Kumelwe ukuba uzwile ngalesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Mpox, noma i-Monkeypox, kulezi zinsuku, akunjalo? Kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane lapho kuvela izindaba zokuthi sisakazeka emhlabeni wonke futhi kukhishwe izixwayiso yi-World Health Organization. Kodwa njengakho konke okunye, ngaphambi kokuba sesabe lokhu, masiqonde lesi sifo ngokunembile nangokulula. Khona-ke singabhekana nalesi simo ngokuhlakanipha ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokungadingekile.
Iyini ngempela iMpox (Monkeypox)?
Kalula nje, i-Mpox yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge- smallpox . Leli gciwane lingelomndeni ofanayo negciwane le-smallpox. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izimpawu ze-Mpox ngokuvamile azibi kakhulu njenge-smallpox. Ososayensi bebelokhu bazi ngalesi sifo kusukela ngo-1958. Ngaleso sikhathi, satholakala okokuqala ezinkawini zaselabhorethri ezisetshenziselwa ucwaningo. Yingakho igama elithi Monkeypox laqala ukusetshenziswa.
Lesi sifo sasivame ukubonakala emazweni aseCentral naseNtshonalanga Afrika. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngo-2022, imibiko yokusabalala kwegciwane ngaphandle kwe-Afrika isiqalile ukuvela. Ngenxa yalokho, i-World Health Organization (WHO) isimemezele ukuthi “ isimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo yomphakathi esikhathazayo emhlabeni wonke.”
I-Mpox igciwane le-zoonotic elingadluliselwa kusuka ezilwaneni liye kubantu. Lingadluliselwa hhayi kuphela ezinkawini, kodwa nakwezinye izilwane e-Afrika, njengezinkawu namagundane . Lingadluliselwa futhi kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye.
Lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sonke siyiqaphele. Uma sazi ukuthi lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani, kulula kakhulu ukuzivikela.
Kusukela komunye umuntu kuya komunye:
Isakazeka kakhulu ngokuxhumana eduze nomuntu onesifo.
- Ngokuthinta amabhamuza noma izilonda esikhumbeni: Ngokuthintana ngqo namabhamuza noma izilonda esikhumbeni sesiguli, ngaphakathi emlonyeni noma ekhaleni.
- Ngokuthintana noketshezi lomzimba: Lapho uketshezi lomzimba olufana negazi nesidoda esivela esigulini lungena emzimbeni womuntu ophilile.
- Ngamaconsi okuphefumula: Ngokuphefumula amaconsi okuphefumula akhishwa lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula. Kodwa lokhu kungenzeka isikhathi eside, eduze.Kufanele uthintane ngoba lawa maconsi awahambi ibanga elide kangako.
- Ngokuthinta into ethelelekile: Ngokuthinta izinto ezifana nemibhede, izingubo, namathawula asetshenziswa yisiguli. Kodwa-ke, amathuba okutheleleka aphansi kancane ngale ndlela.
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi lesi sifo sidluliselwa ngokuxhumana eduze ngesikhathi socansi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kobhubhane lwango-2022. Ngakho-ke, nakuba singabhekwa njengesifo esidluliselwa ngocansi (STI), kunengozi enkulu yokudluliselwa ngesikhathi socansi.
Kusukela ezilwaneni kuya kubantu:
Ungalithola leli gciwane uma isilwane esinaleli gciwane sikuklwebha noma sikuluma. Ungalithola nangokudla inyama engaphekiwe kahle yesilwane esinaleli gciwane. Uma unezimpawu ze-Mpox, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlala kude nezilwane ezifuywayo (izinja, amakati).
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Mpox?
Izimpawu zingavela phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 neziyi-14 (futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube amasonto ama-3) ngemva kokuchayeka egciwaneni. Ekuqubukeni kwamuva nje, odokotela babone izimpawu eziningana ezintsha ngaphezu kwezivamile. Ake sihlukanise ngokucacile phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.
| Isigaba sezimpawu | Izimpawu ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| Izici ezintsha ezibonwe muva nje |
|
| Izici ezibonwa ngokwesiko |
|
Ukuvuvukala kuvame ukuqala ezinsukwini ezingu-1-3 ngemva kokuqala komkhuhlane. Lokhu kuqala ukubonakala ebusweni bese kusakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ikakhulukazi izintende zezandla, amathe ezinyawo, izingalo nemilenze.
Lawa ma-blister anephethini eshintsha kancane kancane:
1. Kuqala njengamabala ayisicaba (ama-macules).
2. Kamuva, ziyavuvukala kancane bese zenze ama-papule.
3. Bese ziphenduka ama-vesicle agcwele uketshezi olucacile.
4. Ekugcineni, uketshezi luphenduka ubomvu obuphuzi (ama-pustules), lome, luqhekeke, bese luwa.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, sicela ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungacabangi nje.
Ingabe lesi sifo siyingozi? Yiziphi izinkinga?
Kwabaningi, lesi sifo siphela ngokuphelele phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamane. Kodwa-ke, singaba sibi kakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, izingane ezincane, kanye nalabo abanezinye izimo zezokwelapha .
Ezimweni ezingavamile, izinkinga ezinkulu ezilandelayo zingase zenzeke:
- Ukutheleleka kobuchopho (i-Encephalitis)
- Ushevu wegazi (i-Sepsis)
- I-pneumonia enzima (i-Bronchopneumonia)
- Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngenxa yokutheleleka kwe-cornea.
Ukufa kuyinto engavamile kakhulu, kodwa ingozi iyanda uma kungatholakali ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma usola ukuthi uhlangane nesiguli?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uke waxhumana eduze nomuntu one-Mpox, ungesabi. Okokuqala, shayela udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, qaphela izimpawu izinsuku ezingu-21.
- Hlola izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho kabili ngosuku.
- Uma unezinhlungu kanye neqakala elivuvukile kuphela, ungenawo umkhuhlane noma amabhamuza, hlala ekhaya amahora angama-24.
- Uma uqala umkhuhlane kanye/noma amabhamuza, zihlukanise ngokushesha nabanye bese wazisa iSikhulu Sezempilo sendawo (MOH).
- Uma ungenazo izimpawu, ungaqhubeka nokusebenza ngendlela evamile. Kodwa-ke, gwema ukunikela ngegazi, i-plasma, ubisi lwebele, isidoda, noma izitho zomzimba kulezi zinsuku ezingu-21.
Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa
Udokotela wakho uzohlola isikhumba sakho futhi akubuze ngezimpawu zakho ukuze athole ukuthi unesifo sini. Bazozama nokususa ezinye izifo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo, njenge-measles, i-chickenpox, kanye ne-syphilis. Ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri kuyindlela kuphela yokuthola ukuthi unesifo se-measles.
Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-measles okwamanje. Odokotela bangasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ngokwelapha izimpawu, ukuphumula, nokuphuza uketshezi oluningi.
Kodwa-ke, kunemithi yokugomela lokhu. Umuthi wokugomela ingxibongo wangaphambilini, i-Mpox, utholakale unikeza isivikelo esingu-85%. Njengamanje, amazwe afana ne-United States asebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi yokugomela ebizwa ngokuthi `(JYNNEOS)` kanye `(ACAM2000)`. Kungcono ukugomela ngaphambi kokuba ugule. Kodwa-ke, ukugomela zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-4 zokudalulwa kungasiza ekuvimbeleni noma ekunciphiseni ubukhali besifo. Ungabuza udokotela wakho ngolwazi olwengeziwe ngalokhu.
Kuthiwani uma ngithola i-chickenpox ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Uma umama okhulelwe noma oncelisayo ethola lesi sifo, ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu inganda kancane. Kukhona ithuba lokudluliselwa kusuka kumama kuye enganeni esibelethweni nge-placenta.
Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nokuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukubeletha ingane ifile. Uma ukhulelwe futhi unezimpawu ze-chickenpox, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Singazivikela kanjani kulokhu?
Ukuvikela kuyinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza. Ukulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilula kungakunikeza isivikelo esikhulu.
- Gwema ukuxhumana eduze: Gwema ukuxhumana eduze, ukuqabulana, noma ukwangana nomuntu onezimpawu ze-chickenpox.
- Ungabelani ngezinto zakho: Ungasebenzisi izinto ezifana nezingubo, izingubo zokulala, amathawula, izitsha, njll. ezisetshenziswe ngumuntu ogulayo.
- Ukugeza izandla: Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo, ikakhulukazi uma uke wathintana nomuntu ogulayo noma othinte indawo esolisayo.
- Qaphela izilwane: Ezindaweni lapho lesi sifo sivame khona, gwema ukuphatha izilwane ezigulayo noma ezifile.
- Ucansi oluphephile: Uma wena noma umlingani wakho ninama-blister asolisayo, into ephephile ongayenza ukugwema ukuya ocansini kuze kube yilapho esepholile ngokuphelele. Ikhondomu iyodwa ayinikezi isivikelo esiphelele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-chickenpox iyisifo esibangelwa yigciwane. Nakuba ngokuvamile singesibi kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela.
- Idluliselwa kakhulu ngokuxhumana eduze nama-blister esikhumba kanye noketshezi lomzimba lomuntu onegciwane.
- Nakuba uphawu oluyinhloko luwukuqubuka kwesikhumba, izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, kanye nezindlala ezivuvukele nazo zingase zibe khona.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enezimpawu ezisolisayo, ungenzi izinqumo ngokusekelwe ekuqageleni noma ekubhekeni ku-inthanethi, kodwa bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko .
- Ukugeza izandla njalo, ukugwema ukuxhumana nabantu abagulayo, kanye nokugcina inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu kungakuvikela kulesi sifo.
I-Mpox, i-Monkeypox, umkhuhlane wezinkawu, izimpawu ze-Mpox, ukudluliswa kwe-Mpox, ukwelashwa kwe-Mpox, umjovo we-Mpox
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