Singakhuluma ngale nethiwekhi emangalisayo (i-Peripheral Nervous System) ethwala ulwazi emzimbeni wethu wonke?

Wake wazibuza ukuthi izinto ziyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu? Kufana ne-supercomputer, akunjalo? Ukuze sihlanganise konke lokhu, futhi sithwale ulwazi lusuka endaweni eyodwa luye kwenye, sinesimiso esikhethekile. Silubiza ngokuthi uhlelo lwezinzwa . Lunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko. Esinye yi-Central Nervous System , esisebenza njenge-"main control center" yethu. Esinye yi-Peripheral Nervous System , esizokhuluma ngayo namuhla, futhi esisakazeke kuwo wonke umzimba. Cabanga nje ngesimiso esimangalisayo "sezintambo" ezisuka ekhanda lakho ziye ezinzwaneni zakho !

Ngakho-ke iyini le Peripheral Nervous System?

Kalula nje, i-Peripheral Nervous System ( PNS ) iyinethiwekhi enkulu yezinzwa eqala ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi (okungukuthi, ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla) futhi idlulele ekhanda, entanyeni, emzimbeni, nasezithweni. Kufana nohlelo lwezintambo zikagesi endlini. Kusukela ebhodini lokushintsha eliyinhloko (okungukuthi, uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi), izintambo zigijimela kuwo wonke amakamelo, zonke izibani, kanye nazo zonke izindawo zokuxhuma, akunjalo? Yilokho kanye okwenzekayo.

Uyazi ukuthi yini imizwa? Ifana nezintambo ezincane. Yakhiwe uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli olubizwa ngokuthi ama-neurons . La ma-neurons angadlulisela ulwazi ngokushesha kakhulu ngezibonakaliso zikagesi nezamakhemikhali. Cabanga nje, uma ushaya umunwe wakho ndawana thize, ubuhlungu buya ebuchosheni ngemizuzwana embalwa ngale nethiwekhi yemizwa.

Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kweSistimu Yezinzwa Ephakathi kanye neSistimu Yezinzwa Ezungezile?

Lezi ezimbili zifana nehhovisi elikhulu lenkampani enkulu kanye nenethiwekhi yayo yamagatsha.

• I-Central Nervous System (CNS) ingubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla . Leli "yigumbi lokulawula" noma "isikhungo sokwenza izinqumo" somzimba wethu. Lonke ulwazi luyaqoqwa, luhlaziywe, futhi izinqumo zenziwa lapha.
• Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Oluhambayo (i-PNS) "luyi-ejenti yokuxhumana" ethwala ulwazi oluvela egumbini lokulawula eliyinhloko luye kuzo zonke ezinye izingxenye zomzimba, futhi ibuyisela ulwazi egumbini lokulawula oluvela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba.

Kalula nje, i-CNS ayikwazi ukusebenza yodwa ngaphandle kwe-PNS. I-PNS ibalulekile ekuthwaleni imiyalezo evela ku-CNS kuwo wonke umzimba kanye nokudlulisa imizwa esuka emzimbeni iye ku-CNS. Ndawonye, ​​lezi ezimbili zakha lonke uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa.

Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zeSistimu Yezinzwa Ezungezile?

Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluseceleni (i-PNS) lungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko, kuye ngomsebenzi oluwenzayo.

1. Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Oluhambisana Nomzimba

Lokhu kuhlobene nezinto esingazilawula ngokuthanda kwethu . Okusho ukuthi, izinto ozenzayo ngamabomu.

• Ukunyakaza ngokuzithandela: Izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa ingalo, ukuhambisa umlenze, ukuhamba, ukukhuluma. Lokhu kwenziwa ngemizwa elawula imisipha yethu yamathambo . Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ' imizwa yokunyakaza'. Lokhu kuthwala imiyalo esuka ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni iye emisipheni.
• Ukwamukela Imizwa: Imizwa etholakala ezinzweni zethu ezinhlanu (amehlo, izindlebe, impumulo, ulimi, isikhumba) – njengokubona, ukuzwa, ukuhogela, ukunambitha, ukuthinta , ubuhlungu, izinga lokushisa – ithwalwa iye ebuchosheni yizinzwa ezizwayo zalolu hlelo.

Cabanga ubona umngane bese uqhweba. Umuzwa wokubona umngane wakho (umuzwa) uya ebuchosheni ngenzwa yokuzwa. Bese umyalezo ovela ebuchosheni wokuqhweba uya emisipheni esesandleni sakho ngenzwa yokunyakaza. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngesistimu yezinzwa yomzimba.

2. Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Oluzimele

Lena yingxenye emangalisayo. Ilawula izinto ezenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kokuthi siqaphele . Awucabangi ngezinto ezifana nokuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukugaya ukudla, noma ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho, akunjalo? Ziyenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Yilokho okulawulwa yi- Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).

Lolu hlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele luphinde lwahlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko. Zisebenza njenge-accelerator kanye namabhuleki emoto.

A. Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Olunozwela

Lolu "uhlelo lwethu oluphuthumayo." Kufana nokusilungiselela "ukulwa noma ukubaleka." Lolu hlelo lusebenza uma wesaba, usengozini, noma ungaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu.

• Isilinganiso senhliziyo siyanda.
• Ukuphefumula kuyasheshiswa.
• Inhlamvu yamehlo iyakhula (ukuze ibone kangcono).
• Ukujuluka.
• Izinto ezingabalulekile ngaleso sikhathi, njengokugaya ukudla, ziyamiswa okwesikhashana noma zincishiswe.

Konke lokhu kwenzelwa ukunika umzimba wakho amandla engeziwe okubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo.

B. Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Olune-Parasympathetic

Lokhu kusebenza ngokumelene nesistimu yozwela. Lokhu "ukuphumula nokugaya."('Ukuphumula Nokugaya'). Uma isimo esiphuthumayo sidlula, futhi uzolile, lolu hlelo luyasebenza futhi lubuyisela umzimba esimweni esijwayelekile.

• Yehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuphefumula kuyathulisa.
• Kuthuthukisa ukugaya ukudla.
• Kusiza ukonga amandla.

Manje usuyaqonda ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuthi lezi zinhlelo ezimbili zisebenze ngokulinganisela? Esinye "sivuselela" umzimba, kanti esinye "siyawuthulisa".

Ngakho-ke yini ngempela le ndlela yezinzwa esetshenziswayo (i-PNS) kithi?

Sisanda kukhuluma ngamasheya. Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo esizithola ku-PNS ngokujwayelekile.

• Ukuqwashisa ngezinzwa kusisiza: Sizwa konke, okuhlanganisa ukushisa, umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu, iphunga, ukunambitha, ukubona, kanye nokuzwa, ngoba ulwazi luya ebuchosheni ngemizwa yezinzwa ku-PNS. Cabanga nje, uma uthinta ngephutha inkomishi yetiye eshisayo, ungasusa kanjani isandla sakho ngokushesha nje lapho uzwa ukushisa? Ngemizuzwana embalwa, i-PNS ithumela isignali ebuchosheni ithi, "Kuyashisa!", bese ubuchopho buthumela isignali emuva buthi, "Susa isandla sakho!"
• Ukunyakaza kwethu kulawulwa: ukuhamba, ukugijima, ukubhala, ukukhuluma, ukuhleka... Konke lokhu kulawulwa yimisipha yethu ngokusebenzisa izinzwa ze-PNS.
• Ilawula izinto ezenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo emzimbeni: Izinto eziningi esingenakuzilawula, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula, ukujuluka, ukugaya ukudla, kanye nomfutho wegazi, kodwa ezibalulekile ukuze siphile, zilawulwa yingxenye ye-PNS ezenzakalelayo.
• Ukuzindla: Ngezinye izikhathi imizimba yethu isabela ngaphambi kokuba sicabange ngakho ukuze sigweme ingozi. Isibonelo, ukuphakamisa imilenze yethu lapho sishaywa yinduku, noma ukuvala amehlo ethu lapho sibona okuthile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuzindla. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba umlayezo osheshayo uthunyelwa emgogodleni nge-PNS, futhi impendulo esheshayo itholakala lapho. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba umlayezo ufike ebuchosheni.

Ingabe uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluseceleni (i-PNS) lungaba nezinkinga?

Yebo, impela. Ngesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi kangaka, ngezinye izikhathi kungavela izinkinga. Uma imizwa yonakele, ukusebenza kwayo kungaphazamiseka. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-peripheral neuropathy .

Izimpawu ezivame ukubonakala yilezi:

• Ukuba ndikindiki, ukuqaqamba, kanye nobuhlungu ezithweni (ikakhulukazi ebusuku)
• Ukuncipha kokuzwa kokuthinta, izinga lokushisa, kanye nobuhlungu
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ubunzima bokuhamba
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi, ukuwa njalo
• Uma uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele luthinteka, izinto ezifana nokushintsha kokujuluka, izinguquko ekucindezelweni kwegazi, kanye nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla zingavela.

Yini engabangela lokhu?

• Isifo Sikashukela: Isifo sikashukela siyimbangela ehamba phambili ye-peripheral neuropathy. Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini isikhathi eside angalimaza imizwa.
• Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini: Ikakhulukazi ukuntuleka kwe-`(Vitamin B12)` kanye namanye amavithamini e-B.
• Ukulimala:Umthambo uyasikwa, ulimale, noma udonswe engozini.
• Ukucindezelwa kwemizwa: Isibonelo, i-carpal tunnel syndrome, ebangelwa ukucindezelwa kwemizwa edlula esihlakaleni.
• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka okuthile okubangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane.
• Ubuthi: Ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile, ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile.
• Izifo zesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba: Kwezinye izifo, isimiso sethu sokuzivikela komzimba sihlasela imizwa.
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza nomdlavuza: Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa okufana ne-chemotherapy kungathinta izinzwa.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole iseluleko. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekwelapheni lesi simo futhi kuvimbele ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.

Siyinakekela kanjani kahle isimiso sethu sezinzwa esiyigugu (i-PNS)?

Ukugcina i-PNS iphilile, okusiza umzimba wethu wonke ukuthi uxhumane, kubaluleke kakhulu. Ake sibone ukuthi yini esingayenzela yona.

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Kubalulekile ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, ikakhulukazi ukudla okunothe ngevithamini B (okusanhlamvu, imifino, izithelo, inyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda).
• Lawula isifo sikashukela: Uma unesifo sikashukela, lawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kahle ngokudla, ukuzivocavoca, futhi uma kudingeka, ngemithi, njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo: Ukuzivocavoca kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, okuyinto enhle futhi ezinzwa.
• Gwema utshwala nokubhema: Lokhu kuyingozi ezinzwa.
• Thatha izinyathelo zokuphepha: Gwema izingozi ezilimaza imizwa. Sebenzisa imishini yokuphepha emsebenzini kanye nalapho udlala imidlalo.
• Thola ukwelashwa okufanele kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona: Hhayi isifo sikashukela kuphela, kodwa uma unezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona, zitholele ukwelashwa okufanele.
• Qaphela ngezinyathelo eziphindaphindayo: Uma usebenza emsebenzini ohilela ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe (isib., ukusebenza kukhompyutha), thatha ikhefu njalo futhi ushintshe izikhundla ukuze ugweme ukucindezelwa kwemizwa.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi manje usunombono omuhle wokuthi iyini i-Peripheral Nervous System . Lena "inethiwekhi yokuxhumana" emangalisayo ethwala imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni bethu kanye nomgogodla iye kuwo wonke amagumbi omzimba, futhi ithola nemiyalezo evela yonke indawo.

• Inezingxenye ezimbili: uhlelo lwe-somatic, esingalulawula, kanye nohlelo oluzimele, olusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo.
• Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele luhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: oluzwelanayo (oluphuthumayo) kanye nolune-parasympathetic (ukuphumula).
• Zonke imizwa yethu, ukunyakaza, kanye nezinye izinqubo eziningi zemvelo emzimbeni zincike kule PNS.
• Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela zingalimaza lesi simiso, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo .
• Uma ubona izimpawu zezifo ezihlobene nezinzwa , ungachithi isikhathi futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha .

Imizimba yethu iyindalo emangalisayo. Ukwazi okuncane ngalezi zinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kungasisiza ukuthi sizigcine ziphilile. Ngakho-ke, ungakhohlwa ukunakekela "isistimu yakho yokuxhumanisa umzimba"!

Isistimu yezinzwa engaphandle, izinzwa, isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi, isistimu yezinzwa ezizimele, isistimu yezinzwa ye-somatic, izifo zezinzwa, impilo yezinzwa