Ingabe uhlala uzizwa ukhathele futhi ungenampilo? Esinye isizathu salokhu kungaba ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-anemia ngokwezokwelapha. Uma lokhu kuntuleka kwegazi kwenzeka ngenxa yezimo ezithile zezokwelapha, kungase kudingeke ukuthi umpontshelwe igazi njalo. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngomuthi omusha osuwethulwe emhlabeni ukwelapha izimo ezinjalo. Igama lalowo muthi yiReblozyl.
Uhlobo luni lomuthi iReblozyl?
I-Reblozyl umuthi owavunywa ngo-2019. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, ungowesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi "ama-erythroid maturation agents (EMA)". Kulungile, kulungile, lelo gama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kalula nje, lo muthi usiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi akhiqizwa emnkantsheni wethu wamathambo ukuba "avuthwe", okungukuthi, abe amangqamuzana akhule kahle, anempilo. Lo muthi usetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha i-anemia ebangelwa izifo ezithile zegazi. Ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala abanalezi zifo ezimbili: 1.
I-Beta-thalassemia: Abantu abadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi njalo ngenxa yalesi simo. 2.
I-Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS): Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi ukwehluleka
komnkantshe wamathambo. Ngakho-ke, i-Reblozyl inikezwa nabantu abadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi njalo.
Ake sifunde okwengeziwe nge-beta-thalassemia kanye ne-MDS.
Uma uqonda kancane ngalezi zifo ezimbili, kuzoba lula ukuqonda ukuthi umuthi weReblozyl usebenza kanjani.
- I-Beta-thalassemia: Cabanga ngamaseli abomvu egazini lethu njengezithuthi ezithwala umoya-mpilo. Umoya-mpilo okulesi sithuthi ufakwa kuphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin . Umuntu one-beta-thalassemia akakhiqizi ngokwanele le phrotheni ye-hemoglobin. Ngakho amaseli emzimbeni awatholi umoya-mpilo awudingayo. Yingakho kuvela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo kanye nokuphaphatheka .
- I-Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS): Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala emnkantsheni wethambo. Umnkantshe yifektri eyenza amangqamuzana ethu egazi (amangqamuzana abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe, nama-platelet). Kumuntu one-MDS, ukukhiqizwa kwale fektri kuyaphazamiseka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi aphilile, akhule kahle kuyancipha.
Kuzo zombili lezi zimo, inkinga enkulu ukwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi anempilo futhi asebenzayo, okusho ukuthiI-anemia iyenzeka.
I-Reblozyl isebenza ngokusiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi angakakhuli kahle ukuthi akhule kahle. Lokhu kwandisa inani lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi anempilo, kwandisa amazinga e-hemoglobin, futhi kuthuthukisa ikhono lomzimba lokuthwala umoya-mpilo. Ngenxa yalokho,
ungase udinge ukumpontshelwa igazi kaningi .
Kodwa khumbula lokhu: I-Reblozyl ayithathi indawo yokumpontshelwa igazi. Kumane kuyindlela yokwelapha esiza ekunciphiseni isidingo.
Lomuthi unikezwa kanjani?
I-Reblozyl akuyona iphilisi ongayiphuza ekhaya. Ingumjovo onikezwa
njalo emavikini amathathu . Lo mjovo unikezwa udokotela noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe ehhovisi likadokotela wakho, emtholampilo, noma esibhedlela.
- Indawo yokunikeza umjovo: Lo mjovo uvame ukunikezwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sengalo, ithanga, noma isisu, ngaphansi kwehlombe.
- Ukuthola umuthi wokugoma ngesikhathi: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kothola umuthi wokugoma ngosuku olufanayo udokotela akunikeza lona. Uma uphuthelwa usuku, shayela udokotela ngokushesha bese ucela iseluleko ngosuku olulandelayo.
- Idayari yezimpawu: Kungumqondo omuhle ukubhala phansi izimpawu zakho (njengokukhathala kanye nesiyezi ) encwadini noma ocingweni lwakho nsuku zonke. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuchazela udokotela wakho ukuthi umuthi ukuthinta kanjani.
Umthamo wemithi ozoyinikwa uzonqunywa udokotela wakho ngokusekelwe esisindweni sakho kanye nendlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo emuthini.
Yiziphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona? Ungabhekana kanjani nayo?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-Reblozyl ingabangela eminye imiphumela emibi. Akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela. Ithebula elingezansi libala eminye yemiphumela emibi evame kakhulu nokuthi ungayiphatha kanjani.
| Umphumela Ongemuhle | Indlela yokuphatha |
|---|
| Ukukhathala okukhulu, isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umzimba | Gwema ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini esindayo uze wazi kahle ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena. |
| Ubuhlungu bekhanda, ubuhlungu bemisipha noma bamalunga | Buza udokotela wakho ngemithi yokwelapha izinhlungu engasiza ekunciphiseni lezi zimpawu. Tshela udokotela wakho uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki noma ziba zimbi kakhulu. |
| Isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo (i-flatulence) | Zama ukudla ukudla okuncane kunokudla ukudla okukhulu. Yidla ukudla okuthambile njengesinkwa, ama-crackers, nelayisi. Phuza amanzi amaningi. Uma lezi zimpawu ziba zimbi noma zingathuthuki, tshela udokotela wakho. |
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme | Kubalulekile ukuzivocavoca umzimba nokudla ukudla okunempilo njenge-DASH. Hlola umfutho wegazi lakho njalo. Uma umfutho wegazi wakho uphakeme kuno-180/120 mmHg, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula, Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Buza udokotela wakho kusenesikhathi ngezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba (isib. ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, ukuphelelwa umoya). Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze . |
| Ukuqongelela koketshezi emzimbeni (i-edema) | Uma ubona noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala ezandleni zakho, ezinyaweni, noma emzimbeni, tshela udokotela wakho. Uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo. |
Ingabe kungaba nezinkinga ngeminye imithi?
Yebo. Ukuthatha i-Reblozyl kungabangela izinkinga uma uthatha eminye imithi ethile. Ikakhulukazi, uma uthatha ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini noma amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo, ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi inganda.
Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo, okuhlanganisa naleyo enqunywe odokotela, imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, amavithamini, imithi yendabuko, kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhambi .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Reblozyl umuthi omusha onikezwa njengomjovo wokwelapha i-anemia ebangelwa yizimo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-beta-thalassemia kanye ne-MDS.
- Lokhu kusiza kakhulu amangqamuzana abomvu egazi angakavuthwa ukuthi akhule kahle.
- Lo muthi unganciphisa isidingo sokumpontshelwa igazi njalo, kodwa awuthathi indawo yokunikela ngegazi.
- Lo mjovo unikezwa udokotela noma umhlengikazi njalo emavikini amathathu.
- Imiphumela emibi efana nekhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhathala, kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha ingase ivele. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile.
- Kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo.
I-Reblozyl, i-Anemia, i-Beta-Thalassemia, i-Myelodysplastic Syndromes, i-MDS, ukumpontshelwa igazi, i-Luspatercept, i-hemoglobin
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