Masifunde nge-COVID-19 kunye noVavanyo lwee-Antibody ngendlela elula.

Uyakhumbula ukuba ubhubhane we-COVID-19 waqala nini? Wonke umntu wayethetha ngale ntsholongwane nendlela yokuzikhusela kuyo. Ngoko ke, omnye wemibuzo abantu abaninzi abayibuzayo yayikukuba, 'Andazi ukuba ndagula ndaza ndaphila na, okanye ndafumana isitofu kwaye umzimba wam wakhuseleka?' Uvavanyo lwe-antibody yinto enceda ekuphenduleni imibuzo efana naleyo. Masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula namhlanje, kulungile?

Ngoko ke zithini ezi antibodies?

Ngamafutshane, ii-antibodies zifana nabalindi bokhuseleko bomzimba. Ngokuchanekileyo, luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweproteni eyenziwa yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba . Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha bazibiza ngokuba 'zii-immunoglobulins' , igama elifana nelesayensi.

Khawucinge ukuba isela lifike endlwini yakho, ubuya kuba nonogada oza kulibona isela aze aligxothe. Yile ndlela ezi antibodies ezisebenza ngayo. Xa intsholongwane, oko kukuthi, ibhaktheriya okanye intsholongwane, ingena emizimbeni yethu, ezi antibodies 'ziyayiqonda' loo ntsholongwane. Ziyayiqonda kwaye zilwe nayo, kwaye zinceda ekutshabalaliseni loo ntsholongwane, okanye ubuncinane ukuyisusa emizimbeni yethu.

Ezi antibodies zihlala ziveliswa emizimbeni yethu nokuba emva kokuba sigule saza saphila, okanye emva kokuba sigonyelwe eso sifo. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba xa ezi antibodies zivelisiwe, ezinye zazo zihlala emizimbeni yethu okwethutyana. Uyazi ukuba kutheni? Ukuba intsholongwane efanayo izama ukungena emizimbeni yethu kwakhona, ezi antibodies ziyayiqonda ngokukhawuleza kwaye zilwe nayo ngokukhawuleza kunangaphambili, zisikhusela. Kufana nejoni eliphumelele imfazwe kwaye lilungele ixesha elizayo xa utshaba lufika.

Ngoko ke, yintoni olu vavanyo lwe-antibody?

Oku kulula kakhulu. Uvavanyo lwe-antibody luvavanyo lokujonga ukuba unazo na ezo antibodies sithethe ngazo ngaphambili egazini lakho, kwaye ukuba zikhona, zingaphi. Njengokuba amapolisa efuna ubungqina bokubamba isela, oogqirha bathatha inxalenye yegazi lakho baze bakhangele 'amajoni' aphuhliswe ukulwa nezo ntsholongwane.

Kutheni le nto kwenziwa uvavanyo lwe-antibody lwe-COVID-19?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba kutheni ezi zilingo ze-antibody zenziwa ze-COVID-19. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo.

• Fumanisa ukuba ukhe waba nesi sifo ngaphambili: Abanye abantu bafumana i-COVID-19 kodwa ababonisi zimpawu zibalulekileyo. Okanye banomkhuhlane omncinci. Ngoko ke abazi nokuba bakha baba naso na esi sifo okanye akunjalo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, olu vavanyo lunokujonga ukuba umzimba wakho uphuhlisile na ii-antibodies ezichasene nentsholongwane ye-COVID-19. Ukuba unezi-antibodies ezinjalo, oko kuthetha ukuba ukhe wosulelwa yi-COVID-19 ngaphambili.

• Jonga indlela umzimba okwaziyo ukumelana nomzimba emva kokugonywa:Sifumene isitofu se-COVID-19 sokukhusela umzimba, oko kukuthi, ukuvelisa ii-antibodies. Ngoko ke ukuba uthatha uvavanyo olufana nolu kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokufumana isitofu, ungafumana umbono wokuba umzimba wakho uvelise ii-antibodies ezifanelekileyo na, kwaye zingakanani na. Kodwa khumbula, asikobungakanani bee-antibodies kuphela okumisela ukhuseleko lwethu . Siza kuthetha ngaloo nto kamva.

• Uphando kunye nempilo yoluntu : Xa usenza olu vavanyo phakathi kwabantu abaninzi, ungafumana ulwazi oluninzi oluxabisekileyo, olufana nokuba bangaphi abantu abafumene esi sifo, ukuba isitofu sisebenza kangakanani, kunye nendlela intsholongwane esasazeka ngayo. Olu lwazi lusetyenziselwa ukwenza izigqibo malunga nendlela yokulawula ubhubhane njengelizwe.

• Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo: Umzekelo, ii-antibodies ezivela egazini labantu abaphulukene ne-COVID-19 (ebizwa ngokuba yi -'convalescent plasma' ) zinokuthathwa zinikwe abantu abagula kakhulu njengonyango. Olu vavanyo lwee-antibody lunokunceda ekumiseleni ukuba kufanelekile na ukufumana i-plasma kumntu onjalo.

Zeziphi iintlobo eziphambili zee-antibodies ezinxulumene ne-COVID-19?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-antibodies emizimbeni yethu. Xa sithetha nge- COVID-19 , sigxila kakhulu kwiintlobo ezimbini zee-antibodies.

1. Ii-antibodies ze-IgM: Ezi zii-antibodies zokuqala eziveliswayo xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni. Zifana nomkhosi wokuqala ukufika ekuqaleni kwemfazwe. Zibonisa ukuba kukho usulelo olutshanje. Nangona kunjalo, ezi antibodies ze-IgM zihlala zinyamalala emzimbeni emva kwexesha elithile.

2. Ii-IgG Antibodies: Ezi zithatha ixesha ukuba ziphuhliswe, kwaye zihlala zibonakala emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba ii-IgM antibodies zenziwe. Kodwa ezi antibodies ze-IgG zezona zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluhlala ixesha elide . Njengamajoni anamava nanobuchule, ezi zihlala emzimbeni ixesha elide, zilungele ukulwa ukuba intsholongwane ibuye. Ezi antibodies ze-IgG zihlala zijongwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba sinokhuseleko lwexesha elide emva kwe-COVID-19 okanye emva kogonyo.

Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo lwe-antibody?

Kulula kakhulu. Xa usiya kugqirha, ukuba bagqiba kwelokuba uyaludinga olu vavanyo, baza kuthatha isampuli encinci yegazi elivela kumthambo osengalweni yakho . Ayibuhlungu, njengokunika igazi ukuze kuhlolwe igazi rhoqo. Emva koko loo sampuli yegazi ithunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze ivavanywe. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho izixhobo zovavanyo ezikhawulezayo ezithatha ithontsi elincinci legazi emnweni wakho, kodwa zisenokungachaneki njengovavanyo lwelabhoratri.

Ungaziqonda njani iziphumo zengxelo yovavanyo?

Xa iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwe-antibody zibuya, ziya kuthi 'Zilungile' okanye 'Zimbi'.

• Iziphumo ezilungileyo: Oku kuthetha ukuba ii-antibodies ze-COVID-19 zifunyenwe egazini lakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba,
• Usenokuba ukhe waba ne-COVID-19 ngaphambili (nokuba uneempawu okanye awunazo).
• Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufumene isitofu sokugonya se-COVID-19 kwaye umzimba wakho usenokuba uvelise ii-antibodies ezisabela kuso.

• Isiphumo esibi: Oku kuthetha ukuba ii-antibodies ze-COVID-19 azikhange zifunyanwe egazini lakho. Oku kunokubangela izizathu ezahlukeneyo:
• Usenokuba awuzange ube ne-COVID-19.
• Usenokuba awukagonywa, okanye kusenokwenzeka ukuba akukathathi xesha lide ngokwaneleyo ukususela oko wafumana igonyo ukuze uvelise ii-antibodies (ngesiqhelo kuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa).
• Ukuba sele kudlule ixesha elide ukususela oko wagula okanye wagonywa, amanqanaba akho e-antibody anokwehla ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba abanye abantu bavelise ii-antibodies, kodwa amanqanaba asenokuba aphantsi kakhulu ukuba angabonwa ngovavanyo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lwe-antibody. Angakuchazela ngendlela efanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule malunga novavanyo lwe-antibody

Nangona uvavanyo lwe-COVID-19 antibody luluncedo kakhulu, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzazi ngazo.

• Ukuba nee-antibodies akuyonto yokukhusela eyi-100%: Ukuba nee-antibodies emzimbeni wakho akuthethi ukuba awusayi kuphinda ufumane i-COVID-19 kwakhona. Ii-antibodies ziyinxalenye enye yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba . Ukongeza, ezinye izinto ezininzi, ezifana ' nee-T -cells', zinegalelo ekukhuselekeni kwethu. Ke ngoko, nokuba une-antibodies, ungaphinda ugule kwakhona, kodwa ukuba unayo, isifo sinokuba sibi kakhulu.

• Amanqanaba e-antibody ayatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha: Ubungakanani bee-antibodies eziveliswa yimizimba yethu abusoloko bufana. Amanqanaba azo anokwehla kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngoko ke, nokuba amanqanaba e-antibody yakho aphezulu namhlanje, anokwehla kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.

• Olu asilovavanyo lokujonga ukuba unesifo na: Kulapho abantu abaninzi benza khona iimpazamo. Uvavanyo lwe-antibody lukuxelela kuphela ukuba ukhe waba naso esi sifo ngaphambili okanye ukuba ukhe wavelisa ii-antibodies kwi-vaccine. Alunakukuxelela ukuba ngaba wosulelwe yi-COVID-19 okwangoku okanye ukuba unokosulela omnye umntu. Oko kwenziwa nokuba luvavanyo lwe-PCR okanye uvavanyo lwe -Rapid Antigen .

• Uvavanyo olwahlukileyo, iziphumo ezahlukeneyo:Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwe-antibody ezithengiswayo. Ayizizo zonke ezibuthathaka ngokulinganayo. Ezinye iimvavanyo zikhangela ii-antibodies kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane ye-COVID-19. Ke ngoko, iziphumo zovavanyo olwenziwe yilabhoratri enye zinokwahluka kancinci kwiziphumo zovavanyo olwenziwe yilabhoratri enye.

• Ii-antibodies emva kokugonywa: Ayinguye wonke umntu ovelisa ii-antibodies ngendlela efanayo emva kokufumana isitofu se-COVID-19. Zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobudala, nokuba kukho ezinye izifo , kunye nohlobo lwesitofu esifunyenweyo.

Ngoko ke, akufuneki siyeke ukwenza iindlela zempilo esizilandelayo ukuze sizikhusele kwi-COVID-19 (ukunxiba iimaski, ukuhlamba izandla, ukugcina umgama phakathi kwabantu) ngokusekelwe kuphela kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwe-antibody. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nezo ndlela.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule kuzo zonke ezi zinto? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Sithethe kakhulu ngovavanyo lwe-COVID-19 Antibody. Nazi izinto ezilula ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Ii-antibodies ziiproteni ezikhethekileyo ezenziwe yinkqubo yomzimba yokulwa neentsholongwane emizimbeni yethu.
• Uvavanyo lwe-antibody ye-COVID-19 lujonga ukuba igazi lakho linazo na ii-antibodies ezichasene nentsholongwane.
• Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde ukuba ukhe wanayo na le ntsholongwane ngaphambili okanye ukuba sele uvelise ii-antibodies kwi-vaccine .
• Iziphumo ezilungileyo zithetha ukuba kukho ii-antibodies. Iziphumo ezimbi zithetha ukuba ii-antibodies azikwazanga kubonwa.
• Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo aluyilwanga ukufumanisa usulelo olukhoyo . Oko kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-PCR okanye i-Antigen Test.
• Nokuba unee-antibodies, musa ukucinga ukuba ukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo . Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokulandela iindlela ezilungileyo zempilo.
• Amanqanaba e-antibodies anokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lwakho, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho .

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda. Ekubeni ubhubhane we-COVID-19 ungekapheli, kubalulekile ukuba sonke sihlale silumkile. Ukuba uneengxaki, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Uvavanyo lwe- Antibody, i-COVID-19, i-Covid-19, ii-Antibody, uKhuseleko lo ...