Uyini umkhuhlane weLassa? Singazivikela kanjani?

Abanye bethu baya kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yomsebenzi, ukuhamba , noma ezinye izinjongo, akunjalo? Uma sikwenza lokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi sazi ezinye zezifo ezivame kakhulu kulawo mazwe. Ngoba uma sikwenza lokho singakwazi ukuzivikela. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesifo esisakazekayo, ikakhulukazi emazweni aseNtshonalanga Afrika. Lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Lassa Fever.

Iyini ngempela i-Lassa Fever?

Kalula nje, umkhuhlane we-Lassa uyisifo esibangelwa yigciwane . Leli gciwane lingena kakhulu emizimbeni yethu lisuka emagundwini . Lesi sifo saqala ukutholakala ngo-1969 edolobheni lase-"Lassa" eNigeria. Yingakho sabizwa ngokuthi "umkhuhlane we-Lassa".

Esikhathini esiningi, lesi sifo sibangela izimpawu ezivamile njengomkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba , kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, singaba sibi kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi singaholela ezimweni ezingathi sína njengokuphuma kwegazi ezinsinini kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula. Lokhu kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.

Sithola kanjani lesi sifo?

Igciwane le-Lassa lithwalwa kakhulu uhlobo olukhethekile lwegundane olutholakala eNtshonalanga, ePhakathi, naseMpumalanga Afrika. Leli gciwane lihlala emchameni nasendle yala magundane. La magundane athanda ukuza emakhaya lapho kuhlala khona abantu nalapho kugcinwa khona ukudla.

Ngakho-ke, kunezindlela eziningana umuntu angasithola ngazo lesi sifo:

• Ngokuthinta umchamo noma indle yegundane elitheleleke ngegciwane . Cabanga ukuthi igundane elinjengaleli selifikile lahamba futhi indle yalo ishiywe ndawana thize. Uma uthinta lezo zinto, udla ukudla ngalezo zandla, noma uthinta amehlo akho, impumulo, noma umlomo, igciwane lingangena emzimbeni wakho.
• Ngokudla amagundane anesifo. Kwezinye izindawo, abantu babamba amagundane bese bewadla. Ukwenza kanjalo kwandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo.
• Ngokuphefumula izinhlayiya ezincane ezivela endle yamagundane athelelekile. Indle eyomile yamagundane ingaba yimpuphu futhi iqoqeke emoyeni. Uma siphefumula lowo moya, igciwane lingangena emaphashini ethu.

Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi lesi sifo sisabalale sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye. Kodwa akuyona into engenakwenzeka. Uma kwenzeka, singasabalala ngokuthinta igazi noma olunye uketshezi lomzimba (isib. ukuhlanza) oluvela kumuntu onegciwane., umchamo) kumele ungene emzimbeni womuntu ophilile ngesilonda, amehlo, ikhala, noma umlomo. Lesi sifo asisabalaliswa ngokuxhawulana nje, ukugona, noma ukuhlala eduze komunye nomunye. Futhi, ochwepheshe bathi umuntu onegciwane akanakusabalalisa lesi sifo komunye umuntu ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu?

Okokuqala, thina eSri Lanka asinaso isibindi ngalesi sifo. Ngoba lesi sifo asibikwa kakhulu ezweni lakithi. Sibonakala kakhulu emazweni aseNtshonalanga Afrika. Isibonelo:

• ISierra Leone
• ILiberia
• IGuinea
• INigeria

Ingozi ikhona kuphela uma uhamba noma uhlala kula mazwe.

Ngokusho kwemibiko evela kwi-World Health Organization, izinga lokufa kwabantu abathola lesi sifo licishe libe yi-1%. Kodwa-ke, kulabo abagula kakhulu futhi abalaliswe esibhedlela, cishe abangu-15% bangase bafe.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu zibonakala zingakapheli isonto elilodwa kuya kwamathathu emva kokutheleleka. Cishe abantu abangu-80% babhekana nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu nezivamile. Kodwa cishe abantu abangu-20% bangase bagule kakhulu. Ake sibone lokhu ngokucacile etafuleni.

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo

Uma uba nezimpawu ezinjengalezi ngemva kokuya ezweni lase-Afrika, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha bese umtshela ngohambo lwakho .

Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngokuhlolwa kwegazi . Ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi sifo, ukuxilongwa kungenziwa nangokuhlola uketshezi oluthathwe ekhaleni noma emphinjeni.

Njengokwelashwa, udokotela wakho uvame ukukunikeza umuthi wokulwa namagciwane obizwa ngokuthi i-Ribavirin . Lo muthi usebenza kahle kakhulu uma uwuqala ngokushesha nje lapho uqala ukuba nezimpawu. Lo muthi unganikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) noma njengephilisi.

Labo abagula kakhulu badinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela. Lapho, odokotela nabahlengikazi:

• Izinto ezifana nosawoti zinikezwa ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• I-oxygen inikezwa uma kudingeka.
• Ilawula umfutho wegazi.
• Uma kuvela ezinye izinkinga zempilo, nazo zizolashwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu neziqeda amandla zomkhuhlane weLassa ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa . Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yalabo abangenwe yileli gciwane izokhula ibe yizithulu ngezinga elithile. Lokhu kuvame ukuba njalo .

Enye into ukuthi uma lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu, ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi ngisho nokufa kungavela zingakapheli amasonto amabili kusukela kuqale izimpawu.

Ungazivikela kanjani kumkhuhlane we-Lassa?

Uma uya ezweni laseNtshonalanga Afrika, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulesi sifo ukuhlala kude namagundane . Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungenza okulandelayo:

• Gcina ukudla neziphuzo ezitsheni ezivalwe kahle lapho amagundane angakufinyeleli khona.
• Gcina indawo ohlala kuyo ihlanzekile. Ngaleyo ndlela, inani lamagundane lizoncipha.
• Uma ubona amagundane lapho ukhona, thuthela kwenye indawo uma kungenzeka. Noma beka izicupho zamagundane.
• Ungalokothi uzame ukupheka nokudla amagundane.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)

Ingabe umkhuhlane weLassa ungalapheka ngokuphelele?

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile komkhuhlane we-Lassa okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, odokotela basebenzisa umuthi olwa namagciwane obizwa ngokuthi i-Ribavirin. Uma ukwelashwa kuqalwa ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu, kungaphumelela kakhulu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Ebola kanye ne-Lassa fever?

Nakuba zombili ziyizifo ezibangelwa ukopha ezibangelwa amagciwane, kunezimo ezithile ezibalulekile. I-Ebola ivame ukusabalala isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye ngokuxhumana noketshezi lomzimba lomuntu onegciwane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Lassa fever isakazeka kakhulu ngendle yamagundane anegciwane. I-Ebola inezinga lokufa elifinyelela ku-50%. I-Lassa fever inezinga lokufa eliphansi kakhulu.