Ingabe umzimba wakho ugcwele insimbi? Ake sifunde nge-hemochromatosis.

Ingabe uvame ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi uzwa ubuhlungu bamalunga? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile bese singazinaki. Kodwa lezi zinto zingaba izimpawu zensimbi eningi emzimbeni wethu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye isimo esinjalo, "i-Hemochromatosis". Nakuba leli igama elingajwayelekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngalo.

Kalula nje, kuyini i-hemochromatosis?

I-Hemochromatosis yisimo lapho umzimba wakho uqoqa khona insimbi eningi kakhulu. Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi "ukugcwala kwensimbi." Ngokuvamile, amathumbu ethu amunca kuphela inani lensimbi elidingwa ngumzimba wethu ekudleni esikudlayo. Kodwa kubantu abane-hemochromatosis, umzimba umunca insimbi eningi kunaleyo oyidingayo. Inkinga ukuthi ayikho indlela yokususa le nsimbi eningi. Ngakho umzimba ugcina le nsimbi eningi emalungeni akho nasezithweni ezibalulekile njengesibindi, inhliziyo, kanye ne-pancreas.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi simo.

Lesi simo singahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. 1. I-Primary Hemochromatosis: Lesi yisimo esizuzwa njengefa. Okusho ukuthi, sidluliselwa ngamalungu omndeni ngezakhi zofuzo. Ukuze kube sobala, ukuze ube nalesi sifo, kumele uthole isakhi sofuzo esinephutha kumama wakho nakubaba wakho. 2. I-Secondary Hemochromatosis: Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Isibonelo, lesi simo singavela kubantu abanesimo sezokwelapha esidinga ukumpontshelwa igazi njalo (isib., i-thalassemia) noma kubantu abanezinye izifo zesibindi.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-hemochromatosis?

Izimbangela ezizuzwe njengefa

Izakhi zofuzo ze-HFE zilawula ukuthi umzimba wethu umunca insimbi engakanani ekudleni. Izinguquko ezimbili ku-HFE gene, i-C282Y kanye ne-H63D, zibangela iningi lamacala e-hemochromatosis azuzwe njengefa. Ezinye izakhi zofuzo zingadala nenani elincane lamacala (cishe u-10%-15%). Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi i-non-HFE hemochromatosis. Uma kukhona izinguquko ku-genes njenge-HJV noma i-HAMP, izimpawu zivame ukuvela esemncane. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukulimala kwesibindi kanye ne-cirrhosis kungenzeka kusukela ebuntwaneni.Isimo kungenzeka sivele.

Ezinye izimbangela zangaphandle (Izimbangela Zesibili)

Lolu hlobo luvame ukwenzeka lapho umuntu enesifo esifana nokuntuleka kwegazi okukhulu futhi edinga ukumpontshelwa igazi njalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anikezwa wona avela ngaphandle aqukethe insimbi eningi. Njengoba umzimba ungenayo indlela yokususa le nsimbi, iqala ukunqwabelana. Ukunqwabelana kwensimbi kunganda nalapho isibindi sonakaliswa yizifo ezifana ne-cirrhosis noma i-hepatitis B noma i-C engapheli.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yalokhu?

Uma unezici ezilandelayo, usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-hemochromatosis. Ake sibheke ithebula ukuze sikuqonde kahle lokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hemochromatosis?

Cishe ingxenye yabantu abane-hemochromatosis abanazo izimpawu. Kwabesilisa, izimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-50. Kwabesifazane, izimpawu zivame ukuvela ngemva kweminyaka engama-50, noma ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu eziyinhloko:

• Ubuhlungu bamalunga , ikakhulukazi emalungeni nasemadolweni.
• Ukukhathala okungapheli ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Isikhumba siphenduka sibe bomvu noma sibe nsundu .
• Ubuhlungu besisu .
• Ukuncipha kwesifiso socansi .
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele emzimbeni.
• Ukushintsha kwesilinganiso senhliziyo (ukushaya kwenhliziyo).
• Inkumbulo enenkungu izwakala ididekile kancane, njengobuchopho obunenkungu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi sifo asibonisi lezi zimpawu, kodwa kunalokho siveza njengezinye izinkinga. Isibonelo:

• Izinkinga zesibindi, ikakhulukazi i-cirrhosis
• Isifo sikashukela
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo
• Isifo samathambo
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Erectile

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?

Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimpawu zingabonakala kwezinye izifo, ngezinye izikhathi ukuxilongwa kungaba nzima kancane. Kodwa uma unezimpawu, izici eziyingozi, noma ilungu lomndeni linesifo, udokotela wakho uzosihlola. Nazi ezinye zezindlela eziyinhloko zokuthola lesi sifo:

• Ukubuza ngomlando wezokwelapha wakho nowomndeni wakho: Udokotela uzobuza ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho onalesi sifo, isifo sesibindi, noma isifo samathambo.
• Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Umzimba wakho uzohlolwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okubili okuyinhloko.

1. Ukugcwala kwe-Transferrin: Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ingakanani insimbi eboshelwe ku-transferrin, iphrotheni ethwala insimbi egazini. 2.I-serum ferritin: Lokhu kulinganisa izinga le-ferritin, iphrotheni egcina insimbi emzimbeni. Uma lokhu kuhlolwa kubonisa amazinga aphezulu ensimbi, udokotela wakho angakuthumela ukuthi uyohlolwa izakhi zofuzo ukuze anqume ukuthi unayo yini i-gene ebangela i-hemochromatosis.

• Ukuhlolwa kwesibindi: Kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yesibindi bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo esibindini.
• I-MRI scan: Isebenzisa omaginethi namagagasi omsakazo ukwenza izithombe ezicacile zezitho zakho zomzimba.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Uma une-hemochromatosis ezuzwe njengefa, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko yi- phlebotomy . Kalula nje, lokhu ukususwa kwegazi emzimbeni wakho ngezikhathi ezithile. Kufana nendlela esinikela ngayo ngegazi eSri Lanka. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe ufaka inaliti emthanjeni osengalweni yakho bese esusa inani elithile legazi. Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu ukubuyisela amazinga ensimbi egazini lakho esimweni esijwayelekile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngezingxenye ezimbili:

• Ukwelashwa kokuqala: Kuzodingeka uye esibhedlela noma emtholampilo kanye noma kabili ngesonto ukuze kukhishwe igazi kuze kube yilapho amazinga akho ensimbi ebuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Lokhu kungathatha unyaka noma ngaphezulu.
• Ukwelashwa kokunakekelwa: Uma amazinga ensimbi esebuyele esimweni esijwayelekile, ukuvama kokumpontshelwa igazi kuyancishiswa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kabili kuya kane ngonyaka.

Uma une-hemochromatosis yesibili, noma uma imithambo yakho ingaqinile ngokwanele ukukhipha igazi, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-chelation therapy . Lokhu kuhilela ukukunikeza imithi esiza umzimba wakho ukukhipha i-iron eningi ngomchamo wakho kanye nendle.

Yiziphi izinguquko ezingenziwa ekhaya nasendleleni yakho yokuphila?

Uma wenza i-phlebotomy, ngokuvamile akudingeki ulandele ukudla okuqinile ngoba kusiza ukulawula amazinga akho e-iron. Kodwa-ke, ungenza okulandelayo ukuze unciphise ingozi yezinkinga:

• Gwema utshwala ngokuphelele. Utshwala bungandisa umonakalo wesibindi.
• Gwema ukudla izinhlanzi ezingaphekiwe noma i-shellfish. Zingase zibe namagciwane angabangela izifo kubantu abanezinga eliphezulu le-iron.
• Gwema ukuthatha izithasiselo zevithamini C. Kodwa-ke, akukho nkinga ekudleni ukudla kwemvelo okuqukethe ivithamini C (isib. amawolintshi, ama-tangerines).
• Gwema ukuthatha izithasiselo zensimbi noma amavithamini amaningi aqukethe insimbi.
• Gwema okusanhlamvu kwasekuseni okune-iron eyengeziwe (okuqinisiwe).
• Nciphisa ukudla kwakho okucebile nge-iron (isib., ama-oyster, idada, isipinashi). Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.Lalela futhi uthole okwengeziwe.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• I-Hemochromatosis yisimo lapho i-iron eningi iqongelela khona emzimbeni. Ngokuyinhloko yisimo sofuzo esidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
• Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ukukhathala, ubuhlungu bamalunga, kanye nokushintsha kombala wesikhumba. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazimpawu nhlobo.
• Uma unezimpawu noma othile emndenini wakho enalesi sifo, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze akunike iseluleko.
• Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi (i-Phlebotomy) kungalawula amazinga ensimbi emzimbeni futhi kuvimbele ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba.
• Lesi akusona isimo okufanele sesatshwe. Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye neseluleko, ungaphila impilo evamile nenempilo.

I-Hemochromatosis, Ukugcwala kwensimbi ngokweqile, Isifo sesibindi, Ubuhlungu bamalunga, i-Phlebotomy