Kuyini i-Cerebral Palsy? Ake sifundise ingane yakho.

Njengomama noma ubaba, ujabula kakhulu uma ubona ingane yakho ikhula kancane kancane, uma uyibona idlula ibanga elithile ngemva kwelinye, akunjalo? Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lapho ingane yakho iphuza izinto ezifana nokugingqika, ukuhlala, nokuma, uzizwa wesaba kancane. Nakuba ngokuvamile lezi zinto zivamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nesimo sezokwelapha ngemuva kwalokhu njenge-“ Cerebral Palsy”. Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngamazwi alula namuhla.

Kalula nje, kuyini i-cerebral palsy (CP)?

I-Cerebral Palsy, esiyibiza ngokuthi i-CP ngamafuphi, iyiqembu lezimo ezithinta ukunyakaza kwengane, ibhalansi , kanye nokusebenza kwemisipha. Igama elithi "cerebral" lisho okuthile okuhlobene nobuchopho. Igama elithi "Palsy" lisho ubuthakathaka noma inkinga ngemisipha.

Lesi simo senzeka lapho ingxenye yobuchopho elawula ukunyakaza kwemizimba yethu ingakhuli kahle, noma uma kukhona umonakalo kuleyo ngxenye ekuzalweni noma ebuntwaneni. Ngokuvamile, ingane izalwa inalesi simo. Sikubiza ngokuthi "i-congenital CP." Kodwa akuvamile kakhulu, lesi simo singabangelwa nawumonakalo ebuchosheni ngemva kokuzalwa.

I-CP ingahluka kusukela kwencane kuya kwembi kakhulu. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nobunzima bokuhamba nokukhuluma. Iningi lezingane alinazo izinkinga ngobuhlakani bazo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane zingase zibe nokukhubazeka kwengqondo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-CP?

I-CP ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi ingane inyakaza kanjani.

Okuningi mayelana ne-Spastic CP

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luphinde luhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu:

• I-Spastic Diplegia: Lesi yisimo lapho imisipha emilenzeni iqina khona kakhulu. Imisipha emathangeni nasemilenzeni iqina, okwenza amadolo aphendukele ngaphakathi futhi imilenze iphambane njengesikele lapho uzama ukuhamba. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi “isikelo.”
• I-Spastic Hemiplegia: Lokhu kuthinta uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba (kwesokudla noma kwesobunxele). Ingalo nomlenze kulolo hlangothi kungase kube kufushane futhi kube mncane kunolunye uhlangothi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ezinye izingane zizame ukuhamba ngezinzwane zazo . Ezinye zingase zibe nomgogodla ogobile (i-scoliosis).
• I-Spastic Quadriplegia: Lolu uhlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-spastic CP. Luthinta wonke amalungu amane, umzimba, kanye nobuso. Ukuquleka kanye nobunzima bokukhuluma nakho kungase kwenzeke.

Kungani lesi simo senzeka?

Ngokuvamile kunzima ukukhomba imbangela eqondile ye-CP. Kodwa-ke, ingabangelwa yinoma yini ephazamisa ukukhula okuvamile kobuchopho. Lezi zinto zingenzeka ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, noma ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane.

Izizathu eziyinhloko ezingaba khona yilezi:

• Ukutheleleka kumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Ukutheleleka okufana ne-German measles (Rubella), i-chickenpox (Chickenpox).
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi: Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37 zisengozini enkulu.
• Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokuzalwa: Ubunzima ekubelethweni bungabangela ukuthi ubuchopho bomntwana bungabi nomoya-mpilo (i-asphyxia). Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuyona imbangela evamile njengoba kwakucatshangwa ngaphambili.
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho ebuntwaneni: Ukutheleleka kobuchopho njenge-bacterial meningitis.
• Izakhi zofuzo: Ezinye izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo zingathinta ukukhula kobuchopho.
• I-Jaundice Enzima: Uma amazinga e-bilirubin eba phezulu kakhulu ngemva kokuzalwa futhi engelashwa, ingalimaza ubuchopho.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ukubona kanjani?

Izimpawu ze-CP ziyahlukahluka kuye ngengane, ngakho-ke into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinyathelo zokukhula kwengane yakho zibambezeleke. Kodwa khumbula, akuzona zonke izikhathi zokubambezeleka eziba yi-CP. Uma unenkinga, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

I-CP ihlolwa kanjani?

Udokotela wezingane wengane yakho uzoqapha intuthuko yengane yakho kukho konke ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukunyakaza kwengane yakho, ithoni yemisipha, kanye nesimo sayo.

Uma unenkinga ethile, udokotela wakho angase adlulisele ingane yakho kudokotela wezinzwa wezingane. Kungadingeka futhi ukuhlolwa okulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• Ukuskena kobuchopho: Kungenziwa ukuskena kwe -MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) noma i-CT (Computed Tomography) ukuze kubhekwe isakhiwo sobuchopho. I-MRI ingaveza izithombe ezicacile.
• I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Ezinye izingane ezine-CP zingase zibe nokuxhuzula (isithuthwane). Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ukuhlola ezinye izimo zofuzo noma ze-metabolic ezibonisa izimpawu ezifanayo neze-CP.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

I-CP ayikwazi ukwelapheka ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa nokuphathwa okufanele, ingane ingasizwa ukuba iphile impilo engcono kakhulu. Uma ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha, imiphumela iba ngcono. Lokhu kuhilela iqembu labantu abaningi, okuhlanganisa odokotela, odokotela be-physiotherapists, odokotela be-occupational therapists, odokotela be-speaker therapists, nabanye.

Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko:

• Ukwelashwa Komzimba : Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Kunikezwa izivivinyo zokuqinisa imisipha, ukwandisa ukuguquguquka, nokuthuthukisa ibhalansi.
• Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kusiza ingane ukuthi yenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke (isib. ukugqoka, ukudla, ukubhala) ngokuzimela.
• Ukwelapha Ngenkulumo: Kukusiza ukuthi ukhulume, ugwinye, futhi ukhulume ngokucacile.
• Imithi: Imithi inikezwa ukunciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha (imithi yokuphumula imisipha), ukulawula ubuhlungu, kanye nokulawula ukuquleka. Ngezinye izikhathi imijovo ye -Botox emisipheni inganciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha okwesikhashana.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kwamathambo kungadingeka ukuze kwelulwe imisipha eboshiwe kakhulu noma kulungiswe indawo yamathambo.
• Izinsiza Zokuhamba: Abahamba ngezinyawo, izinduku zokusibekela, izihlalo zabakhubazekile, kanye nezinsimbi zokubopha/izinsika ezahlukahlukene kungasiza ngalokhu.

Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?

Nakuba i-CP ingenakuvinjelwa isikhathi esingu-100%, kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi.

• Ukuhlala uphilile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Thola imijovo edingekayo (ikakhulukazi i-Rubella) ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Thola ukudla okunempilo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi ugweme ngokuphelele ukubhema notshwala.
• Ukunakekelwa Okufanele Ngaphambi Kokubeletha: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emitholampilo yezokwelapha evamile kusukela ngosuku othola ngalo ukuthi ukhulelwe.
• Ukuvikelwa ezifweni: Zivikele ezifweni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
• Ukunakekela ukuphepha kwengane yakho: Vimbela izingozi (njengokuwa) ezingalimaza ikhanda lengane yakho.

Ukukhubazeka Kwengqondo, I-CP, Ukwelashwa Kwezingane, Izinkinga Zobuchopho, Ukulibaziseka Kokukhula, Ukwelashwa Ngomzimba, Ukuqina Kwemisipha