Le misebe ibulala amangqamuzana angavamile futhi inciphise ukukhula kwezimila. Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali (okubizwa nangokuthi 'i-chemo') : Lokhu kuhilela ukuthumela amakhemikhali egazini lakho ukuze abhubhise amangqamuzana e-histiocyte asele emzimbeni wakho. Odokotela batusa kuphela 'i-chemo' uma amangqamuzana e-histiocyte esakazeke emzimbeni wakho.
• Ama-Corticosteroids : Imithi efana ne -prednisone iwela kulesi sigaba. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala (ukuvuvukala) okuhambisana ne-histiocytosis. Le mithi inganikezwa yodwa noma ihlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njenge-chemotherapy.
• Ukwelashwa Ngezifo Ezingajwayelekile : Lokhu kusebenza ngokuqinisa amasosha omzimba wakho, kusize ukuthi aqaphele futhi abhubhise amangqamuzana ayingozi, njenge-histiocytes engavamile.
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe : Lokhu ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa izimo ze-histiocytosis ezihlobene nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile.

Ingabe i-Histiocytosis ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Kunzima ukuthi 'yebo' noma 'cha' kulokhu, ngoba kuncike esimweni. Abantu abaningi abane-histiocytosis bangena kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukukhululwa okuhlala isikhathi eside.' Okusho ukuthi, bahamba ngaphandle kwezimpawu noma izimpawu zesifo.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-histiocytosis, ikakhulukazi lapho ama-histiocytes esendaweni eyodwa emzimbeni, zingelapheka ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa . Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukuvakasha okulandelayo ukuze ahlole ukuthi aphinde abuye yini.

Kodwa-ke, uma uhlobo lwe-histiocytosis onalo lungelapheki ngokuphelele, udokotela wakho uzoncoma uhlelo lokwelashwa olungakusiza ukuphatha lesi simo.

Iyini iphrojekthi yalesi simo?

Ukubikezela kwesimo sakho kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Kwabanye abantu, i-histiocytosis iba ngcono ngokwayo ngaphandle kokwelashwa . Isibonelo, cishe abantu abangu-40% abane-RDD baba ngcono ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Futhi, lapho i-LCH ithinta ingxenye eyodwa yomzimba kuphela (esiyibiza ngokuthi 'i-localized LCH') , ivame ukuba ngcono ngokwayo.

Kodwa, kwezinye izimo, i-histiocytosis idinga ukwelashwa okujulile kanye nokubhekwa ngokucophelela, kokubili ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-histiocytosis ingabangela ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba futhi ibeke ngisho nempilo engozini .

Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho mayelana nokubikezela okuqondile mayelana nokuxilongwa kwakho.

Ingabe i-Histiocytosis ingavinjelwa? Ingozi ingancishiswa kanjani?

Eqinisweni, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela i-histiocytosis, kodwa ukwelashwa kungakusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho.

Kodwa kukhona into eyodwa. Ukuyeka ukubhema kunganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-LCH (Langerhans cell histiocytosis), umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukuyeka ukubhema noma ukuhlala ungabhemi nakho kungathuthukisa impendulo yakho ekwelashweni. Uma udinga usizo lokuyeka ukubhema, buza udokotela wakho ngezinhlelo zokudlulisela ukuyeka ukubhema.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma utholakale une-histiocytosis, kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho konke lokhu futhi uthole ukuqonda okuhle ngesimo sakho. Nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza:

• Uhlobo luni lwe-histiocytosis enginalo?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukwelashwa?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ozincomayo?
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engalindelwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
• Yimiphi imiphumela engaba khona yokwelashwa?
• Ingabe isimo sami singelapheka ngokuphelele?

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Kalula nje, i-histiocytosis yigama elinikezwa iqembu lezifo zegazi ezingavamile ezibangelwa ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-histiocytes, uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi, ezicutshini. Ezinye zalezi zingaba lula kakhulu, zingabangeli zimpawu, kanti ezinye zingaba zimbi ngokwanele ukuba zibe yingozi empilweni .

Wonke umuntu one-histiocytosis une-histiocytes eningi ezicutshini zakhe, okubangela ukuvuvukala (ukuvuvukala). Kodwa-ke, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, kanye nomphumela wesifo kungahluka kakhulu, ngisho naphakathi kwabantu abane-histiocytosis efanayo .

Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu wokuqonda ukuxilongwa kwakho kanye nezimo ezihlukile ezikuzungezile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele uhlelo lwakho lokuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa, ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho konke okusengqondweni yakho.

I- Histiocytosis, Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, Ama-Histiocytes, Isistimu yomzimba, i-LCH, i-ECD, i-RDD, Izimpawu, Ukwelashwa