Uyazi nge-Pulmonary Hypertension? Ake sixoxe ngayo!

Wake wezwa ngesifo lapho ingcindezi emaphashini ikhuphuka khona? Lokhu kuhluke kancane kumfutho wegazi ophezulu esivame ukukhuluma ngawo. Odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi 'i-Pulmonary Hypertension' (PH) , noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini. Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho umfutho wegazi, noma umfutho, ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni yakho liye emaphashini akho (esikubiza ngokuthi 'imithambo yegazi yamaphaphu'), ukhuphuka ngokungadingekile. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, ngoba sinomthelela omkhulu enhliziyweni nasemaphashini ethu.

Kungani i-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) iyingozi kangaka? Kwenzekani emizimbeni yethu?

Cabanga ngalokho okwenzekayo lapho ingcindezi engaphakathi kwemithambo ethwala igazi emaphashini ikhuphuka. Njengoba nje lapho ipayipi lamanzi livaliwe, kwenza kube nzima ukuthi amanzi ageleze, le mithambo iba mincane, ngezinye izikhathi ibe lukhuni. Ngemuva kwalokho, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi emaphashini. Uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo ('i-ventricle yesokudla') ikakhulukazi luzwa lokhu kucindezeleka kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhliziyo iqala ukuba buthaka njengoba iqhubeka nokusebenza kanzima. Lesi simo singadala nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni. Isibonelo:

• Ukwehla kwe -hemoglobin egazini (` I-Anemia` ).
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (`Arrhythmias`).
• Amahlule egazi emithanjeni yamaphaphu .
• Ukuqoqwa koketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo (` Pericardial effusion` ).

Uma owesifazane okhulelwe eba nalesi simo, singaba yingozi kumama kanye nomntwana. Uma singelashwa, lesi simo singaholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo okuqhubekayo ('ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesokudla') futhi singasongela ngisho nokuphila. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa .

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH)?

I-World Health Organization (WHO) ihlukanise lesi simo se-'Pulmonary Hypertension' (PH) ngezigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko ngokwezimbangela ezisibangelayo. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini. 1. Isigaba 1: I-PH ebangelwa yi-'Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). Kulokhu, imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi emaphashini ('pulmonary arteries') iyancipha, iqine, noma iqine. Lokhu kungaba nezimbangela ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, ngisho neminye imithi, ingathinta lokhu. 2. Isigaba 2: I-PH ebangelwa izinkinga ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo. Uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yethu yilona olupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Ngakho-ke, uma kunenkinga ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo, ithinta uhlangothi lwesokudla kanye nohlelo oluthwala igazi emaphashini. Igazi aligelezi kahle futhi liyavaleka, futhi ingcindezi emithanjeni yamaphaphu iyanda. 3. Isigaba 3: I-PH ebangelwa yisifo samaphaphu noma ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ('hypoxia').Ezinye izifo zamaphaphu zibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi emaphashini inciphe. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kuvimbeke, kanye nokucindezela kukhuphuke. 4. Isigaba 4: I-PH ebangelwa ukuvimbeka emaphashini. Ukugoba kwegazi emaphashini noma izibazi ezivela kuwo kuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kubeka ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo, kwandise umfutho wegazi emaphashini. 5. Isigaba 5: I-PH ebangelwa ezinye izifo. Lesi simo se-PH singavela nakwezinye izifo, njengezinye izifo zegazi kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic. Kodwa-ke, akukacaci kahle ukuthi lezi zifo zibangela kanjani i-PH.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo esithi `Pulmonary Hypertension` (PH)?

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu (i-PH) ungathinta abantu abadala banoma yibuphi ubudala. Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo noma samaphaphu basengozini enkulu yokuba naso. Kungaba yinto evamile nakubantu abanezinye izimo. Isibonelo:

• Cishe abantu abayi-100% abanesifo esibi se-mitral valve.
• Cishe abantu abangu-65% abanesifo se-aortic valve (esinye isifo se-valve yenhliziyo).
• Cishe abantu abangu-30% abane-'Scleroderma' (isifo sokuqina kwesikhumba kanye nezicubu ezixhumeneyo ).
• Cishe abantu abangu-20% - 40% abanesifo se-sickle cell .
• Cishe oyedwa kubantu abangu-200 utheleleke nge -HIV .

Ngokuvamile kuthinta abantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zingaba nalesi simo (`Ukucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo Kwegazi Lomntwana Osanda Kuzalwa - PPHN`). Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umntwana kuzodingeka alashwe egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile. Emhlabeni wonke, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe oyedwa kubantu abadala abayi-10 abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 unalesi simo se-PH. Lokhu kusho ukuthi singase sibe sivame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ze-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH)?

Ngokuvamile uphawu lokuqala ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ukuphefumula kanzima . Ungase ube nalokhu kuphelelwa umoya ngesikhathi semisebenzi evamile yansuku zonke, njengokukhwela izitebhisi, ukuthwala ukudla, noma ukuzivocavoca. Ungase ungabi nazimpawu ekuqaleni. Uma izimpawu zivela, zingase zibe zincane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zenze kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho evamile.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakala njengoba isifo siqhubeka?

Njengoba izinga lakho le-pH likhuphuka, ungase uzizwe uphelelwa umoya ngisho noma umile nje. Lokhu kungase kuhambisane nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Izindebe noma isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ubuthakathaka.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi (`Ukukhathala `).
• Ukudla akunambitheki.
• Ubuhlungu ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lwesisu.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha.
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala, imilenze, noma isisu (`i-Edema`).

Lezi zimpawu zenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuzivocavoca nokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Ingabe zikhona izigaba ze-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH)?

Yebo, i-World Health Organization (WHO) ithole izigaba ezine eziyinhloko ze-PH. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi "amakilasi asebenzayo." Lezi zinqunywa yizimpawu ozizwayo nokuthi ungenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke kangakanani. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, izimpawu ziya ngokuya zibonakala futhi ziphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

• Isigaba 1: Azikho izimpawu.
• Isigaba sesi-2: Azikho izimpawu lapho uphumule, kodwa kukhona ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu ngesikhathi semisebenzi evamile, njengokwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya noma ukukhwela izitebhisi.
• Isigaba 3: Ungase uzizwe uphilile uma uhleli nje. Kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi evamile manje. Ukhathele kakhulu futhi ucindezelekile.
• Isigaba 4: Izimpawu ziyabonakala ngisho noma umile nje. Izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu uma uzama ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi ojwayelekile.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH)?

Kunezimbangela eziningi ezahlukene ze-PH. Kuya ngohlobo lwe-PH onayo. Izifo ezahlukahlukene, izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo, ngisho nezici zemvelo (ubuthi, imithi ethile) kungabangela lokhu.

Isigaba 1: Izimbangela ze-`Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH)`

• Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso .
• Eminye imithi yokwehlisa isisindo (isib., umuthi "fen-phen," ongabangela i-PAH ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eminingi yokusetshenziswa).
• Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo .
• `Izifo zokugcina i-Glycogen`.
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV.
• Isifo sesibindi .
• Isifo se-Lupus.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-portal (ukwanda kwengcindezi emithanjeni eholela esibindini).
• Izifo ezingavamile zemithambo yamaphaphu ezifana ne-'pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis' kanye ne-'pulmonary veno-occlusive disease'.
• I-Schistosomiasis (isifo esibangelwa yi-parasite).
• Isifo se-Scleroderma.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezifana ne-'Methamphetamine'.

Abanye abantu bangaba ne-PAH ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `idiopathic`.

Isigaba 2: Izimbangela ze-PH ezibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kohlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo

Isifo senhliziyo siyimbangela evamile ye-PH. Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlangothi zenhliziyo zesobunxele nesokudla zisebenza ndawonye, ​​inkinga ohlangothini lwesobunxele izothinta nohlangothi lwesokudla.

• Isifo se-valve ye-aorta: Lena inkinga nge-valve ephakathi kwegumbi eliyinhloko lokupompa kwenhliziyo (i-'ventricle yesobunxele') kanye ne-aorta (umthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni).
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesobunxele : Uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo alukwazi ukupompa igazi kahle.
• Ukuqina kwe-ventricle yesobunxele (ukuqina kwezindonga ze-ventricle yesobunxele) : Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngenhliziyo ukupompa igazi kahle.
• Isifo se-valve ye-Mitral : Inkinga nge-valve evumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze lisuka ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele liye ku-ventricle yangakwesobunxele yenhliziyo.

Isigaba 3: Izimbangela ze-PH ezibangelwa yisifo samaphaphu noma ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo (`hypoxia`)

• Isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD) : Lokhu kufaka phakathi izifo ezifana ne-bronchitis engapheli kanye ne-emphysema. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.
• Isifo samaphaphu angaphakathi : Izibazi (i-fibrosis) zenzeka ezicutshini zamaphaphu.
• Ukuphefumula okubangelwa ubuthongo : Lokhu kubangela ukuthi indlela yokuphefumula ivaleke ngezikhathi ezithile ngesikhathi sokulala, okunciphisa inani lomoya-mpilo umzimba owutholayo.

Isigaba 4: Izimbangela ze-PH ngenxa yokuvaleka kwamaphaphu

Lokhu kubangelwa kakhulu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi `I-Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) .` Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka amahlule egazi kanye nezicubu ezibomvu emithanjeni yamaphaphu. Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi simo singabangelwa amanxeba abangelwa `i-pulmonary embolism` (ihlule legazi elinamathela emaphashini).

Isigaba 5: Izimbangela ze-PH ezibangelwa ezinye izifo

I-PH ingabangelwa ezinye izifo eziningi, futhi ososayensi abakaqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani.

• Isifo se-Gaucher (isifo se-metabolic).
• Isifo sezinso.
• I-Langerhans cell histiocytosis (isifo esibangela izibazi kanye nezimila emaphashini abantu abadala).
• I-Sarcoidosis (isimo sokuvuvukala, esivame ukuthinta amaphaphu nama-lymph node).
• Isifo se-thyroid.
• Izimila : Izimila, kungaba umdlavuza noma ezingengozi, zingabangela ingcindezi emithanjeni emaphashini.

I-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) ihlolwa kanjani ?

Udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga futhi, uma kudingeka, enze izivivinyo eziningana ukuze anqume ukuthi une-PH yini. Okokuqala, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba . Lapho,

• Babuza ngomlando wempilo yakho kanye nezimpawu zakho.
• Hlola ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi (lokhu kungaba uphawu lokwehluleka kwenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesokudla).
• Ukuze uhlole usayizi wesibindi, thinta uhlangothi oluphezulu lwesokudla lwesisu.
• Inhliziyo namaphaphu kulalelwa nge-stethoscope.
• Hlola isisu, amaqakala, kanye nemilenze ukuthi azivuvukile yini (i-edema).
• Umfutho wegazi uyalinganiswa.
• I-pulse oximeter ilinganisa izinga le-oxygen egazini.

Izimpawu ze-PH zingaba nzima ukuzibona ngoba zifana nezezinye izimo. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ezengeziwe. Ungathunyelwa futhi kuchwepheshe wamaphaphu (udokotela wamaphaphu) noma kuchwepheshe wenhliziyo (udokotela wenhliziyo).

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga i-PH?

• Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo kwesokudla: Okubizwa nangokuthi i-catheterization yemithambo yamaphaphu, lokhu kulinganisa ingcindezi emithanjeni yamaphaphu kanye nenani legazi inhliziyo engalipompa ngomzuzu. Lesi isivivinyo esiyinhloko sokuqinisekisa i-PH.
• I-Doppler echocardiogram: Lokhu ukuskena kusetshenziswa amaza omsindo. Kungabonisa ukuthi i-ventricle yesokudla yenhliziyo isebenza kanjani nokuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani kuma-valve. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukubala umfutho we-systolic pulmonary artery.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlola izinto ezifana nokusebenza kwezitho zomzimba, amazinga ama-hormone, kanye nokutheleleka. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okufana ne-'Complete metabolic panel' kanye ne-'Complete blood count'.
• I-CT scan yesifuba: Ukuhlola amahlule egazi nezinye izinkinga zamaphaphu.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukubona ukuthi uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo noma lwemithambo yamaphaphu lukhulu yini kunokuvamile.
• Ukuhlolwa kokulala (`i-Polysomnogram - i-PSG`): Ukuhlolwa kobusuku bonke ukuze kubonakale ukuthi une-`sleep apnea`.
• Ukuhlolwa komoya/ukuphuma kwegazi emaphashini (VQ): Kuhlola amahlule egazi emaphashini.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi enze ukuhlolwa kokuhamba ngezinyawo kwemizuzu eyisithupha . Lokhu kuzokala ukuthi ungawubekezelela kangakanani ukuzivocavoca nokuthi ingakanani i-oxygen egazini lakho ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi i-PH yakho incane noma inzima.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH)?

Ukwelashwa kwe-PH kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-PH onayo kanye nezinye izimo zakho zempilo. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olulungele wena. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela ze-PH ezingelashwa ngqo:

• "Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wemithambo yamaphaphu (PAH)"
• "Umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu obangelwa yi-Thromboembolic Chronic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH)"

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-PH zelashwa ngokulawula izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo ezizibangelayo. Ukwelashwa kwe-`Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH):

• Ama-calcium channel blockers: Le mithi isiza ekunciphiseni umfutho wegazi emithanjeni yamaphaphu kanye nasemzimbeni wonke.
• Ama-diuretics ("amaphilisi amanzi"): Asiza ekususeni uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni.
• Ukwelashwa nge-oxygen: Lokhu kungadingeka uma kungekho oxygen eyanele egazini.
• Ama-vasodilator e-pulmonary:Le mithi iphumuza imithambo yegazi emaphashini futhi iyivule kangcono. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi futhi kunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi enhliziyweni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-`CTEPH`:

• Ama-anticoagulant (imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi).
• I-Balloon atrial septostomy (BAS): Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni ezinezinkinga ezinkulu zenhliziyo, kusetshenziselwa futhi ukuqinisa abantu abadala abane-PH kuze kube yilapho kutholakala ukufakelwa amaphaphu.
• I-Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA): Lena inqubo esebenzisa i-catheter ukwandisa imithambo yamaphaphu. Yenzelwa abantu abangakwazi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu.
• Imithi: Umuthi obizwa ngokuthi `i-Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator (SGCS)` ungasiza ekulawuleni ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA): Lokhu ukuhlinzwa. Kususa amahlule egazi emaphashini. Lena yindlela kuphela yokwelapha i-PH ngokuphelele okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, kungenziwa kuphela kubantu abane-CTEPH.

I-PH ebangelwa yisifo senhliziyo noma samaphaphu yelashwa ngokulawula isifo esiyisisekelo, ngakho-ke izinhlelo zokwelapha zingahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu.

Khumbula, udinga ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho bese unquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.

Abanye abantu abane-PH enzima bangadinga ukufakelwa amaphaphu njengesixazululo sokugcina.

Ungayiphatha kanjani imithi ye-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH)?

Ungase uphuze imithi eminingi ye-PH nezinye izimo. Kungaba nzima ukukhumbula konke lokhu futhi ukwenze kahle. Nazi amathiphu ambalwa:

• Yazi amagama ayo yonke imithi oyithathayo nokuthi isebenza kanjani. Bhala uhlu futhi uhlale unalo.
• Thatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Uma ukhohlwa umthamo, ungathathi imithamo emibili ukuze ubuyisele umthamo. Shayela udokotela wakho umbuze ukuthi wenzeni.
• Ungathathi noma yimiphi imithi ethengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Eminye imithi yomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kanye nomkhuhlane, kanye nemithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu, ingabangela izinkinga kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo.
• Ungasebenzisi noma yimuphi umuthi obhalwe ukuthi awufanele abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Ungayeki ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa izithasiselo zamakhambi kanye netiye zamakhambi. Zingase zihlangane neminye imithi oyithathayo.

Uyini umbono womuntu one-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH)?

Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kuya ngokuthi:

• Imbangela ye-PH.
• Indlela lesi sifo esatholakala ngokushesha ngayo.
• Ubunzima bezimpawu.
• Ezinye izifo ezihambisanayo.

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-PH azikwazi ukwelapheka ngokuphelele. Odokotela banikeza imithi yokunciphisa izimpawu, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila, nokulawula ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abane-CTEPH bangelapheka ngokuhlinzwa. Uma kungelashwa, i-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesokudla futhi ekugcineni ibulale. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kungakusiza uphile isikhathi eside futhi ugcine izinga lokuphila elihle.

Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ingozi yokuthola umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Phromonary Hypertension)?

• Ukuchayeka ku-asbestos.
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni wamahlule egazi.
• Ukuba nelungu lomndeni elinomfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-PH).
• Ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme ngaphezu kolwandle.
• Ukubhema nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Eminye imithi esetshenziselwa ukwehlisa isisindo (isib. "fen-phen" - `dexfenfluramine` kanye ne-`phentermine`).
• Eminye imithi yokwelapha umdlavuza kanye nokucindezeleka.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.

Futhi, abantu abanalezi zimo basengozini enkulu:

• Ukuqhekeka kwegazi emithanjeni yamaphaphu.
• Isifo sezicubu ezixhumene.
• 'I-Down syndrome'.
• Isifo seGaucher.
• Isifo senhliziyo.
• `Igciwane lengculazi`.
• Isifo sesibindi.
• Izifo zamaphaphu.

Ingabe i-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) ingavinjelwa?

I-PH ayikwazi ukuvinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezinye izici eziyingozi zingaphezu kwamandla ethu. Uma unezici eziyingozi, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuthile ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho namaphaphu. Unganciphisa ingozi yakho ye-PH ngokwenza konke ongakwenza ukuvimbela noma ukulawula ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.

• Yenza uhlelo lokuzivocavoca. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okuphephile kuwe.
• Landela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo. Gwema ukudla okunosawoti omningi, uwoyela, ushukela, kanye nokudla okwenziwe ngokwenziwa.
• Yeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi. Lezi yizinto ezibangela ingozi enkulu yesifo senhliziyo namaphaphu.
• Phuza imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi nezinye izifo njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele.

Uhlobo luni lokunakekelwa okufanele ngiluthole ngokulandelana?

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokuphatha nokuqapha isimo sakho. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi udinga nini ukuza ukuzohlolwa nokuhlolwa. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu zakho zishintsha. Futhi, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nalokhu:

• Izindlela zokuhlela umndeni nokuthi ukukhulelwa kuphephile yini. Ukukhulelwa kuyingozi kubantu abane-PH.
• Yakha ikhithi yezimo eziphuthumayo. Abantu abane-PH kudingeka bahlale begcina izinto ezithile nolwazi eduze ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba.Buza ukuthi yini ephephile kuwe, ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani imithambo empilweni yakho yansuku zonke, nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele uzigweme.
• Imithi yokugoma yesizini (njengomkhuhlane, i-pneumonia).
• Amaqembu okusekela noma ukwelulekwa. Ungase ube nemizwa ehlukahlukene njengoba ujwayela ukuphila ne-PH.
• Izinhlelo zokuhamba. Kungase kudingeke uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile uma uhamba ngendiza. Kufanele futhi uqaphele lapho uhamba ezindaweni eziphakeme.

Yiziphi izinguquko zokudla okufanele ngizenze?

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza izincomo ezithile. Into ebalulekile ukunciphisa ukudla kwakho usawoti (i-sodium). Lokhu kusho ukuthi:

• Yeka ukufaka usawoti etafuleni bese usebenzisa "usawoti wokufaka izinongo."
• Gwema inyama nenhlanzi ebhemayo, enosawoti, nesemathinini.
• Khetha ukudla okubhalwe ukuthi “usawoti ophansi” (usawoti ophansi).
• Nciphisa ukudla okusheshayo nokudla okuphuzwayo.

Ezinye izinguquko zokudla:

• Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-fiber (okusanhlamvu okuphelele, i-bran, izithelo, imifino).
• Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-potassium (amagilebhisi omisiwe, ubhanana, amawolintshi).
• Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-magnesium (amakinati, i-tofu, i-broccoli).
• Nciphisa ukudla okunoshukela ocolisisiwe, amafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma unemibuzo elandelayo:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungaphezu kuka-120 ngomzuzu).
• Uma unesifo sokuphefumula noma ukukhwehlela okubi kakhulu.
• Uma uvame ukuzizwa unesizungu noma uphelelwe amandla.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki ngomsebenzi womzimba.
• Ukukhathala okukhulu noma ukungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi evamile.
• Ukucanuzela noma ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla.
• Ukungahlaliseki noma ukudideka.
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma unenkinga yokuphefumula lapho uvuka ekuseni.
• Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala okwandayo emaqakaleni, emilenzeni, noma esiswini.
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula ngesikhathi semisebenzi evamile noma ngisho nokuma nje unganyakazi.
• Ukwanda kwesisindo (cishe ikhilo elilodwa ngosuku, noma cishe amakhilo angu-2.5 ngesonto).

Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER)?

Uma kwenzeka into efana nale, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha, noma ushayele u-1990:

• Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kushesha kakhulu (ukushaya okungu-120-150 ngomzuzu) futhi kunganciphisi ijubane.
• Uma ulahlekelwa ingqondo futhi uphelelwa amandla.
• Uma uthatha imithi efakwa emthanjeni efana ne-prostacyclins nge-catheter kaHickman, kunezingozi ezifana nokutheleleka, ukunyakaza kwe-catheter, ukuvuza kwemithi, ukopha, noma ukwehluleka kwephampu ye-IV.
• Uma ukuphefumula okuncane kunganciphi ngisho noma umane umile.
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni ngokuzumayo.
• Uma uzizwa uphethwe yikhanda elibuhlungu ngokuzumayo.
• Uma ngokuzumayo uzwa ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namandla ezithweni zakho.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo obaluleke kakhulu

Ukuxilongwa ukuthi une-Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) kungaba yinto edidayo. Kuthatha isikhathi ukuqonda ukuthi kuyini, kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho, nokuthi uzophila kanjani nakho esikhathini esizayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukwesekwa okudingayo. Bandakanya umndeni wakho nabangani bakho ezinguqukweni zakho zendlela yokuphila. Bazise ngesimo sakho. Futhi, njengoba ujwayela lokhu okuvamile okusha, ungalokothi unqikaze ukucela usizo futhi uthembele kwabanye. Awuwedwa. Ungasiphatha kahle lesi simo ngeseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha kanye nesimo sengqondo esihle. I-Pulmonary Hypertension, PH, I-Pulmonary Hypertension, Isifo Senhliziyo, Isifo Samaphaphu, Ubunzima Bokuphefumula, Isifo Sokuphefumula