Kua whakaaro koe me pēhea koe e pā ai ki ngā kare ā-roto pēnei i te pouri, te harikoa, te riri rānei? He aha rānei ētahi maharatanga ka mau tonu ki a koe, ko ētahi ka memeha haere? I ētahi wā, ka kitea e koe ngā whakaaro e puta ake ana ki roto i tō hinengaro, kāore he take e kitea ana? I tēnei rā, kei te tūhuratia e tātou tētahi pūnaha iti engari tino kaha i roto i tō roro e whai pānga ana ki ēnei mea katoa: te Pūnaha Limbic.
He aha te Pūnaha Limbic? He māmā noa iho…
Ki te kī ngāwari, ko te pūnaha limbic he rōpū hanganga honohono i roto i tō roro e mahi tahi ana pērā i tētahi tīma motuhake. Ko tā rātou mahi matua he whakahaere i ō kare ā-roto me ō whanonga . Haunga tēnā, ko te pūnaha limbic te kaiwhakahaere i tō mahara, i ō tukanga whakaaro, me tō hihiri, me te ārahi i tō tinana ki te aro atu ki te ao e karapoti ana i a koe. He tino whakamīharo, kāore?
Whakaarohia te pūnaha limbic hei tētahi o ngā wāhanga tawhito rawa o tō roro. Kei roto ngā kare ā-roto i whakawhirinakihia e ō tātou tūpuna mō te oranga tonutanga, pērā i:
- Te hiahia ki te kai ina hiakai, ki te inu rānei ina matewai.
- Te hihiri mō te whānautanga.
- Te ngākau pono ki te manaaki me te tiaki i ngā uri.
- Ko te pūtake o te urupare "whawhai, rere rānei" ina tūtaki koe ki tētahi tūmomo mōrearea i tō taiao.
He maha ngā kawenga o te pūnaha limbic. Hei tauira, ka āwhina i te whakahaere i ō maharatanga, ā, ka taea e koe te ako mai i ngā wheako o mua. Ka pupuri hoki i a koe kia aro nui, kia hihiri hoki ki te whai i ō whāinga.
He aha i huaina ai te Pūnaha Limbic ko te "Pūnaha Io Kare ā-roto"?
Nā te hononga hohonu i waenga i tō oranga tinana me tō oranga hinengaro, ka kiia te pūnaha limbic ko te " pūnaha io kare ā-roto".
Whakaarohia tēnei: ina hiakai koe, ka hiahia koe ki te kai. Ina kai koe i tāu kai tino pai, ka rongo koe i te harikoa me te makona—ko tō pūnaha limbic te kaiwhakawhitiwhiti i taua kare ā-roto. Hei tāpiri, ina pāngia koe e te ahotea nui—i mua pea i te whakamātautau, i te raruraru mahi rānei—ka piki ake pea tō tere o te ngakau, ka piki ake hoki tō toto toto . Kei te mahi tō pūnaha limbic, e whakahaere ana i tō whakahaere kare ā-roto , i konei. Ko te tikanga, ka pā ō whakaaro ki tō tinana, ā, ka pā tō āhua tinana ki ō kare ā-roto; ko te pūnaha limbic te piriti i waenganui i a rātou.
He aha te hononga i waenga i te pūnaha limbic me ngā mahi hinengaro teitei?
Ko te "mahi hinengaro teitei" e pā ana ki ngā mahi uaua e hiahia ana kia mahi tahi ngā wāhanga maha o te roro. Hei tauira, ina kōrero koe, ina maumahara koe ki ngā kōrero, ina whakahaere koe i ō kare ā-roto, ina whakamahere koe mō te heke mai, ina whakatau rānei koe, kei te whakamahi koe i ēnei mahi teitei. Ka mahi tahi te pūnaha limbic me ētahi atu wāhanga roro kia taea ai ēnei mahi nui o ia rā.
Nā, he aha ngā mahi matua a te pūnaha limbic?
Kia tirohia ētahi o ngā mahi matua a te pūnaha limbic:
- Te tautuhi, te tukatuka, me te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto (hei tauira, te harikoa, te pōuri, te wehi, te riri).
- Te whakahaere i ō whanonga .
- Te whakaputa hihiri hei whakaoti i ngā mahi.
- Te hanganga mahara me te whakahoki mai i ngā mahara kua rongoatia.
- Tautoko i te pūnaha io motuhake , e whakahaere ana i ngā mahi ā-tinana pēnei i te tere o te manawa, te toto toto, me te pāmahana o te tinana .
He aha tonu te mea e whakahaerehia ana e te pūnaha limbic?
E mōhio ana tātou inaianei he mea nui te pūnaha limbic mō te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto me ngā whanonga i runga i ngā urunga o te taiao. Ka whiwhi ia i ngā mōhiohio, ka tātari, ka ako mai i aua mōhiohio, ā, ka tīmata i tētahi urupare. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a tātou ki te whakahaere i:
- Te āhua o tā tātou urupare ā-hinengaroki ngā āhuatanga rerekē, ki ngā whakaurunga ā-pūoro rānei (hei tauira, te peke i te wehi i te haruru nui).
- Ngā kare ā-roto o te hiakai me te matewai .
- Ngā urupare mamae me te ahuareka .
- Te whakaohooho ira tangata .
Kei hea te pūnaha limbic i roto i te roro?
Kei roto rawa i te roro te pūnaha limbic, tata ki waenganui, he āhua rite ki te ringa kua pūmau. Kei te rohe i waenganui i te kakau roro me te cerebral cortex (te paparanga o waho o te roro). Ko te kupu "limbic" i ahu mai i te kupu Latina ko te tikanga "rohe" "tapa" rānei.
He aha ngā wāhanga matua e whā o te pūnaha limbic?
E whā ngā hanganga matua o te pūnaha limbic, he mahi motuhake tā ia hanganga:
1. Hypothalamus: Ahakoa he iti, he mea nui. Ka whakahaere i te hanga o ngā homoni , ka whakahaere i te moe, te wairua , te hiakai, te matewai, te hiahia moepuku, te toto totoka, te pāmahana tinana, me te tere o te manawa.
2. Amygdala: Whakaarohia tēnei hei pokapū kare ā-roto, e tino kawenga ana mō ngā kare ā-roto o te manukanuka, te riri, me te wehi. Ka āwhina hoki ki te mahara me te whakamārama i ngā tohu pāpori. Ina titiro mai tētahi ki a koe i tētahi "titiro rerekē," ko te kare ā-roto e puta ana i a koe he mea nā te amygdala.
3. Te Thalamus: Ko te thalamus te teihana tuku kōrero mō te roro. Ka haere tuatahi ngā whakaurunga tairongo (tirohanga, oro, reka, pā—haunga te kakara) ki konei i mua i te tukuna ki ngā wāhi tika o te roro. He hononga hohonu ki te mahara, te whakamahere, me ngā urupare kare ā-roto.
4. Hipocampus: Ko tana mahi matua ko te waihanga i ngā maharatanga hou. Ka āwhina i a koe ki te maumahara ki ngā wheako me ngā mōhiotanga hou. Ki te kore te hippocampus e mahi tika, ka tino uaua te pupuri i ngā maharatanga hou.
He aha te hononga i waenga i te pūnaha limbic me tō kakara?
Ka tukatukahia tō kakara e te pūwero kakara. Ahakoa ehara i te wāhanga noa iho o te pūnaha limbic, ka tukuna tika ngā tohu kakara—he rerekē i ētahi atu tohu pūngāwerewere—ki ngā wāhanga o te pūnaha limbic. Koinei te take ka taea e ētahi kakara te whakaoho i ngā maharatanga ora tonu, ngā kare ā-roto motuhake rānei (pēnei i te harikoa, te pouri rānei). Hei tauira, mā te hongi i tētahi kakara i mau i tētahi hoa tawhito ka taea tonu te whakamahara i a rātou; nā tēnei ara ahurei tēnei ka puta.
He aha ngā āhuatanga hauora noa e pā ana ki te pūnaha limbic?
He maha ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro me ngā mate e pā ana ki te mahara e hono ana ki te pūnaha limbic. Anei ētahi āhuatanga noa:
- Te mate a Alzheimer: Ka pakaru te hippocampus i tēnei āhuatanga, ka nui te ngaronga o te mahara.
- Ngā mate manukanuka: Ko ēnei āhuatanga, e tohuhia ana e te wehi nui me te manukanuka, e hono tata ana ki te mahi a te amygdala.
- Te pouri: Ko te pouri tonu me te kore hiahia ki ngā mahi he mea e pā ana ki te kore taurite o te pūnaha limbic.
- Mate ahotea muri-trauma (PTSD): He mahi nui tā te pūnaha limbic i roto i tēnei āhuatanga, ka puta ake i muri i tētahi huihuinga tino pouri, mamae rānei.
- Te Hauātanga: Ko tēnei āhuatanga hauora hinengaro uaua, e pā ana ki tō kaha ki te wehewehe i te mooni, e hono ana hoki ki ngā huringa hanganga me ngā huringa mahi o te pūnaha limbic.
- Taumahatanga: Ka pā kino pea te ahotea roa, mau tonu ki te mahi whānui o tō pūnaha limbic.
- Te mate whakamahi matū (SUD): Nā te mea ka taea e ngā matū te whakaohooho nui rawa i ngā "ara utu" i roto i te pūnaha limbic, ka taea e rātou te arahi ki ngā tauira whakawhirinaki, waranga rānei.
He aha ngā tohu o ēnei āhuatanga?
Ina pāngia tētahi wāhanga o tō pūnaha limbic, ka kite pea koe i ngā tohu e whai ake nei:
- Ngā panonitanga o te wairua: Te riri pinepine, te pahūtanga ohorere o te riri, te mau tonu rānei o te wehi me te pouri.
- Ngaronga o te mahara: He uaua ki te hanga maharatanga hou, ki te maumahara rānei ki ngā mahi o mua.
- Ngā raruraru moe: He nui rawa te moe, he uaua rānei ki te kore moe.
- Ngā huringa whanonga: Te kite i ngā tauira rerekē, i ngā panonitanga rānei o ō whanonga kāore e kitea whānuitia ana e koe.
Me pēhea te aromatawai i te hauora o te pūnaha limbic?
Mena kei te pāngia koe e ēnei tohu, tēnā whakapā atu ki tētahi tohunga hauora. Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia e rātou ēnei aromatawai hei whakaū i te mate:
- Whakamātautau io: He aromatawai tinana hei tirotiro i te mahi a tō pūnaha io.
- Whakamātautau hinengaro-ira: He whakamātautau hei aromatawai i tō mahara, tō aro, ō pūkenga reo, me ētahi atu mahi hinengaro.
- Aromatawai hinengaro: He aromatawai ngaio mō tō āhua hauora hinengaro o nāianei.
- MRI (Whakaahua Āhua Aukume): He matawai e whakamahia ana hei tiki whakaahua taipitopito o tō roro hei tirotiro i ngā huringa hanganga.
He aha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga mō ngā raruraru o te pūnaha limbic?
Ko ngā maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki tāu mate motuhake, engari ko te nuinga o te wā ko:
- Rongoā: He rongoā nā te tākuta hei āwhina i te whakahaere i ō tohumate.
- Te tohutohu, te whakaora rānei: Te mahi tahi me tētahi tohunga hinengaro, kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro rānei, hei aro atu ki ō āwangawanga me te whakahaere.
- Ngā tikanga whakangā: Ngā mahi pēnei i te yoga me ngā mahi manawa hōhonu hei āwhina i te whakahaere i te ahotea.
- I ngā wā tino kino, ka whakaarohia pea ngā wawaotanga motuhake pēnei i te Whakaoho Roro Hōhonu (DBS) .
Me pēhea e taea ai e koe te pupuri i te hauora o tō pūnaha limbic?
E ai ki tā tātou i kōrero ai, ko tō pūnaha limbic te piriti i waenganui i tō oranga tinana me tō oranga hinengaro. Hei tautoko i tōna hauora, ka taea e koe te:
- Kai i tētahi kai totika, taurite hoki .
- Whakakorikori tinana i ia wā .
- Whakapaua he wā kounga ki te hunga e arohaina ana .
- Whai wāhi atu ki ngā mahi e pārekareka ana ki a koe .
- Āta karohia te whakamahi kino i ngā matū , i ētahi atu matū kino rānei.
- Whakapaua he wā ki te okioki ina pāngia koe e te ahotea, e te taumahatanga rānei.
- Me whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te maimoatanga tika mō ngā āhuatanga hauora e pā ana ki a koe .
- Kaua e mangere ki te rapu tohutohu mai i tētahi tohunga hauora hinengaro ina hiahiatia.
Kia maumahara, he rite tonu te hiranga o tō hauora hinengaro ki tō hauora tinana!
He tautohetohe kei te pā ki te pūnaha limbic?
Āe, kei te haere tonu te kōrero pūtaiao. E kī ana ētahi kairangahau, i tua atu i ngā wāhanga matua e whā i kōrerohia e tātou, me whakauru atu ētahi atu rohe ki te pūnaha limbic, pēnei i:
- Ngā ganglia turanga: E kiia ana ko tō tātou "pokapū tukatuka utu," e uru ana ki ngā kare ā-roto, ngā nekehanga, me te ako.
- Te cingulate gyrus: He mea nui mō te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto me ngā whanonga pāpori.
- Te kiriuhi insula: He mea nui mō te rongo i ngā āhua o roto o te tinana (hei tauira, te tere o te manawa ina mataku).
- Orbitofrontal cortex: Ka hono i ngā pokapū utu ki āu mahi hei āwhina i te whakatau mēnā he tika te mahi.
- Te cortex entorhinal: He mea nui ki te hanganga o ngā maharatanga.
Kāore anō kia whakaaetia whānuitia i tēnei wā mēnā e ōrite ana ēnei wāhanga ki te whakamāramatanga pakari o te "pūnaha limbic." Nō reira, he maha ngā tohunga hauora e pai ake ana ki te kī i ēnei rohe roro mā ō rātou ingoa motuhake, kaua ki te whakamahi i te kupu whānui "pūnaha limbic."
Ngā Whakaaro Whakamutunga
Hei whakamutunga, he wāhanga whakamīharo, he wāhanga nui hoki o tō roro te pūnaha limbic e whakarite ana i te hononga i waenga i ō kare ā-roto, ō maharatanga, me ō whanonga. Kei te kitea tonutia e ngā kairangahau ngā māramatanga hou mō te mahi a tēnei pūnaha. Mena he pātai āu mō te hauora o tō roro, me pēhea rānei te pupuri i a ia, tēnā kōrero ki tētahi tohunga hauora i Nirogi Lanka. Nā te mea, he tino uaua, he tino mīharo hoki te roro tangata!
Ngā Tohuwāhi: Pūnaha limbic, mahi roro, kare ā-roto, mahara, hauora hinengaro, pūnaha io, kare ā-roto
