Ingabe nawe uthimula njalo? Ingabe uyaklwebha umzimba wakho , uyaklwebha isikhumba sakho ? Noma ingabe unenkinga yokuphefumula uma udla ukudla okuthile noma unuka okuthile? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba . Nakuba abantu abaningi becabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto engathí sina. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-allergy, ukuthi singasithola kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-allergy?
Uma uya kudokotela onalezi zimpawu, uzoqala ngokukubuza imibuzo embalwa. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile.
- Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho: Buza ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho. Isibonelo, uma uthinta uthuli, udla ukudla okuthile, noma uthintana nesilwane esifana nekati.
- Umlando wezokwelapha: Bazozama nokuthola ukuthi kukhona yini umuntu emlandweni wakho noma womndeni wakho oke waba nanoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba noma izimo ezifana ne -asthma .
- Ukubhala idayari: Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ugcine idayari isonto elilodwa noma amabili mayelana nokudla okudlayo, izindawo oya kuzo, kanye nezimpawu ozizwayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'idayari yezimbangela'. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubone izimbangela zokungezwani komzimba.
Ngemva kokuthola lolu lwazi, udokotela angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukungezwani komzimba.
Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kokungezwani komzimba
Ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu okwenziwa njalo ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlatshwa Kwesikhumba: Lena yindlela evame kakhulu esetshenziswa ukuthola ukungezwani komzimba nokuphefumula, ukudla, ukuhlatshwa yizinambuzane , kanye neminye imithi. Kulolu vivinyo, ubeka amaconsi ambalwa oketshezi olwenziwe ngento ocabanga ukuthi ungaba ne-allergy kuyo esikhumbeni sakho bese uyihlaba kancane ngenaliti encane. Ulinda imizuzu engaba ngu-15-20 ukuze ubone ukuthi indawo iba bomvu, ivuvukele, noma iyaluma yini. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu akulona ukuhlolwa okubuhlungu kakhulu.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi : Ngezinye izikhathi kuthathwa isampula yegazi bese ihlolwa. Lokhu kuhlola inani le-IgE, uhlobo lwe-antibody oluqondene ne-allergen, egazini lakho.
Khumbula, imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ingahluka, ngakho udokotela wakho kuphela ongakutshela ngqo ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okufanele wena nokuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-allergies?
Uma sekuqinisekisiwe ukuthi kukhona ukungezwani komzimba, kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha.
Into engcono kakhulu neyokuqala ukugwema izinto ezikubangela i-allergy ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugwema izinto ezifana nothuli nempova , akunjalo? Yilapho-ke sisebenzisa khona imithi.
- Ama-Antihistamine: Uhlobo lwephilisi abantu abaningi abalujwayele futhi abalisebenzisa kakhulu. Lawa asebenza ngokuvimbela isenzo sekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine, ekhiqizwa emizimbeni yethu uma sine-allergy futhi ibangela izinto ezifana nokulunywa , ama-hives , kanye nekhala eligobhozayo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Cetirizine, i-Fexofenadine, ne-Loratadine.
- Ama-Steroids Amakhala: Lena imithi yokuqala odokotela abayincomayo kubantu abane-allergies yamakhala (umkhuhlane we-hay). Le ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside. I-Budesonide (Rhinocort) kanye ne -Fluticasone (Flonase) manje sezitholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.
- Imithi Yama-steroid: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zokungezwani komzimba, udokotela wakho angakunika ama-steroid omlomo, njenge-Prednisone, isikhathi esifushane.
- I-Epinephrine: Lokhu kungokwezimo eziphuthumayo kuphela. Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nokudla okuthile, imithi, noma ukulunywa yizinambuzane kungaba yingozi empilweni. Lesi simo, esibangela izimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, sibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylactic shock. Umjovo obizwa ngokuthi i-epinephrine uyatholakala ukuze usetshenziswe ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezinjengalesi. Ubuyisela ngokushesha umfutho wegazi ophansi futhi uvule izindlela zokuphefumula ezivalekile.
- Imijovo Yokungezwani Nomzimba: Elinye igama lalokhu i-immunotherapy. Lokhu ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Lokhu kuhilela ukukunikeza inani elincane kakhulu le-allergen (isib. impova, izibungu zothuli) njengomjovo isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi ujwayele kancane kancane futhi unciphise ukusabela kwawo. Kungathatha isikhathi esingangonyaka ukubona imiphumela.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-allergies kanye nokwelashwa kwazo okukhethekile
Ukwelashwa okufanayo akusebenzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba. Ngakho ukwelashwa kuzohluka kuye ngohlobo lokungezwani komzimba onalo. Ake sibone ukuthi lokho kusebenza kanjani.
| Uhlobo lokungezwani komzimba | Izinto okufanele zenziwe kanye nokwelashwa |
|---|---|
| Ukungezwani komzimba nesikhumba (Ukungezwani Nesikhumba) | Ama-steroid asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezifana ne-atopic dermatitis kanye ne-contact dermatitis. Ama-antihistamine ngokuvamile anele ezimweni ezifana nama-hives. Ngezinye izikhathi isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-angioedema, esibangela ukuvuvukala kobuso nezindebe, singaba yingozi futhi sidinga ukwelashwa. |
| Ukungezwani komzimba nohlelo lokuphefumula (Ukungezwani Nokuphefumula) | Ama-corticosteroid nasal sprays noma ama-antihistamine asetshenziselwa izimo ezifana nomkhuhlane we-hay. Abanye abantu banikezwa namaphilisi abizwa ngokuthi ama-leukotriene receptor antagonists. Imijovo yokungezwani komzimba nayo isebenza kahle kakhulu kulokhu. |
| Ukungezwani nokudla (Ukungezwani Nokudla) | Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema ukudla okukhulunywa ngakho. Ama-antihistamine ayatholakala uma kwenzeka ukusabela okuncane njengokulunywa kanye namehlo anamanzi. Kodwa-ke, uma ungumuntu onenkinga yokusabela okukhulu (i-anaphylaxis), hlala uphethe imijovo emibili ye-epinephrine oyinikezwe udokotela wakho. Uma ucabanga ukuthi unenkinga yokusabela okukhulu, sebenzisa umjovo ngokushesha bese uya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) noma ushayele isevisi ye-ambulensi ka-1990 ngokushesha okukhulu. |
| Ukungezwani nemithi (Ukungezwani Nemithi) | Uma une-allergy emthini, kuwukuhlakanipha ukugqoka ikhadi noma isongo elisho lokhu. Tshela udokotela wakho njalo ngalokhu uma uthatha umuthi omusha. Ama-antihistamine noma ama-steroid creams anganikezwa izinto ezifana nokuqubuka kwesikhumba. |
| Ukulunywa yizinambuzane (Ukungezwani Nezinambuzane) | Uma une-allergy enkulu ngenxa yokulunywa yizinyosi noma yi-wasp, imijovo yokungezwani komzimba ingasiza ekunciphiseni ubukhali bokusabela. Uma une-reaction enzima, phatha njalo imijovo emibili ye-epinephrine oyinikezwe udokotela wakho. Uma une-reaction enzima ngemva kokulunywa, sebenzisa umjovo ngokushesha bese uya egumbini eliphuthumayo lesibhedlela eliseduze (ETU) noma ushayele isevisi ye-ambulensi ka-1990 ngokushesha okukhulu. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ungazinaki izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba (ukuluma, ukuthimula, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba). Uma ungabaza, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Isivikelo esingcono kakhulu ukwazi kahle ukuthi yini oyizwayo futhi uyigweme ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Imithi efana nama-antihistamine ingasetshenziswa ezinkingeni ezincane zokungezwani komzimba, kodwa kuwukuhlakanipha ukwenza konke ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma unesimo esibi njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala komphimbo/ubuso, noma isiyezi, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma unikezwe i-epinephrine, yisebenzise ngokushesha bese uya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngaso sonke isikhathi mayelana nokungezwani komzimba kwakho ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
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