Xa sicinga nge-ADHD, sicinga ngoko nangoko ngenkwenkwe engaphumliyo, ekhohlakeleyo, nedlalayo, akunjalo? Abantu abaninzi bacinga nge-ADHD "njengesifo somfana." Oku kungenxa yokuba le meko ixhaphake kabini kubafana kunakwintombazana. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyiqonde kukuba xa amantombazana efumana i-ADHD, iimpawu azibonisayo zihlala zahlukile. Oku kungenxa yokuba ubuchopho bamantombazana namakhwenkwe bukhula ngokwahlukileyo kwaye ixesha labo lokuqwalasela lahlukile.
I-ADHD yahluke njani kumantombazana?
Ukuxakeka kakhulu kunye nokungakhathali zezona mpawu zimbini zixhaphakileyo ze-ADHD. Nangona kunjalo, amantombazana awanawo amathuba amaninzi okuba nazo zombini ezi mpawu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-ADHD kumantombazana inokwenzeka ukuba ifunyaniswe gwenxa. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba intombazana ine-ADHD, sisenokungazi kuba ayingomntu ungcolileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iimpawu ze-ADHD ezixhaphakileyo kumantombazana. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-ADHD kumantombazana | |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ezinxulumene nengqalelo kunye nomsebenzi | |
| Ubunzima bokugxila | Ubunzima bokumamela nokulandela imiyalelo. Kubonakala ngathi umamele utitshala eklasini, kodwa unengqondo kwenye indawo. |
| Ukuphupha emini | Ndihlala ndiziva ndilahlekile kwihlabathi leengcinga. |
| Ukutsiba umsebenzi | Ukuzama ukuphepha imisebenzi efuna ingqalelo eninzi (umz., umsebenzi wesikolo, umsebenzi wesikolo). |
| Ukulibala nokulahlekelwa zizinto | Ukulibala rhoqo izinto, ukulahleka rhoqo kwezinto ezifana neepeni, iincwadi, iipensile. |
| Ukudideka | Ukugcina ibhegi yabo yesikolo, iincwadi, kunye negumbi kwimeko engcolileyo kakhulu. |
| Iimpazamo emsebenzini wesikolo | Nangona bekwazi kakuhle ukufunda, benza iimpazamo ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha leemviwo okanye umsebenzi wesikolo ngenxa yokungakwazi ukunikel’ ingqalelo. |
| Iimpawu zengqondo nezeemvakalelo (ezixhaphake kakhulu kubafana) | |
| Uxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalaba | Ndihlala ndiziva ndixinezelekile kwaye ndixhalabile ngezinto ezifana nomsebenzi wesikolo kunye nokunxibelelana nabantu. |
| Ukuzijongela phantsi | Ukuzigxeka, iingcinga ezinje ngokuthi "Andinakwenza nto" kunye nokuthi "Andinamsebenzi." |
| Uxinzelelo | Ndihlala ndiziva ndilusizi kwaye ndidanile. |
| Umngcipheko wokuzilimaza | Ukuba sengozini enkulu yokuzenzakalisa emzimbeni xa uxinezeleko lungasanyamezeleki. |
Indlela yokuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo le meko?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba intombi yakho inale mpawu, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo. Ugqirha okanye ingcali yezempilo yengqondo akuthumele kuyo uza kuthetha nentombi yakho, enze uvavanyo olufunekayo, aze afumanise ukuba ingaba le meko ikhona na okanye ayikho.
Abantwana badla ngokufunyaniswa bene-ADHD phakathi kweminyaka emi-6 neli-12. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha ixesha elide ukuba amantombazana afunyanwe. Oku kungenxa yokuba amantombazana azama "ukulungisa" ukungakwazi kwawo ukunikel' ingqalelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Umzekelo, anokufunda nzima, kodwa aya kuhlala elele ukuze enze njalo. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima kubazali ukuqonda ukuba kukho ingxaki. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, le meko isenokungabonwa ngokupheleleyo ngamanye amaxesha.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-ADHD. Uhlobo lokungakhathali luxhaphake kakhulu kumantombazana.
Iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-ADHD
- Uhlobo lokuhamba ngokukhawuleza/lokungxama: Apha umntwana uziphatha ngokungxama nangokungxama. Kodwa akukho ngxaki inkulu ngokunikela ingqalelo .
- Uhlobo lokungakhathali: Apha ingqalelo yomntwana iphazanyiswa lula, kodwa akukho mdla wokuzingisa. Olu hlobo luxhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamantombazana.
- Umxube: Apha, iimpawu zokusebenza ngokugqithisileyo/ukungxama kunye nobunzima bokunikela ingqalelo zinokubonwa.
Indlela yokunyanga? (Unyango)
Unyango lomntwana one-ADHD lufana kakhulu, nokuba umntwana yinkwenkwe okanye yintombazana. Ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa amayeza kunye nonyango lokuziphatha . I-ADHD yimeko yobomi bonke. Ke ngoko, unyango lunokufuneka kwanasebudaleni.
Isicwangciso sonyango esifunyanwa yintombi yakho siya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nezi:
- Iminyaka yentombi kunye nembali yempilo yayo (kuquka nendlela esabela ngayo kumayeza).
- Uhlobo lweempawu azibonisayo.
- Izimvo neminqweno yenu njengabazali malunga nonyango.
Oko unokukwenza njengomzali ukuba intombi yakho ine-ADHD
Eyona nto ixabisekileyo onokumnika umntwana one-ADHD yinkxaso nothando lwakho. Zininzi iindlela zokwenza oko.
1. Fumana ugqirha olungileyo: Licebo elihle ukufumana ugqirha ogxile kwi-ADHD kumantombazana. Ugqirha wakho wosapho kufuneka akwazi ukukuthumela kwingcali elungileyo. Wakuba umfumene, buza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokusondeleyo kangangoko unako.
2. Thetha nootitshala esikolweni:Thetha nootitshala uze uchaze imeko yentombi yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha ootitshala banokugqiba kwelokuba umntwana wakho uyayidinga na iNkqubo yeMfundo yoMntu ngamnye (i-IEP). Ngamafutshane, i-IEP sisicwangciso esibhaliweyo esichaza iinjongo zokufunda zomntwana wakho kunye nendlela utitshala aza kumnceda ngayo ukuba afikelele kwezo njongo.
3. Ncoma impumelelo: Ncoma nokuba yinto encinci eyenziwa yintombi yakho. Soloko uthi, "Wenze kakuhle, ntombi yam, ndiyaziqhenya ngawe." Oku kwakha ukuzithemba komntwana.
4. Yamkela indlela yokuphila esempilweni: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonelela ngokutya okunesondlo kunye nokuzilolonga okwaneleyo. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye neengxaki zokutya zinokunxulunyaniswa ne-ADHD. Indlela yokuphila enempilo ikwanceda ukulawula iimpawu ze-ADHD.
5. Yenza inkqubo: Ukuba nenkqubo ethile kunye neshedyuli ecacileyo kunokunceda kakhulu ekugcineni umntwana wakho esendleleni. Kunganceda nokuthumela izikhumbuzo ezincinci (amanqaku) kwiindawo ezibonakalayo ekhaya, ezinje ngokuthi "Ungalibali ukwenza umsebenzi wakho wesikolo wezibalo" okanye "Yiza nesidlo esinomsoco ngaphambi kokuziqhelanisa nebhola ekhatywayo." Ukugcina indlu kunye negumbi lentombi yakho licocekile nako kuluncedo kakhulu kuye.
6. Yazisa abanye abanakekeli: Wakuba ufundile ngemeko yentombi yakho, yazisa abanye abantu ababalulekileyo ebomini bayo - abantu abaxhasayo abafana noyise, umakhulu, umalume, umalumekazi - kwaye uqinisekise ukuba wonke umntu uyayixhasa ngokulinganayo imisebenzi yentombi yakhe kunye neenjongo zayo.
7. Tshintsha indlela othetha ngayo: Musa ukukhwaza ukuze ufumane ingqalelo yentombi yakho. Oko kuya kwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuba kube luncedo. Ukuba unika icebiso, linike ngelizwi elicacileyo, icebiso elinye ngexesha . Jonga intombi yakho emehlweni uze uthethe. Ukuba kufuneka uthethe into enye izihlandlo ezininzi, musa ukucaphuka kwaye yiba nomonde kwaye ulungele ukuphinda.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iimpawu ze-ADHD kumantombazana zinokwahluka kwiimpawu zobukrwada kumakhwenkwe. Uphawu lwazo oluphambili kukungakhathali.
- Ngenxa yalo mahluko, i-ADHD kumantombazana inokwenzeka ukuba ingafunyaniswa. Ngoko ke lumka ngendlela intombi yakho eziphatha ngayo.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo, ungalibazisi kwaye udibane nogqirha. Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nonyango kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Njengabazali, uthando lwenu, inkxaso yenu, kunye nomonde wenu zezona zinto zinamandla amakhulu entombi yenu ukuze iphile ngempumelelo nale meko.
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