E aʻo hou kākou e pili ana i ka maʻi niumonia. Mai makaʻu, e kamaʻilio kākou!

Ke lohe ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo pneumonia, makaʻu iki paha ʻoe, ʻeā? He mea maʻamau ka makaʻu iki ʻana ke lohe ʻoe i nā mea e like me kēia: mucus i loko o ka umauma, paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana . Akā i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio maʻalahi a me ke akahai e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka pneumonia, no ke aha e kū mai ai, pehea e pale aku ai, a me ka mea e hana ai inā kū mai.

He aha ka niumonia?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi ka niumonia i kou mau māmā. Hiki ke hana ʻia e ka bacteria, nā virus, a i ʻole kekahi manawa fungi. Hoʻoulu kēia maʻi i ka pehu ʻana o kou mau māmā, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka mumū . A laila hiki i nā māmā ke piha i ka wai, e like me ka wai , a i ʻole ka pus.

mumū

ʻOi aku ka ʻino o ka niumonia bacteria ma mua o ka niumonia viral. Hoʻopau pinepine ka niumonia viral iā ia iho.

Hiki i ka niumonia ke hoʻopilikia i hoʻokahi wale nō māmā, a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā māmā ʻelua. Ke hoʻopilikia ia i nā māmā ʻelua, kapa mākou ia he niumonia bilateral a pālua paha .

Pehea e ulu ai ka niumonia? He aha nā ʻano?

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria a me ka pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā virus?

E noʻonoʻo wale, ʻoiai ʻo ka niumonia ka maʻi like, ʻokoʻa iki paha nā hōʻailona ma muli o ke kumu (bacteria, virus, a fungus paha).

ʻO ka niumonia bacteria ka ʻano maʻamau o ka niumonia, a hiki ke ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi. Ke hana ʻia kēia, pono paha ʻoe e noho i ka haukapila. Hāʻawi nā kauka i nā lāʻau antibiotic no kēia.

Hoʻokumu ka maʻi niumonia viral i nā hōʻailona like me ke kuni a me ke anu. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, hoʻopau ʻia me ka ʻole o kekahi lāʻau kūikawā.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka maʻi pneumonia

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka niumonia e ke ʻano o ka maʻi i hoʻokumu ai (e like me ka maʻi virus, bacteria, fungus) a me kahi i loaʻa ai iā ʻoe, e like me ke kaiāulu, ma ka haukapila, a ma kahi ventilator paha.

ʻO ka niumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu (CAP)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi niumonia ma waho o kahi hoʻonohonoho mālama ola, e like me ka home a ma ka hana paha, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he niumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu (CAP). Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e:

• Bacteria: ʻO ka bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae (i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he maʻi pneumococcal) ke kumu nui o CAP. Hiki i kēia bacteria ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi pepeiao, nā maʻi sinus , a me ka meningitis. ʻO ka pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae ʻaʻole ia he ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka bacteria Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, a me Legionella (maʻi Legionnaires) ke kumu o CAP.
• Nā maʻi: ʻO nā maʻi e like me ke anu maʻamau, ka maʻi palū, COVID -19 , a me ka RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka niumonia i kekahi manawa.
• Nā ʻūlū/ʻūlū: ʻAʻole pinepine nā ʻūlū e like me `Cryptococcus`, `Pneumocystis jirovecii` a me `Coccidioides` e hoʻoulu i ka niumonia. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka niumonia mai nā ʻūlū.
• Protozoa : He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki i nā protozoa e like me Toxoplasma ke hana i ka maʻi niumonia.

ʻO ka niumonia i loaʻa i ka haukapila (HAP)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi niumonia i kou wā ma ka haukapila no kekahi maʻi a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino ʻē aʻe, ua kapa ʻia ia he niumonia i loaʻa i ka haukapila (HAP). Hiki ke ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka niumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu. ʻO kēia no ka mea ua hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia e nā bacteria i kūʻē i nā antibiotics, e like me MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). ʻO ke ʻano kēia hiki i ka HAP ke hoʻomaʻi iā ʻoe a paʻakikī hoʻi e hoʻōla.

ʻO ka niumonia pili i ka mālama ola (HCAP)

Hiki ke ulu kēia ʻano pneumonia i ka wā e noho ana i loko o kahi hale mālama lōʻihi, e like me kahi home hānai, a i ʻole i ka wā o ka mālama lōʻihi ma kahi hoʻonohonoho outpatient. E like me ka pneumonia i loaʻa i ka haukapila, hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia e ka bacteria i kūʻē i nā antibiotics.

ʻO ka niumonia e pili ana i ka mīkini hanu (VAP)

Inā pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi mea hanu a i ʻole ka mīkini hanu e kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu i loko o ka haukapila (pinepine i loko o ka ʻāpana mālama koʻikoʻi - ICU), aia ʻoe i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o VAP. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e nā bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i ka pneumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu, a me nā bacteria kūʻē i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoulu ai i ka pneumonia i loaʻa i ka haukapila.

ʻO ka pneumonia aspiration (ka maʻi pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka meaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​​​wai e komo ana i ke alaloa)

He ʻokoʻa iki kēia. Ke piʻi aʻe kekahi mea e like me ka meaʻai, nā wai, ka lawai, a i ʻole ka luaʻi i luna o kou ʻōpū hanu (ʻōpū hanu) i loko o kou mau māmā, ua kapa ʻia kēlā he aspiration. Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu i waho , hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi maʻi i loko o kou mau māmā a alakaʻi i ka pneumonia.

He niumonia paha, he anu, a he maʻi palū paha? Pehea ʻoe e ʻike pono ai?

I kekahi manawa, like nā hōʻailona o ke anu, ka maʻi palū, a me ka niumonia, e paʻakikī ai ke ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa. Hiki i ke kauka ke haʻi pololei iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka maʻi. Hiki i ka niumonia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola , no laila pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi:

• Ka ʻūmiʻi a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka umauma.
• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana .
• He kuni o 38.88 kekelē Celsius (102 Fahrenheit) a ʻoi aku paha.
• Ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka huʻa melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a koko paha.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi pneumonia?

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi pneumonia i kēia mau kānaka:

• ʻO nā kānaka ma luna o 65 mau makahiki a me nā keiki ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki.
• ʻO ka poʻe me ka maʻi māmā a i ʻole ka maʻi puʻuwai , e like me ka cystic fibrosis, ka hānō, COPD (ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive mau loa), emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, a i ʻole sarcoidosis.
• ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi neurological e pilikia ai ke ale ʻana. ʻO nā kūlana e like me ka dementia, ka maʻi Parkinson, a me ka stroke e piʻi aʻe ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka aspiration pneumonia.
• Nā kānaka ma ka haukapila a i ʻole kahi mālama lōʻihi.
• Ka poʻe puhi paka.
• Nā makuahine hāpai.
• Nā kānaka me ka ʻōnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali. Inā ʻoe e hana nei i ka chemotherapy no ke kanesa, ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻoili kino, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi HIV/AIDS, a i ʻole ke lawe nei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi ana i ka ʻōnaehana pale kino, e nāwaliwali paha kāu ʻōnaehana pale kino.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka niumonia?

ʻOkoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka niumonia ma muli o ke kumu. Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke ʻano like ʻole mai ka maʻalahi a i ka koʻikoʻi. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona i nā pēpē, nā keiki liʻiliʻi, a me ka poʻe ʻelemakule.

Nā Hōʻailona o ka Pneumonia Bacteria

Hiki i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi niumonia bacteria ke hele mālie a koke paha. Eia nā hōʻailona nui:

• Ke kuni nui (hiki ke piʻi i 40.55 kekelē Celsius a i ʻole 105 kekelē Fahrenheit).
• ʻŪhū me ka phlegm melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a i ʻole ke koko
• Luhi.
• Ka hanu wikiwiki ʻana.
• Pōkole o ka hanu.
• Piʻi ka helu o ka puʻuwai.
• Ke hou nei a i ʻole ke anu nei a me ke kuni.
• ʻEha ka umauma a me/a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ʻoiai i ka wā e ʻū ai a i ʻole e hanu hohonu ana.
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai.
• Polū ke kala o ka ʻili, nā lehelehe, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mākuʻi lima (cyanosis).
• Ka huikau a i ʻole ka loli ʻana o ke kūlana noʻonoʻo.

Nā Hōʻailona o ka Pneumonia Viral

ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia viral i loko o kekahi mau lā. Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me nā maʻi pneumonia bacterial, a i ʻole loaʻa paha iā ʻoe:

• ʻŪhū maloʻo.
• ʻEha poʻo.
• ʻEha ʻiʻo.
• Ka luhi nui a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali.

Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia i nā keiki ʻōpio

ʻAʻole paha e hōʻike nā pēpē ʻōpiopio loa a me nā keiki hānau hou i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi niumonia, a i ʻole he ʻokoʻa paha ko lākou mau hōʻailona mai ko nā pākeke. E nānā i nā mea e like me:

• Kuni, anu, ʻeha nui ka ʻili, ka hou/ʻulaʻula.
• Kuke.
• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka hanu wikiwiki (tachypnea).
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai.
• Ka luaʻi ʻana.
• Ka nele o ka ikehu.
• Ka hoʻomaha ʻole a i ʻole ka uē pinepine ʻana.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia mau hōʻailona i nā pēpē a me nā keiki ʻōpio:

• He leo kohukohu ia ke kani ʻoe i ka wā e hanu ai.
• Hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka mimi ʻana , a i ʻole ka nui o nā diaper pulu.
• Lilo ka ʻili i ke keʻokeʻo.
• Ke nalowale nei ke ola o ke kino.
• Uē nui aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau.
• Hōʻole e inu i ka waiū/ʻai i ka meaʻai.

Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia i nā kānaka ma luna o 65 mau makahiki

ʻO ka poʻe ma luna o 65 a i ʻole ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali e loaʻa paha nā hōʻailona ʻoluʻolu a emi iki paha o ka maʻi pneumonia (e like me ke kuni a me ka hanu pōkole). Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona ʻoi aku ka ʻino o nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka poʻe ʻelemakule ke ʻike:

• Ka loli koke ʻana o ke kūlana noʻonoʻo.
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai.
• Luhi.

He aha ke kumu o ka niumonia?

Hiki mai ka niumonia ke hoʻouka aku kāu ʻōnaehana pale i nā ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi (alveoli) i loko o kou mau māmā ke loaʻa kahi maʻi. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka pehu ʻana o nā māmā a me ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ke wai.

Nui nā ʻano bacteria, virus, a me nā fungi e hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka pneumonia. ʻO nā bacteria ke kumu nui o ka pneumonia i nā pākeke , a ʻo nā virus ke kumu nui i nā keiki kula . Eia kekahi mau maʻi maʻamau e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka pneumonia:

• Anu maʻamau (rhinovirus)
• Covid-19 (`SARS-COV-2`)
• Maʻi palū
• ʻO ka metapneumovirus kanaka (`HMPV - human metapneumovirus`)
• ʻO ka maʻi parainfluenza kanaka (HPIV)
• ʻO ka maʻi Legionnaires
• ʻO ka bacteria pneumonia Mycoplasma
• Maʻi pneumococcal
• ʻO ka maʻi pneumonia pneumocystis
• ʻO ka maʻi syncytial hanu (RSV)

He maʻi laha anei ka niumonia?

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole laha ka niumonia ponoʻī . Akā, he laha nā bacteria a me nā virus e hoʻoulu ai . E noʻonoʻo i kēia ʻano: he maʻi laha ka fiva e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka niumonia. Akā, ʻaʻole nā ​​mea a pau i loaʻa i ke kuni e loaʻa i ka niumonia.

ʻO ka bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae, ka mea pinepine e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi pneumonia, hiki ke laha mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka ma o ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā ʻili i loaʻa i ka maʻi a i ʻole ma o nā kulu liʻiliʻi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka wā e ʻū ai a kihe paha ka mea maʻi.

ʻAʻole laha ka maʻi niumonia fungal. ʻAʻole laha nā maʻi fungal mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka e like me nā virus a i ʻole bacteria.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i ka maʻi pneumonia? (Diagnosis)

No ka ʻike ʻana inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi niumonia, e nīnau ke kauka e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a hana i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino. E hoʻolohe lākou i kou mau māmā me kahi stethoscope, a e hana paha i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me ka lawe ʻana i nā kiʻi (e like me nā X-ray umauma), pulse oximetry (e nānā ana i ka pae oxygen i loko o kou koko), nā hoʻokolohua koko, a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻokolohua sputum.

He mea nui: ʻOiai inā e hōʻoia ke kauka ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi pneumonia, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ke kumu pololei.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia nei no kēia?

Hiki i kāu kauka ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua e nānā i kou mau māmā no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kou mau māmā, a nānā i ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​​​wai kino ʻē aʻe e ʻike ai i ke kumu o kāu pneumonia, e like me:

• Kiʻi: Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi X-ray umauma a i ʻole CT scan e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi māmā.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki i nā hoʻāʻo koko ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i kāu pneumonia.
• Hoʻāʻo sputum: E noi ʻia ʻoe e ʻū a hoʻokomo i kahi sputum i loko o kahi pahu. E hoʻouna ʻia i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā he mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi a me ke kumu o ia mea.
• ʻO ka pulse oximetry: Hoʻohana ʻia kahi sensor e ana i ka nui o ka oxygen i loko o kou koko. Hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi i kāu kauka i kahi manaʻo no ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kou mau māmā.
• ʻO ka moʻomeheu wai Pleural: Lawe ʻia kahi hāpana o ka wai a puni kou mau māmā me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila lahilahi a hoʻouna ʻia i kahi lab e ʻimi ai i ke kumu o ka maʻi.
• Hoʻāʻo kinoea koko arterial: Lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko mai kou pulima lima, lima, a ʻūhā paha e ana i ka pae oxygen i loko o kou koko. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hana maikaʻi o kou mau māmā.
• Bronchoscopy: I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻohana i kahi ʻōmole lahilahi a mālamalama i kapa ʻia he bronchoscope e nānā i loko o nā māmā. Hiki iā lākou ke lawe i nā laʻana ʻiʻo a wai paha e hoʻāʻo ai ma kahi lab.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi niumonia?

ʻO ka lāʻau no ka niumonia e pili ana i ke kumu (bacterial, viral, fungal) a me ke koʻikoʻi o kou kūlana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia ke kumu pololei, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kaohi i nā hōʻailona a me ka pale ʻana i kou kūlana mai ka ʻino ʻana.

Aia paha nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me:

• Nā lāʻau ʻaʻai: Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau ʻaʻai no ka maʻi niumonia bacteria. ʻAʻole lākou e hana kūʻē i nā virus, akā hiki i ke kauka ke hāʻawi iā lākou inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi bacteria me kahi virus.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antifungal: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi maʻi fungal.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antiviral: ʻAʻole pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi pneumonia viral, a hiki ke nalo wale ia. Eia nō naʻe, no ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka lōʻihi a me ke koʻikoʻi o kou maʻi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau antiviral e like me oseltamivir (Tamiflu®), zanamivir (Relenza®), a i ʻole peramivir (Rapivab®).
• Oxygen therapy: Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa ana i ka oxygen lawa, hiki i ke kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka oxygen keu ma o kahi ʻōmole i kau ʻia i loko o kou ihu a i ʻole kahi pale maka i kau ʻia ma kou alo.
• Nā wai intravenous (nā wai IV): ʻO nā wai i hāʻawi pololei ʻia i loko o kahi aa (IV) hiki ke pale a mālama paha i ka dehydration.
• Ka wehe ʻana i ka wai: Inā he nui kou wai ma waena o kou mau māmā a me ka paia o ka umauma (pleural effusion), hiki i ke kauka ke wehe iā ia. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi catheter a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino.

Ke ho'ōla wale nei ka maʻi niumonia?

Hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine ka maʻi pneumonia viral iā ia iho, akā pono ʻoe e hahai mau i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka e mālama i nā hōʻailona a hōʻemi i ka pilikia o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

Nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ka home e hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia

Hiki i kēia mau mea ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu a mālama i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia:

• Nā lāʻau hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha a me nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kuni: Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka ibuprofen (Advil®) a me ka acetaminophen ( paracetamol (Panadol) ®) no ka ʻeha kino a me ke kuni.
• Nā lāʻau hoʻopau ʻū: E nīnau i kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻopau ʻū no ka maʻi niumonia, no ka mea, he mea nui ka ʻū no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā māmā.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau hanu a me nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa: Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e wehe i ka mucus a maʻalahi ka hanu ʻana.
• Ke hoʻohana nei i kahi humidifier:Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e mālama i kahi mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai liʻiliʻi kokoke i kou wahi moe a i ʻole e ʻauʻau i ka mahu. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu maʻalahi.
• E inu i ka wai nui.

ʻEhia ka manawa e ʻoi aku ai koʻu maikaʻi ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou ho'ōla ʻana ma muli o kēia mau mea:

• kou mau makahiki.
• Ke kumu o kou niumonia.
• ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi niumonia.
• Inā he mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe kāu a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia.

Inā olakino maikaʻi ʻoe, pono e hoʻomaka nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia bacteria e hoʻomaikaʻi i loko o 24 a 48 mau hola o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau . Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻoluʻolu i loko o kekahi mau lā o ka lāʻau no ka maʻi pneumonia viral. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​​​e like me ke kuni a me ka luhi, ke mau no kekahi mau pule.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e hiki ai i kahi kanaka me ka maʻi pneumonia ke hoʻolaha i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma hope o ka hoʻōla ʻana?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi pneumonia bacteria, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole ʻoe e laha hou ke pau kou kuni a ua lawe ʻoe i nā lāʻau antibiotic no ʻelua mau lā ma ka liʻiliʻi . Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi pneumonia viral, hiki nō iā ʻoe ke laha a hiki i kou ʻoluʻolu a ʻaʻohe kuni no kekahi mau lā.

Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale aku i ka maʻi niumonia?

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i ka maʻi niumonia, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale kūʻē i nā bacteria a me nā virus e hoʻoulu pinepine ai. Aia kekahi mau hana olakino hiki iā ʻoe ke hahai i kēlā me kēia lā e hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi niumonia.

Nā lāʻau pale no ka maʻi niumonia

ʻElua ʻano lāʻau pale e pale aku ai i ka maʻi pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā bacteria pneumococcal. E like me ka lāʻau pale maʻi flu, ʻaʻole pale kēia mau lāʻau pale i nā ʻano maʻi pneumonia āpau. Akā inā maʻi ʻoe, ʻaʻole ia e koʻikoʻi loa.

• Nā lāʻau pale pneumococcal: Mālama nā lāʻau pale i nā bacteria pneumonia. Manaʻo ʻia kēia no kekahi mau hui makahiki a me ka poʻe i pilikia nui i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pneumonia. E nīnau i kāu kauka i ka lāʻau pale kūpono iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu poʻe aloha.
• Nā lāʻau pale no nā maʻi: ʻOiai hiki i kekahi mau maʻi ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi pneumonia, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale no COVID-19 a me ka maʻi influenza (flu) hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi pneumonia.
• Nā lāʻau pale no nā kamaliʻi: Inā he mau keiki kāu, e nīnau i kā lākou kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau pale ʻē aʻe e pono ai lākou e loaʻa. Kōkua kekahi mau lāʻau pale no nā kamaliʻi i ka pale ʻana i nā bacteria a me nā virus e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi pneumonia.

Nā ala ʻē aʻe e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho mai ka maʻi pneumonia

Ma waho aʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale, hiki i kēia mau ʻano olakino ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka maʻi pneumonia:

• E pale i ka puhipaka a pale i ka pili ʻana i ka uahi lua. Hoʻopōʻino ka puhipaka i kou mau māmā a hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi.
• E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, ma mua o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka meaʻai, a ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua. E hoʻohana i ke kopa a i ʻole kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima i loaʻa ka waiʻona.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi maʻi lele e like me ke kuni, ke anu, a i ʻole COVID-19, e pale i ka launa pū ʻana me lākou a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā lākou mau mea.
• Inā pono ʻoe e noho i loko o ka haukapila a i ʻole kahi keʻena mālama ola ʻē aʻe, mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu mau kauka pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi i kou wā e noho ai.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai kaulike, e hoʻoikaika kino, a e hoʻomaha pono.
• E kiʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi mau maʻi ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kūlana olakino āu e loaʻa ai. Hiki i kēia mau kūlana ke hoʻonāwaliwali i kou ʻōnaehana pale a hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi pneumonia.
• E pale i ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa inā loaʻa ka maʻi pneumonia?

Hiki i ka niumonia ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e pono ai ke mālama ʻia i ka haukapila. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke komo pū me:

• Nā pilikia hanu: Hiki i ka maʻi niumonia ke hoʻoulu i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu a i ʻole kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo 'ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome)'.
• Ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wai a puni nā māmā (pleural effusion).
• ʻO nā bacteria e komo ana i ke kahe koko (`bacteremia`) a i ʻole `sepsis`: Hiki i nā bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i ka niumonia ke komo i ke kahe koko a hoʻolaha i ka maʻi i nā kino ʻē aʻe, e hana ana i ka sepsis a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o nā kino.
• ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka māmā: Hiki i ka niumonia ke hana i nā lua piha i ka pus i loko o nā māmā.

I ka manawa hea e pono ai ʻoe e komo i ka haukapila no ka maʻi pneumonia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi niumonia koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia, pono paha ʻoe e noho i ka haukapila no ka mālama ʻana. ʻOi aku ka nui o kou pilikia e hoʻokomo ʻia i ka haukapila inā ʻoe:

• Inā ʻoe ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 65.
• Inā nāwaliwali ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi.
• Inā he mau maʻi olakino kou e hoʻopilikia ai i ka puʻuwai a me nā māmā.

E hoʻomanaʻo: Inā ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻoe i ka haukapila no ka maʻi niumonia, hiki ke hala ma kahi o ʻeono a ʻewalu pule e hoʻi ai i ka maʻamau.

Nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hoʻomaha ai i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe ka maʻi pneumonia

Eia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e ʻoluʻolu iki ai i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe ka maʻi pneumonia:

• E mālama i kāu mau hōʻailona e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.
• E lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana, no ka manawa piha . Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i nā antibiotics no ka mea ua maikaʻi kou manaʻo. E lawe iā lākou a hiki i kou pau ʻana i ka papa holoʻokoʻa. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻopau i ka papa holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻi hou mai paha kāu pneumonia.
• E lawe i nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kuni (e like me ka aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, a i ʻole naproxen) e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana ma ka lepili. Mai hāʻawi i ka aspirin i nā keiki.
• E hoʻomaha maikaʻi.

Inā i kekahi manawa ke manaʻo nei ʻoe e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka ʻeha, e kāhea koke aku i kāu kauka .

He aha nā hōʻailona e ho'ōla ana ka maʻi niumonia?

I kou hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻōla mai ka maʻi niumonia, e hoʻi mua kou kuni i ka maʻamau. A laila, e ʻike ʻoe e emi ana kou phlegm. ʻO ka manaʻo e hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kekahi o kāu mau hana maʻamau he hōʻailona maikaʻi nō hoʻi ia e hoʻōla ana ʻoe.

Āhea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hele i ka hana a i ke kula paha ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi niumonia?

Inā ua hala kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​ua emi iki, a ke hoʻomaikaʻi nei paha, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi hou i kāu mau hana maʻamau ke ʻole ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona hou a i ʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻino:

• Ka pōkole o ka hanu a i ʻole ka luhi (nele i ka ikaika).
• ʻEha ka umauma.
• ʻO ka phlegm, ke kuni, a i ʻole ke kuʻi.

Inā olakino maikaʻi ʻoe, ua lawa ka manaʻo o ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e hoʻi i kā lākou hana ma mua i loko o hoʻokahi pule. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hala a hiki i hoʻokahi mahina e hoʻōla piha ai.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā ua maʻi mua ʻoe, loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi maʻi mau, a inā paha e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona hou e like me kēia, a inā paha e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o kāu mau hōʻailona:

• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
• Ke kuni a i ʻole ke kuʻi me ka phlegm.
• Luhi.
• Ka loli ʻana o ka makemake e ʻai iki (manaʻo e ʻai iki).

Āhea ʻoe e hele ai i ka lumi pilikia?

I kēia kūlana, e hele koke i ka lumi pilikia, a i ʻole e kelepona iā 1990:

• Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana, a inā paha ua pau kou hanu ʻana ʻoiai ke kū mālie wale nei.
• ʻAʻole pilikia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha umauma hou a inā paha e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka ʻeha e kū nei.
• Inā huikau ʻoe a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo pono.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka maʻi niumonia me ka ʻole o ke kuni?

ʻAe, ʻoiai pinepine ka maʻi niumonia me ke kuni, hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi niumonia me ka ʻole a i ʻole ke kuni haʻahaʻa . ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia e hiki ke hana i nā poʻe:

• No nā poʻe ma luna o 65 a i ʻole ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā pēpē hānau hou a me nā kamaliʻi ʻōpio).
• No ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale maʻi nāwaliwali.

Aia kekahi ʻokoʻa i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka niumonia i nā keiki ʻōpio?

ʻAʻohe ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka niumonia i nā keiki ʻōpio. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā keiki ʻōpio i ka maʻi nui ʻana me ka niumonia a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana i ka haukapila no ka mālama ʻana ma mua o nā pākeke.

No ka mea, he nui nā kumu o ka maʻi niumonia a he ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona, ​​hiki ke huikau iki ke noʻonoʻo. He mea maʻamau nō hoʻi ke makaʻu i ka wā e noʻonoʻo ai ʻoe inā he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi kāu mau hōʻailona. ʻAʻole loa ʻoe e hoʻowahāwahā i nā hōʻailona e like me ke kuni nui, ka phlegm koko a i ʻole ke kala ʻē, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana. Ke haʻi aku nei kou kino iā ʻoe ua hewa kekahi mea, no laila mai hoʻokaʻulua i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka ʻōlelo aʻo lapaʻau.

He Leka Lawe-Home nou

He maʻi koʻikoʻi ka niumonia i kekahi manawa. Akā me ka ʻike pono a me ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa kūpono, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻōla maikaʻi . ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona a ʻike koke i ke kauka inā he mau hopohopo kāu.

• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana: e loaʻa ka lāʻau pale, e hahai i nā hana olakino.
• E makaʻala i nā hōʻailona: ʻoiai ke kuni, ka ʻū, a me ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana.
• E hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka: E lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha, no ka manawa piha.
• He mea nui ka hoʻomaha: Hāʻawi i kou kino i ka manawa e ho'ōla ai.

Inā he mau nīnau hou aku kāu a i ʻole kekahi o kou ʻohana e pili ana i ka maʻi niumonia, mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio me ke kauka. E kōkua lākou iā ʻoe.