Whakaarohia kua hoki mai koe i tētahi haerenga, ki tētahi wāhi e tata ana ki tētahi ngahere pārūrū, ki tētahi ngahere rānei. I muri i ētahi rā, ka tīmata koe te māuiui—te kirika nui, te wiri me te makariri, me te mamae o te tinana... Ahakoa e whakaarohia ana e koe he rewharewha noa, tera pea he mea kino ake. I tēnei rā, e kōrero ana tātou mō te malaria, he mate e kawea ana e te namu, ā, ka mate pea mēnā kāore e rongoā wawetia.
He aha rawa te malaria?
He māmā noa iho, he mate te malaria e puta mai ana i te pirinoa. Ka uru tēnei pirinoa ki roto i tō tinana ina ngaua koe e te waeroa kua pangia. Ka tino morearea pea mēnā kāore e rongoatia.
Ahakoa he maha ngā rohe kua kaha ki te whakakore i te malaria, he mea nui kia noho mataara tonu. Mena kei te haere koe ki ngā whenua o Āwherika, ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia, ki ētahi atu rohe rānei he nui te mōrearea o te malaria, kei roto koe i te mōrearea. Ko te whai mōhiotanga te huarahi pai ki te noho haumaru.
He aha te take o te malaria?
Ko te mate malaria he rōpū pirinoa e kiia nei ko Plasmodium . Ka horahia ēnei ki te tangata mā te ngau a te waeroa wahine Anopheles kua pangia. Ina ngau koe e te waeroa kua pangia, ka uru ngā pirinoa ki roto i tō toto mā roto i tōna huware.
He maha ngā momo Plasmodium e hua ai te malaria tangata. Me titiro tātou ki a rātou.
| Ngā Momo Parata | Ngā Taipitopito Matua |
|---|---|
| Plasmodium falciparum | Koinei te momo tino morearea . Ka tere te horapa, ka puta he raruraru nui pērā i te malaria roro, ka mate pea mēnā kāore e rongoā tonutia. |
| P. vivax | Ka noho puku pea tēnei pirinoa i roto i tō ate, ā, ka hoki anō pea te mate mō ngā marama, mō ngā tau rānei i muri i te mate tuatahi. |
| P. ovale | He rite ki te P. vivax, ka taea hoki e ia te noho ki roto i te ate, ā, ka puta anō ngā tohumate. |
| P. malariae | Ki te kore e rongoatia, ka hua ake he mate pūmau, mō te wā katoa. |
| P. Knowlesi | Ka kitea nuitia tēnei momo i roto i ngā makimaki, ā, ka taea hoki e ia te pangia te tangata, ā, ka tere tonu te horapa o te mate kino—i ētahi wā i roto i te 24 hāora. |
Me pēhea te horapa o te malaria?
Ko te nuinga o te wā, ka horapa te malaria mā te ngau a te waeroa uwha Anopheles kua pangia.
He mea nui kia mōhiotia: Kāore te malaria e horapa pērā i tete makariri noa , te rewharewha rānei. Kāore e taea te horapa mā te pā noa, te tihe, te kōrero rānei ki tētahi e pangia ana e te mate.
Heoi, i ētahi wā onge, ka horapa pea mā:
- Ngā whakawhiti toto mai i tētahi kaituku kua pangia.
- Ngā whakawhitinga okana mai i tētahi kaituku kua pangia.
- Te tohatoha ngira , ngā pūwero rānei kua poke .
- Mai i te whaea hapū ki tana pēpi i mua atu i te whānautanga, i te wā rānei e whānau ana.
He aha ngā tohu o te malaria?
Ko te tikanga ka puta ngā tohu i roto i ngā rā 10–15 i muri i te ngau a te mate, ahakoa ka roa ake te wā. Nā te mea he rite tonu ēnei tohu ki ētahi atu kirika, ka ngāwari te pohehe.
Ko ngā tohu matua ko:
- Te kirika nui
- Te makariri me te wiri
- Te werawera nui
- Ānini
- Te ruaki me te whakapairuaki
- Mamae uaua me ngā hononga
- Korere
- Ngenge
Ki te kaha haere te mate, tera pea ka pāngia koe e ngā tohumate e morearea ana ki te ora. Kaua e whakaroa mēnā ka kite koe i ēnei.
| Ngā Tohumate Morearea | Mahi e hiahiatia ana |
| Ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ēnei āhuatanga, haere tonu ki te tari whawhati tata. He āhuatanga whawhati hauora tēnei e morearea ana ki te ora. |
Me pēhea te tautuhi a ngā tākuta i te mate malaria?
Ina kite koe i tētahi kaiwhakarato hauora, ka kōrero rātou mō ō tohu me tō hītori haerenga tata nei. Tērā pea ka tonoa e rātou he whakamātautau hei whakaū i te mate:
- Te Pania Toto: Te whakamātautau paerewa koura. Ka tirohia he tauira toto i raro i te karuārai i roto i te taiwhanga hei tautuhi i te aroaro me te momo pirinoa.
- Whakamātautau Tātaritanga Tere (RDT): He rite ki te whakamātautau antigen, ka puta he hua tere i roto i ngā meneti, ahakoa ka whakaūtia i te nuinga o te wā mā te whakamātautau toto whai muri.
- Whakamātautau PCR: Ka kitea te DNA o te pirinoa i roto i tō toto, ā, he tino tika hoki ki te tautuhi i te momo motuhake o te pirinoa.
Te Maimoatanga me te Ārai
Me pēhea te rongoā?
Mena ka kitea he mate malaria tōu, ka tohua e tō tākuta he mahere maimoatanga tika. Ko te rongoā ka whakawhirinaki ki te momo pirinoa, te kaha o te mate, me tō hauora whānui.
Ko te mea nui, me whakaoti te rongoā katoa kia rite ki te whakahaunga a tō tākuta. Kaua rawa e whakamutu wawe i tō maimoatanga, ahakoa kua pai ake tō āhua.
Me pēhea taku noho haumaru?
He pai ake te ārai i te rongoā. Hei tiaki i a koe mai i te malaria:
- Whakamahia ngā Kupenga Moenga: Ko te moe i raro i tētahi kupenga waeroa kua rongoatia ki ngā patu ngārara tētahi o ngā huarahi tino whai hua hei ārai i ngā ngau.
- Mauria he Kākahu Ārai: I waho, ina koa i te ahiahi me te atatu, mauria he hāte ringaringa roa me he tarau roa.
- Whakamahia ngā ārai pepeke: Tāpirihia ngā ārai pepeke kei roto ko te DEET, ko te Picaridin rānei ki te kiri e kitea ana.
- Tohutohu Haere: Mena kei te haere koe ki tētahi rohe mōrearea, me kōrero ki tō tākuta i mua . Tērā pea ka tohua e rātou he rongoā ārai mate (prophylaxis) hei tango i mua, i te wā, me muri i tō haerenga.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- He mate pirinoa te malaria e horahia ana e ngā ngau namu kua pangia.
- Ko ngā tohu he maha ngā wā ko te kirika nui, te makariri, me te werawera nui.
- Ki te puta ngā tohu i muri i te haerenga ki tētahi wāhi mōrearea, rapua tonutia he tohutohu hauora .
- Rapua he awhina ohorere mēnā ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu kino pēnei i te pōhēhē, te haurangi, te uaua rānei o te manawa.
- Ko te ārai pai rawa atu ko te karo i ngā ngau a te waeroa mā te whakamahi i ngā kupenga moenga, i ngā kākahu tiaki, me ngā ārai pepeke.
Malaria, mate kawe namu, Plasmodium, Anopheles, ngā tohu malaria, maimoatanga malaria
