Ngaba unazo iindawo ezinje ngaphakathi esidleleni sakho? Masifunde nge (Buccal Mucosa Cancer)!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ingaba isilonda esincinci okanye ibala elimhlophe emlonyeni wakho, ingakumbi ngaphakathi esidleleni sakho, linokuba yinto enobungozi? Ngamanye amaxesha asiyihoyi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi zinto azijongwanga kakuhle, isenokuba ngumhlaza wangaphakathi esidleleni sakho (`Buccal Mucosa Cancer`) . Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, kuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda le nto.

Yintoni le mhlaza ingaphakathi esidleleni (Buccal Mucosa Cancer)?

Ngamafutshane, lo ngumhlaza okhula kwizicubu ezithambileyo ezingaphakathi emlonyeni wethu, ulwelo lwezidlele zethu, olubizwa ngokuba yi-mucous membrane . Oogqirha bathi olu luhlobo lomhlaza olwenzeka kwindawo yentloko nentamo.

Ungacinga, ingaphakathi lezidlele zethu liqala emilebeni ukuya kumazinyo okugqibela ngasemva? Elo candelo libizwa ngokuba yi-'buccal mucosa'. Le yi- membrane ethambileyo nefumileyo . Yenziwe ngamaleko amaninzi ezicubu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukunceda imilomo yethu xa sisitya kwaye sihlafuna. Ikwakhusela ingaphakathi lemilomo yethu kwiikhemikhali ezinobuthi kunye nosulelo kwizinto esizityayo nesiziselayo.

Ziziphi iintlobo zalo mhlaza ezikhoyo?

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza oluvela ngaphakathi esidleleni lubizwa ngokuba yi -'Squamous cell carcinoma.' Ezi seli ze-'squamous' luhlobo lweseli ethe tyaba, ebhityileyo efumaneka kumaleko ophezulu wolusu. Ngoko ke, kukwezi seli apho lo mhlaza uqala khona.

• `I-Carcinoma in situ` : Eli linqanaba lokuqala apho umhlaza usaphelele kumaleko ongaphezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba awukasasazeki nzulu . Ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba, kulula ukunyanga.
• Umhlaza ohlaselayo : Nangona kunjalo, njengoko umhlaza uqhubeka, unokusasazeka uye kwiindawo ezingaphantsi kwezicubu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uye nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba . Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza osasazekayo .

Ukongeza kule `Squamous cell carcinoma`, kukho nezinye iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga zomhlaza. Nazi:

• I-Lymphoma : Kukho iiseli ze-lymphoid kwingaphakathi lomlomo wethu. I-Lymphoma yenzeka xa ezi seli zisiba ngumhlaza .
• I-Mucosal melanoma : Njenge-melanoma, ekhula eluswini lwethu, lo mhlaza ungakhula nakwiiseli ze-pigment (melanocytes) ezingaphakathi emlonyeni.
• I-Verrucous carcinoma : Olu luhlobo lomhlaza olukhula kancinci kodwa kulula ukulunyanga . Lusenokubonakala ngathi yi-cauliflower.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le mhlaza?

Enyanisweni, i-'Buccal Mucosa Cancer' ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga.Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthethwa ngomhlaza womlomo, oku kukwayinxalenye enye. Ngokutsho kwe-American Cancer Society, malunga ne-15,000 yamatyala amatsha omhlaza womlomo axelwa minyaka le. Oku kuquka umhlaza wesidlele, wamazinyo, weentsini, nowempuku, kunye nomhlaza wolwimi.

Umngcipheko wokuba nalo mhlaza uyanda ngokukhula . Uxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku njengoko ukhula.

Zithini iimpawu zalo mhlaza?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela iimpawu kwasekuqaleni . Ukuba unale mpawu emlonyeni wakho kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha.

Iimpawu zokuqala:

• Izilonda ezibuhlungu okanye izilonda emlonyeni, ingakumbi ezidleleni.
• Inkangeleko yamabala okanye amabala aphakanyisiweyo, amhlophe okanye abomvu .
• Ukopha okungapheliyo, ingakumbi emva kokutya okanye ukuhlamba amazinyo akho.

Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka ukuba umhlaza usasazeka:

Ukuba umhlaza uba mkhulu, okanye usasazeka kwizicubu ezijikeleze umlomo okanye kwii-lymph nodes entanyeni, iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Umoya ombi .
• Ukuziva kunzima ukuvula umlomo.
• Amazinyo aqala ukukhululeka .
• I-lymph node entanyeni iyadumba kwaye ivakala ngathi yiqhuma .
• Ukurhawuzelela okanye ukungaziva kakuhle emlonyeni.
• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya (`Ubunzima bokuginya`).
• Ukuba umhlathi uvuvukile kwaye unxiba amazinyo okufakelwa, kuvakala ngathi awangeni kakuhle emlonyeni wakho .

Ukuba ngequbuliso unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ungoyiki. Kodwa, ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso. Kuba okukhona ufumanisa kwangoko, kokukhona kulula ukunyanga.

Yintoni ebangela lo mhlaza?

Eyona sizathu siphambili sokuphuhliswa kwe-'Buccal Mucosa Cancer' kukuvezwa kwezinto eziyingozi emizimbeni yethu . Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezo zinto:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba : Oku kuquka ukutshaya icuba elifana neecuba, iicuba, kunye neepayipi, kunye necuba elingatshayiyo (izinto ezisetyenziswa ne-chewing gum, i-chewing gum) . Kwilizwe lethu, i-chewing gum ixhaphake kakhulu. Esinye sezizathu zoku yi-betel nut (`i-Betel nut`) equlethwe kuyo. I-Betel nut sisikhuthazi esikhula e-Asia nase-Afrika. Abantu bayayigaya ibe ngumgubo, bayisonge ngegqabi, baze bayihlafune.
• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngokugqithisileyo: Le ngozi ikwaphezulu nakubantu abasela utywala obuninzi rhoqo.
• I-Human Papilloma Virus (HPV): I-HPV yintsholongwane edluliselwa ngesondo. Ezinye iintlobo ze-HPV zinokubangela umhlaza wendawo yesini kunye nomva womqala. Nangona kunjalo, indlela echaphazela ngayo umhlaza womlomo, njengeemihlathi, ayikaqondwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukongeza koku, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezandisa umngcipheko:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwentsangu .
• Ucoceko lomlomo olubi .
• Ukutya okungenampilo .

Ufunyaniswa njani lo mhlaza?

Rhoqo, xa usiya kugqirha wamazinyo, into yokuqala abayiqaphelayo kukutshintsha ngaphakathi kwesidlele sakho xa behlola umlomo wakho. Ukuba bakrokrela ukuba kukho into engalunganga, baya kukuthumela kwingcali (umboneleli wezempilo) ukuze ufumane uvavanyo olongezelelweyo. Olu vavanyo lungabandakanya:

• I-Biopsy: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yezicubu kwindawo erhanelekayo uze uyivavanye kwilebhu . Ukuba kuvela iqhuma, ugqirha angasebenzisa i-scalpel, isixhobo sokubhoboza, ibrashi, okanye inaliti encinci ukuthatha isampuli. Le yindlela yokufumanisa ukuba ingaba inomhlaza na.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Uvavanyo olufana ne-CT scans, i-MRI scans, kunye ne-PET scans lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba aqonde ngcono ngesimila aze abone ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwezinye iindawo.

Zithini iiklasi kunye nezigaba zalo mhlaza?

Udidi lomhlaza lumiselwa ziziphumo ze-biopsy, ejonga indlela ezahluke ngayo iiseli zomhlaza kwiiseli eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo, kunye nendlela ezibukeka kwaye zakhiwe ngayo.

• Iiseli ezahlulwe kakuhle: Ezi zifana kakhulu nezicwili eziphilileyo kwaye ngenxa yoko zinomngcipheko omncinci wokusasazeka .
• Iiseli ezingahlukaniswanga kakuhle: Ezi zahluke kakhulu kwizicubu eziphilileyo kwaye ngenxa yoko zinomngcipheko omkhulu wokusasazeka .

Amanqanaba omhlaza wesihlathi ahlulwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• `GX`: Ibanga alivavanywanga.
• `G1`: Ichazwe kakuhle.
• `G2`: Yahlulwe ngokuphakathi.
• `G3` kunye `G4`: Azifani kakuhle.

Ukulinganisa umhlaza yindlela oogqirha abayisebenzisayo ukuqonda ukuba umhlaza unzima kangakanani kwaye ufanele unyangwe njani. Oku kuphenjelelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ubungakanani bethumba.
• Nokuba sele isasazeke na kwiindawo ze-lymph node (`Ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node`).
• Nokuba sele isasazeke na kwamanye amalungu omzimba (`Metastasis`).

Kukho amanqanaba 1 ukuya ku-4. Inqanaba 1 (`Inqanaba 1`)Oku kuthetha ukuba ithumba lincinci, alisasazekanga kwiindawo ze-lymph nodes, kwaye alisasazekanga nakwezinye iindawo. Kwezinye izigaba, kunokubakho indibaniselwano eyahlukeneyo yezi zinto.

Inyangwa njani le `Buccal Mucosa Cancer`?

Ugqirha wakho uza kudala isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwisifo sakho, ibakala, kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza.

Utyando ludla ngokuba lolona nyango luphambili lolu hlobo lomhlaza. Ugqirha uzama ukususa umhlaza omninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngexesha lotyando, kusetyenziswa iindlela ezikhethekileyo ukunciphisa umonakalo kwizicwili eziphilileyo ezingqongileyo nokugcina ukusebenza komlomo.

Emva kotyando, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iindlela zonyango zokuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi. Ezi ziquka:

• Unyango ngemitha: Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu yamandla emitha ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamayeza zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza.

Ngaba lo mhlaza ungathintelwa?

Ewe, kunokwenzeka ngenene! Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo onokuzenza ukuthintela uphuhliso lwe-'Buccal Mucosa Cancer' zezi:

• Kuphephe ukusela utywala kakhulu.
• Ukuyeka ukutshaya nokusebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba licebo elihle, ingakumbi ukuba unesiko lokuhlafuna amagqabi e-betel.

Kwakhona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kuhlolwa amazinyo rhoqo ('ukutyelela amazinyo') . Emva koko, ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho emlonyeni, lunokubonwa kwangethuba . Ukuba kunjalo, kulula kakhulu ukunyanga.

Ithini ingqikelelo yalo mhlaza?

Ukufunyanwa kwangoko yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kolu hlobo lomhlaza. Okukhona uyibona ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba akho okusinda aba maninzi. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba uyibona kwangoko, amathuba okusinda kule meko ngamanye amaxesha anokuba mancinci kakhulu.

Kolunye uphando olwenziwe kwizigulane ezingama-30 ezine-`Buccal Mucosa Cancer`, yi-53% kuphela eyayiphila emva kweminyaka emihlanu emva konyango. Kwakhona, malunga nesiqingatha somhlaza wayo wabuya. Kodwa khumbula, olu luphononongo oluncinci kakhulu . Ngoko ke alunakutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ngemeko yakho. Imeko yomntu ngamnye inokwahluka.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ubona naziphi na izilonda, amabala aphakanyisiweyo, okanye ukopha emlonyeni wakho, ingakumbi ezidleleni zakho, ebezikho kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini , qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wamazinyo okanye ugqirha jikelele. Isenokuba yinto encinci, kodwa kungcono ukuyihlola.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

`Umhlaza weBuccal Mucosa` luhlobo lomhlaza oluqala emlonyeni kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lunokuba yingozi ebomini. Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba kunye notywala zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela oku.Ukuba usebenzisa icuba okanye utywala, cela ugqirha wakho akuncede ekunciphiseni okanye ekuyekeni. Angakunika iinkqubo kunye neengcebiso eziya kukunceda wenze njalo.

Ukufunyanwa kwesi sifo kwangethuba kubalulekile . Ndwendwela ugqirha wamazinyo rhoqo. Ukuba uneempawu ezihlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini, xelela ugqirha wakho . Ukuba une-`Buccal Mucosa Cancer`, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa isicwangciso sonyango esiza kukunika ithuba elihle lokuchacha. Musa ukoyika, yiba nesibindi.

Umhlaza wempundu , umhlaza womlomo, umhlaza wempundu, iimpawu zomhlaza, unobangela womhlaza, unyango lomhlaza, icuba kunye nomhlaza