Ukuba unomntu kusapho lwakho onesifo se -Alzheimer 's Disease, nokuba ngumama wakho, utata wakho, umakhulu wakho, okanye umakazi wakho, mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba bayalibala izinto kancinci kancinci. Elo luphawu oluphambili lwesi sifo. Kodwa, ukongeza ekulahlekelweni yinkumbulo yabo, usenokuba uqaphele utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela abaziphatha ngayo. Ngamanye amaxesha bayaphoxeka, banomsindo, balusizi, okanye baqhubeka nje behambahamba ebusuku bengalali. Xa ubona ezi zinto, kufuneka uzive ulusizi kakhulu. Namhlanje sithetha ngonyango olongezelelweyo, okanye "Unyango oluNcedisayo"`, olunikezelwa kwiingxaki zokuziphatha nezengqondo ezenzekayo ukongeza ekulahlekelweni yinkumbulo kwisifo se-Alzheimer's.
Ngamafutshane, xa isifo sika-Alzheimer sonakalisa iiseli zemithambo-luvo engqondweni, asichaphazeli inkumbulo kuphela kodwa sichaphazela neendawo ezilawula indlela esiziphatha ngayo. Yiyo loo nto ezi ngxaki zisenzeka.
- Ukuphazamiseka
- Ubundlobongela
- Ixhala
- Ukukhohlisa (ukukholelwa kwizinto ezingekhoyo)
- Uxinzelelo
- Ukubona izinto ezingabonakaliyo okanye ukuva izinto ezingabonakaliyo (Hallucinations)
- Ukungalali
- Ukungazinzi
Ezi mpawu zinokuba yingxaki enkulu kumguli nakuwe, wena mntu ukhathalelayo. Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba uqale uzame ukulawula ezi mpawu ngokutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo kunye nonyango lokuziphatha ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise amayeza. Kufuneka uqale ufumanise ukuba kukho na esinye isizathu sotshintsho kwindlela oziphatha ngayo (umzekelo, usulelo, ingxaki yokubona okanye yokuva, okanye isiphumo esibi selinye iyeza).
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha amayeza yeyona ndlela ilungileyo. Uninzi lwamayeza esithetha ngawo apha aluvumelekanga ngokukodwa kwisifo sika-Alzheimer. Oogqirha banika la mayeza "angekho kwileyibhile." Oko kukuthi, iyeza elivunyiweyo kwimeko ethile (njengokudakumba) linikwa kuba amava kagqirha abonisa ukuba lisenokufaneleka nakwiingxaki zokuziphatha zesigulana sika-Alzheimer.
Izinto zokuncedisa ukulala
Abantu abaninzi baneengxaki zokulala njengoko bekhula.Kuyenzeka. Kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abane-Alzheimer's. Ngenxa yotshintsho lobuchopho, bavuka rhoqo ebusuku kwaye badiniwe emini.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuzama ukulala ngaphandle kwamayeza, endaweni yokusebenzisa iipilisi zokulala. Kuba iipilisi zokulala ezinikwa izigulane ze-Alzheimer ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba yingozi.
Kuphela ukuba utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo alukuncedi ulale, kwaye ukuhlala uphaphile ebusuku kuyakhathaza kakhulu, ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza anjengala:
- I-Suvorexant (iBelsomra): Eli liyeza kuphela elivunyiweyo yi-US FDA kwiingxaki zokulala ezinxulumene nesifo se-Alzheimer. Likwiqela lamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-"Orexin inhibitors." Ngamafutshane, lisebenza ngokuvala ikhemikhali engqondweni yethu ebonisa ukuba "lixesha lokuvuka." Nangona kunjalo, eli chiza linokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokuhamba ubuthongo, ukudakumba, kunye nokulala emini.
- Ezinye iiSedatives: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika ezinye iipilisi zokulala, ezifana ne-`Eszopiclone (Lunesta)` okanye i-`Zolpidem (Ambien).` Nangona kunjalo, ukuthatha ezi zinto kunokubangela ukuba wenze izinto ezingaqhelekanga ngelixa ulele (ezifana nokutya okanye ukuqhuba ulele). Zinokubangela ukudideka emini, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wokulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho kunye nokuwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Iipilisi zokulala mazisetyenziswe ixesha elifutshane kangangoko . Zinokukwenza ube nesiyezi kwaye ulale lula. Nje ukuba indlela yakho yokulala ibuyele esiqhelweni, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho kwaye uzame ukuyeka ukuzisebenzisa.
Kwakhona, ezinye iipilisi zokulala (eziqulethe ii-antihistamines, umz. i-diphenhydramine) onokuzithenga ngaphandle kwekhawuntara kwiikhemesti azifanelekanga kwaphela kubantu abane-Alzheimer's . Zinokuphazamisana nonxibelelwano phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo ebuchotsheni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inkumbulo kunye nezakhono zokucinga zibe mandundu.
Amayeza okudakumba kunye neziyobisi ezilwa nokuxhalaba
Uxinzelelo luqhelekile kakhulu kwisifo sika-Alzheimer. Ukuphucula indlela umntu aziva ngayo, ugqirha angamnika amayeza okudakumba. La mayeza anokunceda kungekuphela nje ekudandathekeni, kodwa nakwixhala, iingxaki zokulala, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kunye nokubona izinto ezingekhoyo.
| Uhlobo lweziyobisi | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Ii-SSRI (ii-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) (Amayeza asetyenziswa rhoqo, akhuselekileyo) | ICitalopram (Celexa), iSertraline (Zoloft), iEscitalopram (Lexapro) |
| Ii-SNRI (ii-Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors) | I-Venlafaxine (i-Effexor), i-Duloxetine (i-Cymbalta) |
| Ii-Antidepressants ezingaqhelekanga | I-Mirtazapine (iRemeron), iTrazodone (iDesyrel) |
Isilumkiso: Amayeza okuphelisa uxinzelelo amadala, afana ne-tricyclic antidepressants (umz., i-amitriptyline) kunye ne-SSRI ezifana ne-paroxetine (Paxil), awacetyiswa kubantu abanesifo sika-Alzheimer. Angaphazamisa ngakumbi izakhono zokukhumbula kunye nokucinga.
Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banika amayeza exesha elifutshane abizwa ngokuba yi-benzodiazepines (umz., iLorazepam (Ativan), iDiazepam (Valium)) ukunyanga ixhala, ukungazinzi, kunye nokuziphatha okurhabaxa. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zinokubangela ukozela, isiyezi, ukudideka, kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wokuwa.
Ii-Antipsychotics (amayeza okuxhalabisa kakhulu neengxaki zengqondo)
Ezinye iingxaki zokuziphatha ezenzeka ngesifo sika-Alzheimer zinokuba yingozi kumguli okanye kubanakekeli bakhe. Umzekelo, ubundlobongela obugqithisileyo, ukuzama ukuzilimaza okanye ukwenzakalisa abanye, kunye nokubona okanye ukuva izinto ezingekhoyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, amayeza okulwa nesifo sengqondo angasetyenziswa njengesisombululo sokugqibela, ukuba akukho ndlela yimbi .
La mayeza afanele asetyenziswe ngononophelo olukhulu, phantsi kweliso elibukhali likagqirha. Ngenxa yokuba iingozi zinokuba zingaphezulu kweenzuzo, iingcali zicebisa ukuba asetyenziswe kuphela xa kungekho ndlela zimbi eziye zasebenza.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale eli yeza,
- Ukudala imeko-bume ezolileyo
- Ukuqhela inkqubo yesiqhelo
- Ukuzibandakanya kumsebenzi womzimba
Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uzame izinto ezinjalo.
Amayeza e-antipsychotic (umz., `Risperidone (Risperdal)`, `Quetiapine (Seroquel)`, `Olanzapine (Zyprexa)`) asetyenziselwa:
- Ukuba isigulana sikwimeko yokuzibeka esichengeni okanye sibeke abanye engozini.
- Ukuba ingxaki yokuziphatha yenza kube nzima ukubonelela ngonyango olufunekayo.
- Ukuba unesinye isifo sengqondo (umz. i-schizophrenia ) ukongeza kwisifo sika-Alzheimer.
Kula mayezaKukho umngcipheko omkhulu. Oko kukuthi, kwandisa umngcipheko westroke kunye nokufa kubantu abadala abanesifo se-Alzheimer. Ukongeza, zibangela ukozela okukhulu kwaye zandisa umngcipheko wokuwa. Ukongeza, ezinye zazo zinokulwa nesenzo samayeza aphucula inkumbulo kunye nokucinga kwisifo se-Alzheimer, enciphisa inzuzo yala mayeza.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango ezongezelelweyo
Ukongeza kumayeza akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, amanye amayeza ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziswa "ngaphandle kweleyibhile".
- Imithi Yokuxhuzula: Amayeza okuxhuzula afana neCarbamazepine kunye neGabapentin ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziswa ukulawula ukuxhuzula kwizigulana ze-Alzheimer's.
- Amayeza e-Anti-Parkinson's: Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga isifo sikaParkinson ayafundwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba anokunceda na kwiimpawu ze-Alzheimer's.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sika-Alzheimer asikuko nje ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, kodwa iingxaki zokuziphatha nezengqondo ezihambisana naso nazo ziyinxalenye yesi sifo.
- Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise amayeza kwezi ngxaki, qiniseka ukuba uzama iindlela ezingezizo ezemithi ezifana nokudala imeko-bume ezolileyo, ukugcina inkqubo yemihla ngemihla, kunye nokuthetha ngothando nangobubele .
- Phantse onke amayeza akhankanyiweyo kweli nqaku anemiphumo emibi kakhulu kunye neengozi. Akufanele aqalwe okanye amiswe ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukuba ubona utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela umguli aziphatha ngayo, kunokubakho esinye isizathu somzimba (umz., usulelo lomchamo). Ngoko ke, qala ubonane nogqirha wakho uze uxoxe naye.
- Ukunyamekela umntu omthandayo ngumsebenzi onzima engqondweni. Ngoko ke, khathalela impilo yakho yengqondo. Ungathandabuzi ukucela uncedo ukuba uyalufuna.
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