Niba ufite umuntu mu muryango wawe urwaye indwara ya Alzheimer , yaba ari nyoko, so, nyogokuru, cyangwa nyirasenge, ushobora kuba uzi ko agenda yibagirwa ibintu buhoro buhoro. Icyo ni cyo kimenyetso nyamukuru cy'iyi ndwara. Ariko, uretse gutakaza kwibuka, ushobora kuba warabonye impinduka zikomeye mu myitwarire yabo. Hari igihe babura amahoro, barakaye, bababara, cyangwa bagakomeza kugenda nijoro badasinziriye. Iyo ubonye ibi bintu, ugomba no kumva ubabaye cyane. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga ku bundi buryo bwo kuvura, cyangwa "Ubuvuzi bw'inyongera", butangwa ku bibazo by'imyitwarire n'ibyo mu mutwe bibaho hiyongereyeho gutakaza kwibuka muri Alzheimer.
Mu magambo make, iyo indwara ya Alzheimer yangije uturemangingo tw’imitsi mu bwonko, ntabwo igira ingaruka ku kwibuka gusa ahubwo inagira ingaruka ku bice bigenga imyitwarire yacu. Niyo mpamvu ibi bibazo bibaho.
- Guhungabana
- Ubugizi bwa nabi
- Guhangayika
- Kwibeshya (kwizera ibintu bitabaho)
- Ihungabana
- Kubona ibintu bitagaragara cyangwa kumva ibintu bitagaragara (Hallucinations)
- Gusinzira nabi
- Kubura ituze
Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutera umuhangayiko mwinshi ku murwayi no kuri wowe, umuforomo. Ubusanzwe abaganga bakugira inama yo kubanza kugerageza guhangana n'ibi bimenyetso ukoresheje impinduka mu mibereho yawe no mu buvuzi bw'imyitwarire mbere yo gukoresha imiti. Ugomba kandi kubanza kumenya niba hari indi mpamvu itera impinduka mu myitwarire (urugero, kwandura indwara, ikibazo cyo kutabona cyangwa kumva, cyangwa ingaruka mbi z'indi miti).
Ariko rimwe na rimwe imiti ni yo nziza kurusha izindi. Imiti myinshi tuvuga hano ntabwo yemewe ku ndwara ya Alzheimer. Abaganga batanga iyi miti "itazwi ku izina ryayo." Ni ukuvuga ko umuti wemejwe ku yindi ndwara (nk'ihungabana) utangwa kuko ubunararibonye bwa muganga bugaragaza ko ushobora no kuba ukwiriye ku bibazo by'imyitwarire y'umurwayi wa Alzheimer.
Ibikoresho bifasha gusinzira
Abantu benshi bagira ibibazo byo gusinzira uko bakura.Bibaho. Ariko bikunze kugaragara cyane mu barwayi ba Alzheimer. Kubera impinduka mu bwonko, babyuka kenshi nijoro kandi bananiwe ku manywa.
Igikuru ni ukugerageza gusinzira nta miti, aho gukoresha ibinini bisinziriza. Kuko ibinini bisinziriza bihabwa abarwayi ba Alzheimer rimwe na rimwe bishobora guteza akaga.
Gusa niba guhindura imibereho bitagufashije gusinzira, kandi kuguma maso nijoro bikaba ikibazo gikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira umuti nk'uyu:
- Suvorexant (Belsomra): Uyu ni wo muti wonyine wemejwe na FDA yo muri Amerika ku bibazo byo gusinzira bifitanye isano n'indwara ya Alzheimer. Uri mu bwoko bw'imiti yitwa "Orexin inhibitors." Muri make, ukora mu kuziba imyuka mu bwonko bwacu ivuga ko "igihe kigeze cyo gukanguka." Ariko, uyu muti ushobora gutera ingaruka mbi nko gusinzira, kwiheba, no gusinzira ku manywa.
- Indi miti igabanya ububabare: Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira indi miti igabanya ububabare, nka `Eszopiclone (Lunesta)` cyangwa `Zolpidem (Ambien).` Ariko, gufata iyi miti bishobora gutuma ukora ibintu bidasanzwe mu gihe usinziriye (nk'ukurya cyangwa gutwara imodoka mu gihe usinziriye). Bishobora kandi gutera urujijo ku manywa, kwibagirwa, ndetse n'ibyago byo gutakaza uburimbane bwawe no kugwa.
Icy'ingenzi cyane: Ibinini byo gusinzira bigomba gukoreshwa igihe gito gishoboka . Bishobora gutuma uzungera kandi ugasinzira byoroshye. Iyo uburyo bwawe bwo gusinzira bumaze gusubira ku murongo, ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe ukagerageza kubireka.
Nanone, imiti imwe n'imwe yo gusinzira (irimo imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu mutwe, urugero nka diphenhydramine) ushobora kugura ku giciro gito muri farumasi ntabwo ikwiriye abarwayi ba Alzheimer na gato . Ishobora kubangamira itumanaho hagati y'uturemangingo tw'imitsi mu bwonko, bigatuma ubushobozi bwo kwibuka no gutekereza burushaho kwiyongera.
Imiti igabanya ububabare n'imiti igabanya guhangayika
Ihungabana rikunze kugaragara cyane ku ndwara ya Alzheimer. Kugira ngo umurwayi arusheho kugira ibyiyumvo byiza, muganga ashobora kumuha imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara. Iyi miti ntishobora gufasha gusa mu gihe cy'ihungabana, ahubwo ifasha no mu gihe umuntu ahangayika, afite ibibazo byo gusinzira, afite umujinya mwinshi, ndetse akagira n'ibintu bitagaragara neza.
| Ubwoko bw'ibiyobyabwenge | Ingero |
|---|---|
| SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) (Imiti ikunze gukoreshwa kandi ifite umutekano) | Citalopram (Celexa), Sertraline (Zoloft), Escitalopram (Lexapro) |
| SNRI (Ibikoresho bigabanya ubukana bwa Serotonin-Noradrenaline) | Venlafaxine (Effexor), Duloxetine (Cymbalta) |
| Imiti igabanya kwiheba idasanzwe | Mirtazapine (Remeron), Trazodone (Desyrel) |
Umuburo: Imiti ishaje yo kurwanya indwara zo mu mutwe, nka tricyclic antidepressants (urugero: amitriptyline) na SSRI nka paroxetine (Paxil), ntiyemerewe abantu barwaye indwara ya Alzheimer. Ishobora kwangiza ubushobozi bwo kwibuka no gutekereza.
Hari igihe abaganga batanga imiti y'igihe gito yitwa benzodiazepines (urugero: Lorazepam (Ativan), Diazepam (Valium)) kugira ngo ivure imihangayiko, kubura amahoro, n'imyitwarire ikaze. Ariko, ibi bishobora no gutera gusinzira, isereri, urujijo, ndetse n'ibyago byinshi byo kugwa.
Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu mutwe (imiti ivura imihangayiko ikomeye n'ibibazo byo mu mutwe)
Ingorane zimwe na zimwe z’imyitwarire ziterwa n’indwara ya Alzheimer zishobora kuba akaga ku murwayi cyangwa ku bamurera. Urugero, gukaza umurego cyane, kugerageza kwigirira nabi cyangwa kugirira nabi abandi, no kubona cyangwa kumva ibintu bitahari. Muri ibyo bihe, imiti igabanya ubukana bw’indwara zo mu mutwe ishobora gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwa nyuma, niba nta bundi buryo buhari .
Iyi miti igomba gukoreshwa witonze cyane, ukurikiranwe na muganga hafi. Kubera ko ingaruka zishobora kuba nyinshi kurusha inyungu, impuguke zisaba kuyikoresha gusa mu gihe nta yandi mahitamo yabikoze.
Mbere yo gutangira uyu muti,
- Guhanga ibidukikije bituje
- Kumenyera gahunda isanzwe
- Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri
Ugomba kugerageza ibintu nk'ibyo rwose.
Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu mutwe (urugero: `Risperidone (Risperdal)`, `Quetiapine (Seroquel)`, `Olanzapine (Zyprexa)`) ikoreshwa muri:
- Iyo umurwayi ashobora kwishyira mu kaga cyangwa gushyira abandi mu kaga.
- Niba ikibazo cy'imyitwarire kidashoboka gutanga ubuvuzi bukenewe.
- Niba ufite indi ndwara yo mu mutwe (urugero: schizophrenia ) usibye indwara ya Alzheimer.
Muri iyi mitiHari ibyago bikomeye. Ni ukuvuga ko byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer ndetse n'urupfu ku barwayi bageze mu zabukuru. Byongeye kandi, bitera gusinzira cyane kandi byongera ibyago byo kugwa. Byongeye kandi, bimwe muri byo bishobora kurwanya ingaruka z'imiti ifasha kwibuka no gutekereza neza ku ndwara ya Alzheimer, bikagabanya inyungu z'iyo miti.
Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura
Uretse imiti yavuzwe haruguru, hari indi miti ikoreshwa "itaragaragara".
- Imiti igabanya ububabare bw'igicuri: Hari igihe imiti igabanya ububabare bw'igicuri nka Carbamazepine na Gabapentin ikoreshwa mu kugabanya ubukana bw'indwara ya Alzheimer.
- Imiti irwanya Parkinson: Hari imiti imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya Parkinson irimo kwigwaho kugira ngo harebwe niba ishobora no gufasha mu kuvura ibimenyetso bya Alzheimer.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Indwara ya Alzheimer si iyo kwibagirwa gusa, ahubwo ni imwe mu ndwara ziterwa n’imyitwarire n’ibibazo byo mu mutwe.
- Mbere yo gukoresha imiti kuri ibi bibazo, gerageza uburyo butari ubwo gukoresha imiti nko gushyiraho ahantu hatuje, gukomeza gahunda ya buri munsi, no kuvugana urukundo n'ubugwaneza .
- Imiti hafi ya yose ivugwa muri iyi nkuru ifite ingaruka mbi zikomeye n'ibyago bikomeye. Ntigomba gutangira cyangwa ngo ihagarikwe nta nama ya muganga.
- Iyo ubonye impinduka zitunguranye mu myitwarire y'umurwayi, hashobora kubaho indi mpamvu ifatika (urugero: kwandura indwara mu nzira y'inkari). Rero, banza urebe muganga wawe maze mubiganireho.
- Kwita ku muntu ukunda ni akazi gasaba imbaraga zo mu mutwe. Rero, komeza kwita ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe. Ntugatinye gusaba ubufasha niba ubukeneye.
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