Cishe uke wezwa izindaba nge-Mpox, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Monkeypox , muva nje. Njengoba imibiko yayo isakazeka emhlabeni wonke kanye nezixwayiso ezikhishwe yi-World Impilo Organization, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile noma ukhathazekile. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma iyiphi inkinga yezempilo, kungcono ukuqonda amaqiniso ngokucacile kunokuvumela ukwesaba. Lo mhlahlandlela uzokusiza ukuthi uqonde okwenzekayo ukuze uhlale uzolile futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezihlakaniphile nezisebenzayo zempilo yakho.
Iyini ngempela i-Mpox?
Kalula nje, i-Mpox iyisifo esibangelwa yigciwane. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge -smallpox ; igciwane elibangela i-Mpox lingelomndeni ofanayo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izimpawu ze-Mpox ngokuvamile azibi kakhulu kuneze-smallpox. Ososayensi bebelokhu bazi ngaleli gciwane kusukela ngo-1958, lapho laqala ukutholakala ezinkawini zaselabhorethri ezisetshenziselwa ucwaningo—okuyindlela igama elithi "Monkeypox" ( Monkeypox ) elivela ngayo.
Ngokomlando, lesi sifo sasitholakala kakhulu ezingxenyeni zase-Afrika Ephakathi naseNtshonalanga. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngo-2022, amacala abikwe ezindaweni ezahlukene ezingaphandle kwe-Afrika. Ngenxa yalokho, i-World Impilo Organization (WHO) yamemezela ukuthi " Isimo Esiphuthumayo Sezempilo Yomphakathi Esikhathazayo Emhlabeni Wonke."
I-Mpox iyigciwane le-zoonotic, okusho ukuthi ingagxuma isuka ezilwaneni iye kubantu. Akuzona izinkawu kuphela ezithwala lona; ezinye izilwane, okuhlanganisa namagundane , zingaba naleli gciwane. Okubaluleke kakhulu, leli gciwane lingasakazeka lisuka kumuntu liye komunye.
Kusakazeka Kanjani?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqonde. Ukwazi ukuthi isakazeka kanjani kuyisihluthulelo sokuzivikela.
Ukudluliselwa Komuntu Nomuntu:
Igciwane lisakazeka kakhulu ngokuxhumana eduze kakhulu nomuntu othelelekile.
- Ukuthintana ngqo nokuqubuka kwesikhumba noma izilonda : Ukuthinta amabhamuza, izilonda, noma amabala esikhumbeni somuntu, noma emlonyeni noma ekhaleni lakhe.
- Ukuthintana noketshezi lomzimba: Ukuthintana negazi noma olunye uketshezi lomzimba lomuntu onegciwane.
- Amaconsi okuphefumula: Ukuphefumula amaconsi okuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuxhumana ubuso nobuso isikhathi eside. Ngenxa yokuthi la maconsi awahambi ibanga elide, lokhu kuvame ukudinga ukuba seduze isikhathi eside.
- Ukuthintana nezinto ezingcolisiwe: Ukuthinta izinto ezisetshenziswa umuntu onegciwane, njengezindwangu zokulala, izingubo, noma amathawula. Nakuba kungenzeka, ingozi ngale ndlela ibhekwa njengephansi.
Ucwaningo ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kwalesi sifo ngo-2022 lubonise ukuthi ukuthintana ngokocansi kungandisa kakhulu ingozi yokudluliselwa kwalesi sifo. Nakuba kungabhekwa njengesifo esithathelwana ngocansi (STI), ukuthintana ngokocansi kuwumsebenzi oyingozi kakhulu yokusabalalisa leli gciwane.
Ukudluliselwa Kwegciwane Kusuka Esilwaneni Kuya Kumuntu:
Ungangenwa yileli gciwane uma uklwejwa noma ulunywe yisilwane esinaleli gciwane, noma ngokuphatha noma ukudla inyama engaphekiwe kahle evela emthonjeni othelelekile. Uma unezimpawu ze-Mpox, kuwukuhlakanipha ukugcina izilwane zakho ezifuywayo (njengezinja noma amakati) kude.
Ziyini Izimpawu?
Izimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 neziyi-14 ngemva kokuchayeka, yize lokhu kungafinyelela ezinsukwini ezingama-21. Ekuqubukeni kwamuva nje, odokotela babone amaphethini amasha kanye nezimpawu zendabuko.
| Isigaba Sezimpawu | Izimpawu Ezivamile |
|---|---|
| Amaphethini Asanda Kubonwa |
|
| Izimpawu Zendabuko |
|
Ngokuvamile, ukuqubuka kuvela ezinsukwini eziyi-1-3 ngemva kokuqala komkhuhlane. Ngokuvamile kuqala ebusweni ngaphambi kokusabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, okuhlanganisa izintende zezandla, amathe ezinyawo, kanye nemilenze.
Ukuqubuka kuqhubeka ngezigaba:
1. Iqala njengamabala abomvu ayisicaba (ama-macule).
2. Lokhu kukhula kube amaqhubu aphakanyisiwe (ama-papules).
3. Lokhu bese kugcwaliswa ngoketshezi olucacile (ama-vesicle).
4. Ekugcineni, uketshezi luba ubomvu obuphuzi (ama-pustules), bese luqhekeka bese luwa.
Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho noma uvakashele ikliniki yokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ungathembeli ekuzihloleni wena.
Kubaluleke Kangakanani?
Iningi labantu liyalulama ngokugcwele zingakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwamane. Kodwa-ke, lesi sifo singaba sibi kakhulu kulabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, izingane ezincane, kanye nabantu abanezimo zempilo eziyisisekelo.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, izinkinga ezinkulu zingavela:
- Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho (i-Encephalitis)
- Ukutheleleka ngegazi (i-Sepsis)
- I-pneumonia enzima
- Ukutheleleka kwamehlo (ukutheleleka kwe-cornea) okungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokubona.
Ukufa kuyinto engavamile kakhulu, kodwa ingozi iyanda uma ungadingi usizo lwezokwelapha.
Yini Okufanele Uyenze Uma Usola Ukuthi Uzovezwa?
Uma ukholelwa ukuthi uke waxhumana eduze nesiguli se-Mpox, hlala uzolile. Okokuqala, shayela udokotela wakho ukuze akuqondise. Ziqaphele izimpawu izinsuku ezingu-21.
- Hlola izinga lokushisa lakho kabili ngosuku.
- Uma ukhulelwa yiqhwa noma uvuvukele ama-lymph node ngaphandle komkhuhlane noma ukuqubuka, zihlukanise ekhaya amahora angama-24.
- Uma uqala umkhuhlane noma ukuqubuka, zihlukanise nabanye bese uxhumana nomnyango wezempilo womphakathi wangakini noma izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.
- Uma ungenazo izimpawu, ungaqhubeka nomkhuba wakho wansuku zonke, kodwa gwema ukunikela ngegazi, i-plasma, ubisi lwebele, isidoda, noma izitho zomzimba isikhathi sokuqapha sezinsuku ezingu-21.
Ukuxilongwa Nokwelashwa
Udokotela wakho uzohlola isikhumba sakho futhi abukeze izimpawu zakho. Bangase benze izivivinyo ukuze banqume ezinye izimo ezifana nesimungumungwane, i-chickenpox, noma i-syphilis. Kudingeka ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri ukuqinisekisa i-Mpox ngokuqinisekile.
Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-Mpox. Odokotela bagxila ekuphatheni izimpawu, ukuqinisekisa ukuphumula okwanele, kanye nokuthola amanzi ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga.
Imithi yokugoma iyatholakala. Umuthi wokugoma we-smallpox utholakale usebenza kahle cishe ngo-85% ekuvimbeleni i-Mpox. Amazwe afana ne-US asebenzisa imithi yokugoma efana ne-JYNNEOS kanye ne-ACAM2000. Kungcono ukugoma ngaphambi kokuchayeka; noma kunjalo, ukuthola umuthi wokugoma zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-4 kusukela uthintane nalesi sifo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo noma ukunciphisa ubukhali baso. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Kuthiwani Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa?
I-Mpox ingaba nzima kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Kukhona ingozi yokuthi igciwane lidlule lisuka kumama liye embungwini nge-placenta.
Lokhu kunezingozi ezifana nokuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukuzalwa kwengane isishonile. Uma ukhulelwe futhi usola ukuthi une-Mpox, yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha.
Indlela Yokuzivikela
Ukuvimbela umuthi ongcono kakhulu. Lezi zinyathelo ezilula zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho:
- Gwema ukusondelana: Gwema ukwanga, ukugona, noma ukusondelana nanoma ubani obonisa izimpawu ze-Mpox.
- Ungabelani ngezinto zakho: Gwema ukwabelana ngezingubo, amalineni, amathawula, noma izitsha nomuntu onegciwane.
- Geza izandla zakho: Geza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuxhumana nomuntu ongase abe nokugula.
- Qaphela izilwane: Ezindaweni ezisengozini enkulu, gwema ukuthinta izilwane ezigulayo noma ezifile.
- Imikhuba yocansi ephephile: Uma wena noma umlingani wakho ninamaqhubu asolisayo, gwema ukwenza ucansi kuze kube yilapho amaqhubu esepholile ngokuphelele. Amakhondomu kuphela angase anganikezi isivikelo esigcwele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Mpox iyisifo esibangelwa yigciwane; nakuba ngokuvamile singesibi kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi.
- Isakazeka ikakhulukazi ngokuxhumana eduze kakhulu nezilonda zesikhumba noma uketshezi lomzimba lomuntu onegciwane.
- Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuqubuka, kodwa umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zemisipha, kanye nokuvuvukala kwama-lymph node nakho kungavela.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enezimpawu, ungathembeli ekusesheni kwe-inthanethi. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko sochwepheshe.
- Ukugeza izandla njalo, ukugwema ukuxhumana nabantu abagulayo, kanye nokugcina inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu kuyizindlela zakho ezinhle kakhulu zokuzivikela.
I-Mpox, i-Monkeypox, izimpawu ze-Monkeypox, ukudluliswa kwe-Mpox, ukwelashwa kwe-Mpox, umuthi wokugomela i-Mpox
