Ese hari umuntu ugeze mu za bukuru mu muryango wawe, wenda mama wawe, so wawe, cyangwa nyogokuru wawe, wibagirwa ibintu mu buryo butunguranye, agahindura imyitwarire ye iyo ahagaze, rimwe na rimwe akavuga ibintu bitabaho, nk'aho “Ni nde uriho?” Ese hari n'ingorane zo kugenda? Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ibi, bishobora kuba atari gusaza bisanzwe nkuko tubitekereza. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga ku ndwara yihariye ishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibyo, yitwa ‘ Dementia ’ cyangwa Lewy Body Dementia , iri mu cyiciro cya ‘Memory Loss Diseases’.
Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) ni iki mu buryo bworoshye?
Mu magambo make, LBD ni yo ndwara ya kabiri ikunze kugaragara cyane nyuma ya Alzheimer . Akenshi yibasira abantu barengeje imyaka 50.
Ibi biterwa nuko uduce twa poroteyine twitwa "Lewy bodies" twibasira mu turemangingo tw'ubwonko bwacu. Ubwo bwoko bwa poroteyine bwitwa alpha-synuclein. Iyo utu duce twirundanyije mu bwonko, tubangamira imikorere isanzwe y'ubwonko, cyane cyane kwibuka kwacu, kugenda kwacu, ubushobozi bwo gutekereza, amarangamutima, n'imyitwarire .
Iyi mibiri ya Lewy ibangamira ikorwa ry'ibinyabutabire bibiri by'ingenzi mu bwonko.
1. Asetilikolini: Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku kwibuka no kwiga kwacu.
2. Dopamine : Iyi igenzura imigendere y'umubiri wacu, uko wumva umerewe , n'ibitotsi.
Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa LBD. Bumwe ni ' Dementia with Lewy bodies' n'ubundi ni ' Parkinson 's disease dementia'. Hariho itandukaniro rito mu buryo ibimenyetso bikurikirana.
Ibi bitandukanye bite n'indwara ya Alzheimer na Parkinson?
Abantu benshi bitiranya izi ndwara eshatu kuko ibimenyetso byazo bisa cyane. Ariko, hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati yazo. Kubimenya ni ingenzi kugira ngo umenye indwara kandi ubone ubuvuzi bukwiye.
| Indwara | Uko ibibazo byo kwibuka n'ibibazo byo kugenda bibaho | Ibindi bintu byihariye |
|---|---|---|
| Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) | Akenshi, ibibazo byo kugenda (kugorwa no kugenda, guhinda umushyitsi) n'ibibazo byo kwibuka (kwibagirwa) bibaho icyarimwe cyangwa mu mwaka umwe. | Kubona ibintu mu buryo butunguranye bishobora kubaho mu ntangiriro z'indwara. Indwara yo mu gihe cyo gusinzira mu buryo bwa REM irakunze kugaragara. Ubushobozi bwo kwita ku bintu no gutekereza burahindagurika umunsi wose (rimwe na rimwe ni byiza cyane, ubundi bikavangwa cyane). |
| Indwara ya Alzheimer | Bitangirana n'ibibazo byo kwibuka (cyane cyane kwibuka by'igihe gito). Ibibazo byo kugenda bibaho mu byiciro bya nyuma by'indwara. | Ubusanzwe, kubona ibintu mu buryo butari bwo (delucinations) bikunze kugaragara iyo indwara igeze kure cyane, ni ukuvuga mu bihe bya nyuma. |
| Indwara ya Parkinson | Bitangirira ku bibazo byo kugenda (guhinda umushyitsi, imitsi ikagira ubukana). Ibibazo byo kwibuka (dementia) bigaragara nyuma cyane muri iyo ndwara, cyangwa ntibishobora kugaragara. | Bigira ingaruka cyane cyane ku migendere. Iyo umuntu arwaye indwara yo kwibagirwa, yitwa 'Parkinson's disease dementia'. |
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, imiti itangwa kuri izi ndwara nayo iratandukanye, bityo gusuzuma neza ni ingenzi cyane.
Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera indwara ya LBD?
Abahanga mu bya siyansi ntibaramenya neza impamvu bamwe na bamwe bagira imibiri ya Lewy mu bwonko bwabo, ariko basanze hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera ibi.
- Imyaka: Kuba ufite imyaka irenga 50 ni ikintu gikomeye gishobora gutera ibyago.
- Izindi ndwara:Kugira indwara nka Parkinson's disease cyangwa REM sleep behavior disorder.
- Amateka y'umuryango: Nubwo iyi idafatwa nk'indwara y'uruhererekane, niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe warwaye LBD, ibyago byo kuyirwara byiyongera gato.
- Igitsina: Abagabo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi ndwara kurusha abagore.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ingenzi bya LBD?
Abarwayi bose ntibagira ibimenyetso bimwe. Ibimenyetso bimwe bishobora kuba byoroheje, ibindi bikaba bikomeye. Ibimenyetso bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bine.
| Icyiciro cy'ibiranga | Ingero |
|---|---|
| Ingaruka ku Buhanga bwo Gutekereza | Kugorwa no gufata ibyemezo, kugorwa no gupima intera, kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu, kubura kwibuka, kureba ahantu hamwe, kubona ibintu bitahari (ibintu bitabaho), kwitiranya igihe n'ahantu. |
| Ingendo | Kuzunguza ibirenge mu gihe ugenda, kunanuka k'umubiri, gutakaza uburinganire no kugwa, guhinda umushyitsi, kunama imbere, kugorwa no kumira, kugabanuka k'isura, n'ijwi ritoroshye. |
| Ingaruka ku bitotsi | Gukina inzozi mu gihe usinziriye (urugero: gutaka, amaguru agwa, kugwa mu buriri), gusinzira cyane ku manywa, kudasinzira neza, no gukenera kwimura amaguru (Restless legs syndrome). |
| Ingaruka ku byiyumvo n'imyitwarire | Kwiheba, guhangayika, kubura amahoro, paranoia, uburakari butunguranye, guseka cyangwa kurira bitagira iherezo (pseudobulbar affect). |
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya mbere bya LBD?
Akenshi kubona ibintu bitabaho (Hallucinations)Kurota ibintu bitagaragara ni cyo kimenyetso cya mbere kigaragara ku barwayi bagera kuri 80% ba LBD. Ibi bivuze ko babona ibintu, nk'inyamaswa, abantu, n'imiterere, bitaboneka. Byongeye kandi, impinduka mu bushobozi bwo gutekereza, kwibagirwa, n'ibibazo byo gusinzira nabyo bishobora kugaragara mu ntangiriro.
Ni gute umuganga apima LBD?
LBD ntishobora gupimwa hakoreshejwe ikizamini kimwe. Kubera ko ibimenyetso byayo bisa n'ibindi bwoko bwa dementia, bishobora kugorana kuyisuzuma, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro. Bityo rero, muganga azakuraho izindi ndwara zitera ibimenyetso bisa.
Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini byinshi, urugero:
- Gusuzumwa umubiri no kuganira byimbitse ku bimenyetso byawe.
- Isuzuma ry'imitsi: Kugenzura ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutekereza, imbaraga, kuringaniza, kugenda, n'uburyo amaso azenguruka.
- Gupima amaraso: Reba ibitagenda neza mu misemburo cyangwa vitamine.
- Gupima ubwonko: Gupima CT cyangwa MRI bishobora kureba impinduka zijyanye n'ubundi bwoko bwa dementia. Gupima byihariye nka PET cyangwa SPECT nabyo bishobora gukorwa.
- Ibizamini byo gusinzira: Reba ibibazo byo gusinzira nka REM sleep behavior disorder.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura LBD?
Kugeza ubu nta muti cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura LBD buriho. Ariko hari uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso no koroshya ubuzima .
- Imiti:
- Imiti nka `donepezil (Aricept)` na `rivastigmine (Exelon)`, ihabwa abarwayi ba Alzheimer kubera ibibazo byo gutekereza no kwibuka.
- Imiti nka levodopa ivura ibibazo byo kugenda (guhinda umushyitsi, gukomera).
- Imiti nka melatonin cyangwa clonazepam (Klonopin) ivura ibibazo byo gusinzira.
- Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura:
- Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri: Imyitozo ngororamubiri yo kunoza imigendere no kuringaniza umubiri.
- Ubuvuzi bw'akazi: Kwiga uburyo bwo gukora imirimo ya buri munsi byoroshye.
- Ubujyanama: Gukemura ibibazo byo mu mutwe nko kwiheba no guhangayika.
Icy'ingenzi cyane: Imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu mutwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku bantu barwaye LBD. Iyi miti ishobora gutuma ibimenyetso (cyane cyane kubona ibintu bitabaho n'ibibazo byo kugenda) birushaho kwiyongera. Kubwibyo, ntugakoreshe imiti iyo ari yo yose utabanje kugisha inama muganga.
Inama ku muntu ubana na LBD n'abamurera
Kubana n'indwara ya LBD ni ikibazo ku murwayi ndetse no ku bamwitaho, ariko iyo habayeho igenamigambi n'ubufasha bikwiye, urugendo rushobora koroshywa.
- Tekereza ku mutekano: Kuraho inzitizi zishobora gutuma ugwa mu nzu. Shyira utubati two gufata mu bwiherero.
- Shaka ubufasha: Vugana n'umuryango n'inshuti kuri ibi. Shaka ubufasha bwabo. Uwita ku buzima nawe akeneye kuruhuka.
- Tegura mbere y'igihe: Tegura mbere y'igihe gahunda zemewe n'amategeko n'iz'imari ukurikije ibyo umurwayi yifuza.
- Gira ibyishimo: Reka umurwayi yifatanye mu bintu bimushimisha kandi bimushimisha (nk'uko yumva umuziki, gushushanya, n'ibindi).
Nubwo impuzandengo y'igihe cyo kubaho ku barwayi ba LBD ari imyaka 7-8 nyuma y'uko ibimenyetso bitangiye, ibi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi. Iyo abarwayi bitabwaho neza kandi bagahabwa ubuvuzi bwiza, bamwe bashobora kubaho imyaka 20.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Lewy body dementia (LBD) ni indwara iterwa n'ubwinshi bwa poroteyine mu bwonko bugira ingaruka ku kwibuka, kugenda, n'imyitwarire.
- Ibi bitandukanye n'indwara ya Alzheimer na Parkinson bitewe n'uko ibimenyetso bikurikirana n'imiterere yabyo. Kutabona neza no gusinzira ni ibintu bisanzwe kuri LBD.
- Nubwo nta muti wuzuye uhari, imiti n'uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura bishobora kugenzura ibimenyetso no koroshya ubuzima.
- Niba hari umuntu wa hafi yawe ufite ibi bimenyetso, ntugatinye ujye kwa muganga vuba bishoboka . Gusuzuma indwara neza ni ingenzi cyane.
- Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe no ku mubiri bw'umuntu umwitaho nabwo ni ingenzi cyane. Ntugatinye gusaba ubufasha igihe bibaye ngombwa.
Lewy Body Dementia, LBD, Dementia, Kwibagirwa, Alzheimer, Parkinson, Ubuzima bw'Abageze mu zabukuru
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