Me kōrero tāua mō te Mate Auau Whai Muri i te Whara (PTSD)?

Whakaarohia kua pā ki a koe tētahi āhuatanga mamae kāore anō kia pā ki a koe i mua. Tērā pea he aituā motuka nui, he āhuatanga taiao, he matenga ohorere rānei o tētahi e arohaina ana e koe. I muri i te āhuatanga, tera pea ka pōuri koe, ka manukanuka, ka pōuri hoki. I ētahi wā ka hoki anō koe ki te wheako i te āhuatanga, me te mea kei te tupu anō. Koinei te mea ka kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā, e kiia nei ko te Mate Ahotea Muri i te Mamae (PTSD). He mea tēnei ka pā ki te tini o te tangata, nō reira he mea nui kia mōhio ki tēnei.

He aha noa iho te PTSD?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, he mate hinengaro te PTSD ka pā ki ētahi tāngata i muri i te pānga o tētahi huihuinga kino, mamae hoki. Tērā pea i mōrearea te ora o tēnei huihuinga, i pā nui rānei ki tō oranga tinana me tō oranga hinengaro. Ka pā te PTSD ki te tangata o ngā tau katoa, mai i ngā tamariki nohinohi ki ngā pakeke.

Ka pāngia te tangata whai PTSD e ngā whakaaro me ngā kare ā-roto kaha, whakapouri e pā ana ki te huihuinga mamae. Ka taea tonu tēnei te haere tonu i muri i te putanga mai o te huihuinga. Ka taea e te PTSD te whakaputa i ngā tohu e pā ana ki te ahotea pēnei i:

• Te pōuri tonu, te māharahara , te whakama rānei .
• Te āhua kei te tupu anō te kaupapa (ngā maharatanga ki muri) te moemoeā rānei mōna.
• Te karo i ngā wāhi, ngā mea me ngā mahi e pā ana ki taua huihuinga.

Ka taea e ēnei tohu te whakararu i te ahotea, ā, ka whakararuraru hoki i tō kaha ki te mahi i ngā mahi o ia rā .

He aha te mea he huihuinga mamae?

Ko te whara , he aituā morearea rānei, he mea e tino mōrearea ana ki tō oranga, ki tō haumaru rānei. Kāore e tika kia kotahi noa te aituā (pēnei i te aituā motuka kotahi noa iho). Ka taea hoki te waiho hei whara roa . Whakaarohia ngā mea pēnei i te noho i te wā o te pakanga, te pāngia rānei e te tutu ā-whare.

Ā, kāore tēnei mamae e tika kia pā tika ki a koe. Tērā pea kua kite koe i tētahi huihuinga whakamataku ki ō kanohi ake. Tērā pea ka pāngia koe e te PTSD i muri i te rongonga kua pā tētahi mea kino ki tētahi e tata ana ki a koe.

Anei ētahi tauira o ngā huihuinga morearea:

• Ngā aituā kino (hei tauira, he aituā motuka kino).
• He whara tinana kino, he mate kino ohorere rānei.
• Pakangame ngā pakanga hōia (he wheako anō hoki tēnei mō te iwi o tō tātou whenua).
• Ngā āhuatanga ā-taiao (hei tauira, ngā tsunami, ngā rū whenua, ngā waipuke , ngā ahi ngahere).
• Te tukino tinana.
• Te mahi kino (te riri tonu, te whakawehi).
• Te whakaeke ā-ira tangata, te tukino rānei.
• Te tukino i te kura, i te wāhi mahi rānei.
• Te matenga ohorere o tētahi e arohaina ana.

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He momo PTSD kei reira?

Āe, e rua atu anō ngā āhuatanga e tino rite ana ki te PTSD.

• Mate ahotea whakapeka: He mate hinengaro poto tēnei ka puta i roto i te marama tuatahi i muri i tētahi huihuinga mamae. Heoi, ki te roa ake ngā tohu i te whā wiki, tera pea he PTSD.
• PTSD Matatini (CPTSD): Ka puta tēnei āhuatanga ina pāngia koe e te whara mō te wā roa. Hei tauira, te tukino tinana, te tukino ā-ira rānei i a koe e tamariki ana, te tutu ā-whare mō te wā roa, te pakanga rānei. Ko te hunga whai CPTSD he maha ngā raruraru nui ki te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto , te whakaaro ki a rātou anō, me te whanaungatanga ki ētahi atu, hei tāpiri atu ki ngā tohu o te PTSD.

He pēhea te noa o tēnei āhuatanga?

He mate tino noa te PTSD. I waenga i te 5% me te 10% o te hunga e pāngia ana e tētahi huihuinga mamae ka pāngia e te PTSD. Ko te tikanga, kāore e pā ki te katoa, engari he maha ngā tāngata e pāngia ana.

He aha ngā tohu o te PTSD?

Kia taea ai e te tākuta te tātaritanga i te PTSD, me roa ake ngā tohu mō te neke atu i te kotahi marama. Me whakararuraru hoki ngā tohu i a koe, me whakararuraru rānei i ō mahi o ia rā.

Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā tohu PTSD ki ngā wāhanga matua e whā:

1. Ngā whakaaro me ngā wheako urutomo (Ngā Tohu Urupare)

Ko te tikanga tēnei, ka hokihoki tonu mai taua huihuinga whakamataku ki roto i tō hinengaro.

• He maumahara tonu, kāore e taea te whakahaere, ki te kaupapa. He rite ki te mātakitaki i ngā kaupapa o taua wā anō me anō, anō, anō, me te mea he kiriata.
• Te moemoeā whakamataku, inā koa ngā moemoeā e pā ana ki te huihuinga.
• Ko ngā maharatanga whakamuri te wā e rongo ana koe me te mea kei te tupu anō te kaupapa. He tino mārama tēnei, ka taea e koe te rongo me te mea kei reira koe i taua wā tonu. I ētahi wā ka hongi koe, ka rongo rānei i te hongi.

2. Ngā Tohu o te Ārai

Kei roto i tēnei ko te ngana ki te noho tawhiti rawa atu i ngā mea katoa e whakamahara ana i a koe ki taua huihuinga kino.

• Te karo i ngā tāngata, ngā wāhi, ngā mahi, ngā mea, me ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te huihuinga. Hei tauira, ka taea e koe te karo i te haere i te huarahi i puta ai te aituā.
• Ka karohia e au te whakaaro ki taua kaupapa me te maumahara ki reira.
• Ka karo koe i te kōrero ki ētahi atu mō te mea i tupu, mō ō kare ā-roto rānei mō taua mea.

3. Ngā Huringa o te Whakaaro me te Wairua

Ka taea e tēnei te whakarerekē nui i tō tirohanga ki te ao, tō whakaaro mōu ake, me ō kare ā-roto.

• Te wehi tonu, te mataku, te riri, te hara , te whakama rānei.
• Kei te warewarehia ngā wāhanga nui o taua huihuinga whakamataku.
• Ngā whakaaro me ngā kare ā-roto kino, pōhēhē tonu mōu ake, mō ētahi atu rānei. Tērā pea ka whakaaro koe ki ētahi mea pēnei i te, "He hē ahau," "Kāore he tangata e taea te whakawhirinaki."
• Te whakatau hē i te pūtake, i ngā hua rānei o tētahi huihuinga, me te whakapae i a koe anō, i ētahi atu rānei.
• Te āhua mokemoke, te noho mokemoke hoki i ētahi atu.
• Ko ngā mea i hari ai i mua, kāore e hari ai i ēnei rā.
• Te kore e taea te rongo i ngā kare ā-roto pai. Te āhua nei kāore e taea e koe te rongo i ngā mea pēnei i te harikoa me te aroha.

4. Ngā Huringa o te Whakaoho me te Tauhohenga

I tēnei, kei te "mataara" tonu tō tinana, e aro ana ki ngā mea iti rawa.

• Te pukuriri me te tere o te riri.
• Te mahi wairangi, me te mahi kino ki a koe anō (hei tauira, te taraiwa tere rawa, te inu nui rawa i te waipiro).
• Te tino mataara ki te taiao e karapoti ana i a koe (Te tino mataara). Te wehi tonu i te tūponotanga.
• Mā te haruru iti noa ka peke koe.
• Te uaua ki te arotahi, te kore rānei e taea te moe.

He aha ngā mea ka tupu ina pāngia ngā tamariki nohinohi e te PTSD?

Ina pāngia ngā tamariki nohinohi e te PTSD, tera pea ka uaua ki a rātou te whakapuaki i ō rātou kare ā-roto ki ngā kupu. Tērā pea kua pāngia rātou e tētahi mamae kāore koe i te mōhio. Tērā pea ka noho pōrearea rātou, ka nekeneke, ka uaua rānei ki te aro, ki te mahi rānei i ngā mea i runga i te tikanga tika.

Ka taea te whakapoauau i ēnei tohu i ētahi wā ki ngā tohu o tētahi āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Nō reira, ki te pāngia tō tamaiti e ēnei tohu, he mea nui kia kite koe i tētahi tohunga (hei tauira, he tohunga hinengaro tamariki) he wheako ki te tātaritanga PTSD.

He aha atu ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te PTSD?

Ko te hunga whai PTSD ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia e ēnei āhuatanga, ā, ka taea e rātou te whakararu i ngā tohu PTSD:

• Ngā mate kare ā-roto - hei tauira, te pouri.
• Ngā mate manukanuka.
• Tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā mate e pā ana ki te pūnaha io, pērā i te mate wareware.
• Te mate whakamahi matū / Te mate whakamahi waipiro.

Ko te mea nui, ko te hunga whai PTSD he nui ake te mōrearea o ngā whakaaro me ngā ngana whakamomori.

Ki te mea kei te pōuri koe, kei te pouri rānei tetahi e mōhio ana koe, kaua e noho mokemoke. Kōrero tonu atu ki tētahi e whakawhirinaki ana koe, tirohia he tākuta, waea atu rānei ki tētahi ratonga āwhina hauora hinengaro ohorere pērā i a 1926 (Sumatiri) i Sri Lanka. Kaua e wehi ki te tono āwhina, kāore koe i te mokemoke.

He aha ngā take o te PTSD?

Ina hoki, i waenga i te 61% me te 80% o te taupori ka pāngia e tētahi huihuinga mamae i tētahi wā o ō rātou oranga. Heoi, ehara i te katoa o rātou ka pāngia e te PTSD. I roto i tēnei rōpū, i waenga i te 5% me te 10% ka pāngia e te PTSD.

Kāore i te tino mārama he aha i pāngia ai ētahi tāngata e te PTSD, ā, kāore ētahi atu, ahakoa i muri i te pāngia e te taua āhuatanga. Heoi, kua kitea e ngā rangahau he rerekē ngā taumata o ētahi neurotransmitters me ngā homoni o te hunga whai PTSD. Tērā pea ka rerekē anō hoki te mahi a ō rātou roro .

Ngā Huringa i roto i ngā Neurotransmitters me ngā Hormones

Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau, ahakoa te ahotea tonu, ahakoa he noa, he iti rānei ngā taumata o te homoni e kiia nei ko te (Cortisol) (e mōhiotia ana ko te "hormone ahotea"). He nui hoki ngā taumata o te (Corticotropin-Releasing Factor - CRF) kei a rātou. Ka whakaohohia e tēnei (CRF) te tukunga o te matū e kiia nei ko te (Norepinephrine). Ka whakaohohia e tēnei (Norepinephrine) te urupare (whawhai, rere rānei) a tō tātou tinana. Koinei te take e puta ai ēnei mea:

• Te pikinga o te tere o te ngakau.
• Te pikinga o te toto toto.
• Te pikinga ake o te mataara me te tere o te riri.

Hei tāpiritanga, kua whakaaturia ngā panonitanga o te mahi a ētahi atu pūnaha neurotransmitter, hei tauira:

• Waikawa gamma-aminobutyric (GABA)
• Glutamate
• Serotonin

He rite ēnei ki ngā karere ririki i roto i ō tātou roro, ā, ka puta ake ngā raruraru pēnei ina kore e oti tika ā rātou mahi.

Ngā huringa o te roro

E pā ana te PTSD ki ētahi huringa i roto i te mahi me te hanganga o tō roro:

• Ka iti haere te rahi o te wāhanga o tō roro e kiia nei ko te "Hippocampus". He wāhanga nui tēnei "Hippocampus" e whakahaere ana i tō tātou hihiri, kare ā-roto, ako, me te mahara.
• He nui rawa te mahi a te amygdala (e whakahaere ana i ō tātou kare ā-roto me ngā urupare mataku) i roto i te hunga whai PTSD. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ka tino mataku, ka manukanuka hoki rātou ahakoa mō ngā mea iti rawa.
• Ko te wāhanga e kiia nei ko te Medial Prefrontal Cortex (e āwhina ana ki te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto o te Amygdala) kua kitea hoki he iti ake, he iti ake te aro ki ngā āhuatanga o te hunga whai PTSD.

Ahakoa he ahua uaua tēnei, ko te pono ngāwari ko te PTSD ehara i te mea kei roto noa i te hinengaro, engari e pā ana hoki ki ngā huringa matū me te hanganga o te roro.

Ko wai kei te nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i te PTSD?

Kāore e taea te kī ko wai ka pāngia e te PTSD i muri i tētahi aituā mamae, engari ko ēnei tāngata e whai ake nei he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia rātou e te PTSD:

• Tērā pea ko te hunga kua pāngia e ētahi whara nui (hei tauira, te pāngia e te pakanga nui i te wā e mahi ana i te ope taua, te whakaekenga ā-ira tangata rānei).
• Te hunga i pāngia e te mamae i te tamarikitanga.
• Te hunga i whara tinana i taua aituā.
• Ko te hunga i pāngia e te wehi nui, te kore āwhina, te ohorere rānei i te wā o te aituā.
• Ko te hunga kāore i whiwhi tautoko tika mai i te hapori, te whānau, me ngā hoa i muri i tētahi aituā mamae.
• Ko te hunga kua pāngia e te whara roa, e te whara maha rānei .
• Te hunga kua pāngia kē e ētahi atu raruraru hauora hinengaro, me/ranei e whakamahi kino ana i ngā matū .

Me pēhea koe e mōhio ai mēnā kei a koe te PTSD?

Kāore he whakamātautau motuhake hei tautuhi i te PTSD. Engari, ka tautuhia e te tākuta te mate i muri i te pātai atu ki a koe mō:

• Ō tohumate.
• Tō hītori hauora.
• Tō hītori hauora hinengaro.
• Mō ngā āhuatanga whakamataku i pā ki a koe.

Tērā pea he uaua ki a koe te kōrero mō te kaupapa. I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, me kawe mai pea koe i tētahi tangata pono (he mema o te whānau, he hoa rānei) ki te tākuta. Mā tēnei ka whakamarie koe, ā, ka āwhina hoki i a koe ki te whakamārama i ō tohu me ngā huringa o te whanonga.

Ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta ngā paearu i roto i te Pukapuka Tātari me te Tatauranga mō ngā Mate Hinengaro (DSM-5) a te American Psychological Association. Ko te putanga hou ko te DSM-5-TR. Hei tātaritanga mō te PTSD, me whai koe i tētahi o ngā tohu e whai ake nei mō te iti rawa i te kotahi marama :

• Kotahi te whakaaro, te wheako rānei e takahi ana i te mana o ...
• Kia kotahi te tohu karo.
• Kia rua pea ngā huringa o te whakaaro me te wairua.
• Kia rua pea ngā huringa whakararuraru o te tinana me te hinengaro.

Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia e tō tākuta he whakamātautau tinana, he whakamātautau toto rānei, kia kitea ai mēnā he take tinana anō kei roto i ētahi o ō tohumate.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō te PTSD?

Ko te rongoā matua mō te PTSD ko te hinengaro hinengaro, te kōrero rānei. Ina koa, he tino whai hua te momo rongoā e kiia nei ko te Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) .

Ka whakaratohia tēnei maimoatanga e tētahi kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro hauora hinengaro whai raihana, kua whakangungua.He tohunga hinengaro pea, he tohunga hinengaro rānei. Ka tautoko, ka ako, ka ārahi hoki rātou i a koe me tō whānau, hei āwhina i a koe kia ora pai, kia whakapai ake hoki i tō oranga hinengaro.

He maha ngā maimoatanga CBT motuhake mō te PTSD:

• Te Whakaora Tukatuka Hinengaro: He maimoatanga tēnei i hangaia mō te PTSD. E arotahi ana ki te whakarerekē i ngā kare ā-roto kino mamae (pēnei i te whakama me te hara) me ngā whakapono i puta mai i te whara. Ka āwhina hoki i a koe ki te aro atu ki ngā maharatanga me ngā kare ā-roto e whakapouri ana.
• Te Whakaora i te Nekehanga Kanohi me te Tukatuka Anō (EMDR): I roto i tēnei tikanga, ka nekehia ō kanohi i tētahi ara motuhake i a koe e tukatuka ana i ngā maharatanga mamae. Ko te whāinga o te EMDR he āwhina i a koe ki te ora mai i te whara, i ētahi atu wheako ora taumaha rānei. Ki te whakaritea ki ētahi atu maimoatanga, he huarahi hou te EMDR. Heoi, kua whakaatuhia e ētahi whakamātautau haumanu he whai hua, ā, ka taea te āwhina i te tangata ki te ora tere atu i ētahi atu tikanga.
• Whakaora Rōpū: Kei roto i tēnei ko te hunga kua pāngia e ngā wheako mamae rite tonu e huihui ana ki te whakapuaki i ō rātou wheako me ō rātou kare ā-roto i roto i tētahi taiao whakamarie, kore whakahāwea. Nā te mea ka pāngia te whānau katoa e ngā wero o te PTSD, ka taea hoki te āwhina i te whakaora whānau.
• Te Whakaora Whakamataku Roa: I roto i tēnei maimoatanga, ka whakaatuhia koe ki ngā whakaahua taipitopito o te whara, ngā mea rānei e whakaoho ana i ō tohu i roto i te huarahi haumaru, whakahaeretia. Mā tēnei ka āwhina koe ki te aro atu ki tō wehi, ki te whakahaere i taua wehi, me te ako ki te noho tahi me taua wehi.
• Te whakaora whanonga hinengaro e aro ana ki te whara (CBT): Mā tēnei maimoatanga koe e ako ai me pēhea te urupare a tō tinana ki te whara me te ahotea. Ka āwhina hoki i a koe ki te tautuhi me te whakarerekē i ngā tauira whakaaro raruraru, me te ako i ngā pūkenga hei whakahaere i ō tohu. Kei roto hoki i tēnei te whakaora pānga.

Rongoā mō te PTSD

I tēnei wā, kāore he rongoā kua whakaaetia motuhaketia e te US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mō te PTSD. Heoi, ka tohua pea e ngā tākuta ētahi rongoā hei āwhina i te whakahaere i ētahi o ngā tohu o te PTSD. Hei tauira:

• Ngā rongoā ārai pouri - pērā i ngā Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) me ngā Serotonin me Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) rānei.
• Ngā rongoā ārai-manukanuka.

Mā tō tākuta e whakatau mēnā ka whakamahia ēnei rongoā, me te aha hoki hei whakamahi. Kaua rawa e whakamahia ēnei rongoā me te kore he tohutohu hauora.

Ka taea te rongoā i te PTSD? He aha te heke mai?

Ka rerekē pea te āhua o te PTSD i ia tangata, i ia tangata. Heoi, i te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e te maimoatanga te āwhina i a koe ki te ora. Mā te maimoatanga, tata ki te 30% o te tangata ka ora katoa. Ko tētahi atu 40% ka pai ake mā te maimoatanga, engari ka noho tonu pea ētahi tohu ngawari. Mō ētahi tāngata, mā te tautoko a te hunga e arohaina ana, ka memeha haere ngā tohu PTSD i roto i te wā, ahakoa kāore he maimoatanga ngaio.

Ko te mea nui ko te tono āwhina me te rapu maimoatanga. Kātahi ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te ora.

Ka taea te ārai i te PTSD?

Engari, kāore e taea e tātou te ārai i ngā wā katoa i tētahi huihuinga mamae. Heoi, kua whakaatuhia e ētahi rangahau he mahi ka taea e koe te mahi i muri i te huihuinga hei āwhina i te aukati i te whanaketanga o te PTSD. Ka kiia ēnei ko ngā "āhua tiaki". Anei ētahi o aua mea:

• Te rapu tautoko mai i ētahi atu (pēnei i ngā hoa me te whānau) i muri i te aituā. Mā tēnei ka puta he wairua haumaru.
• He huarahi pai te whakauru atu ki tētahi rōpū tautoko i muri i tētahi huihuinga mamae ki te kōrero ki te hunga kua pāngia e ngā wheako rite ki a koe.
• Te ako ki te whakaaro pai mō āu mahi i roto i te wā o tētahi aituā.
• Te whakamahi i ngā rautaki hauora hei ārai i ngā raruraru i muri i tētahi aituā mamae (hei tauira, te whakakorikori tinana, te mahi i ngā mea hei whakamarie i te hinengaro, kaua e wareware ki ngā raruraru o te waipiro).
• Te kaha ki te mahi me te urupare whai hua, ahakoa kei te mataku koe.
• Te āwhina i ētahi atu, inā koa he āhuatanga mamae e pā ana ki te tini tāngata, pērā i tētahi āhuatanga taiao.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

He mea tino nui kia kite i tō tākuta, i tētahi kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro hauora hinengaro rānei i muri i tētahi huihuinga mamae. Mēnā ka kino haere ō tohumate, me kōrero ki tō tākuta. Kaua e whakama, kaua hoki e mataku. Ehara tēnei i te he nāu.

Āhea koe me haere ki te Tari Ohotata?

Mena kei te whakaaro koe ki te whakamomori, ki te whara rānei i a koe anō , he āhuatanga tino kino tēnei. Mēnā he pēnei te āhua, haere tonu ki te rūma ohorere o te hōhipera tata, waea atu rānei ki tētahi ratonga āwhina hauora hinengaro ohorere pērā i te 1926 (Sumatiri).

He mahi uaua te rapu āwhina ngaio i muri i tētahi huihuinga mamae. Engari kia maumahara, he mate ka taea te rongoā i te PTSD. I roto i te wā, mā te maimoatanga, ka tīmata koe ki te pai ake. Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga. Kia maumahara, kei reira tonu rātou hei āwhina me te tautoko i a koe.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara

He mea noa te pāngia e te mamae o te ngākau i muri i tētahi aituā mamae. Heoi, ki te mau tonu aua mamae, ā, ka whakararuraru i ngā mahi o ia rā, he PTSD pea.

• Kāore koe i te mokemoke: He mate te PTSD e pāngia ana e te tini tāngata.
• Ehara i te he nāu: kāore he tangata e hiahia ana ki te whakawhanake i te PTSD.
• He āwhina: He maimoatanga hei āwhina i a koe ki te ora.
• Kaua e wehi ki te kōrero: kōrerohia ō kare ā-roto ki tētahi e whakawhirinaki ana koe, pērā i te tākuta.

Mena kei te pāngia koe, tetahi atu rānei e mōhio ana koe e tēnei āhuatanga, rapua he āwhina. He rite tonu te hiranga o tō hauora hinengaro ki tō hauora tinana.