Usenokuba ukhe wambona kwimuvi okanye kumdlalo weTV, umntu elele ebhedini, engazi nto, engashukumi. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi " coma ". Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kufana nokulala ubuthongo obunzulu. Kodwa eneneni, i-coma yimeko yezonyango eyahlukileyo kakhulu kwaye imbi kakhulu. Kule meko, nangona umntu esaphila, akukho ndlela yokumvusa. Ngoko ke, ukuze siphendule imibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho, masithethe ngale coma namhlanje.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-coma?
Cinga ngomntu okwi-coma njengofana neTV evuliweyo kodwa engenazo iitshaneli. ITV ivuliwe, izibane zivuliwe, kodwa akukho nto esikrinini. Ngokufanayo, umntu okwi-coma intliziyo yakhe ibetha, iphefumla, kwaye iinkqubo zangaphakathi zomzimba ziyaqhubeka, kodwa ingqondo yakhe ayinanxibelelwano nehlabathi langaphandle.
Ngamafutshane, i-coma yimeko yokungazi nto ixesha elide . Yahlukile kakhulu ebuthongweni obunzulu. Singamvusa umntu ebuthongweni obunzulu ngokwenza ingxolo okanye ukumbetha emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, umntu okwi-coma akanakuvuswa nokuba kumenza azive ebuhlungu. Le meko ibangelwa kukonakala okukhulu kwengqondo.
Yintoni ebangela ukuba umntu abe yi-coma?
Eyona nto ibangela i-coma kukonakala kwengqondo. Lo monakalo unokuba ngeendlela ezininzi. Omnye umonakalo ngowexeshana kwaye unokunyangeka . Kodwa omnye umonakalo uhlala ixesha elide kwaye unokukhokelela ekufeni. Ngaphezulu kwama-50% e-coma abangelwa kukwenzakala entloko kunye neengxaki zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi engqondweni.
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izizathu eziphambili.
| Isizathu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukulimala entloko (Ukwenzakala) | Xa ubetheka entloko kwingozi, ingqondo yakho ingadumba okanye yophe. Oku kudumba kunokubangela uxinzelelo engqondweni kwaye konakalise inxalenye yengqondo elawula ingqondo (iReticular Activating System - RAS). |
| Ukulimala kobuchopho obungenatyhefu | Ioksijini ibalulekile engqondweni. Ukuba ingqondo ayifumani oksijini kangangemizuzu embalwa, nokuba kungenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ukurhaxwa, okanye ukukrwitshwa, iiseli zengqondo ziqala ukufa. |
| Istroke | I-coma inokwenzeka xa igazi lisiya kwindawo enkulu yengqondo liyeka okanye xa ingqondo idumba ngenxa yokopha. |
| Iswekile Egazini | Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini (i-hyperglycemia) okanye amanqanaba aphantsi eswekile egazini (i-hypoglycemia) anokubangela ukuba umntu abe ne-coma kwizigulane ezineswekile. Oku kudla ngokuphela xa amanqanaba eswekile egazini elawulwa. |
| Iintsholongwane | Iintsholongwane ezichaphazela ingqondo okanye inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi, ezifana ne-meningitis okanye i-encephalitis, zinokubangela ukuba ingqondo idumbe kwaye ibangele i-coma. |
| Iityhefu | Isifo sesibindi okanye sezintso sinokubangela iityhefu (umz. i-ammonia, i-urea) ekufuneka zisuswe emzimbeni ukuze ziqokelele emzimbeni kwaye zonakalise ingqondo. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweziyobisi okanye utywala nako kunokuba yimbangela. |
| Isifo sokuwa/ Ukuxhuzula | Ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula esingapheliyo (Status Epilepticus), ingqondo ayinalo ixesha lokuphola phakathi kokuxhuzula . Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-coma. |
Uyibona njani i-coma?
Kuphela ngoogqirha abanokufumanisa ukuba umntu akakho zingqondweni okanye ukwi-coma. Kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukufumana unobangela.
Oogqirha bajonga ezi zinto:
- Inqanaba lempendulo:Siyabona ukuba bayasabela na xa kubizwa igama labo, xa bephathwa emzimbeni, okanye xa bebangela intlungu encinci (umz., ukucinezela umnwe).
- Iimpendulo zamehlo: Xa uvula amehlo akho uze uwakhanyisele, uyabona ukuba umfundi uba mncinci na.
- Indlela yokuphefumla: Jonga ukuba ukuphefumla akuqhelekanga, kuyakhawuleza, okanye kuyacotha.
- Indlela umzimba ome ngayo: Jonga ukuba amalungu omzimba agobile okanye aqinile ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
Ukongeza kwezi mvavanyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza usapho malunga nokuba kwenzeke ntoni ngaphambi kwesiganeko. Ukongeza, kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi, uvavanyo lomchamo, kunye novavanyo olufana ne -CT scan okanye i-MRI scan ukujonga imeko yengqondo.
Oogqirha basebenzisa isikali esikhethekileyo ukulinganisa le meko. Sibizwa ngokuba yiGlasgow Coma Scale (GCS) . Simisela inqanaba lokungazi nto ngokunika amanqaku kwizinto ezifana nokuvula amehlo, intshukumo, kunye nentetho . Okukhona amanqaku ephantsi, kokukhona imeko iba mandundu.
Uyinyanga njani i-coma?
I-coma yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Ukuba ubona umntu elahlekelwa zingqondo okanye elahlekelwa zingqondo, fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko uze ufumane i-ambulensi. Ukumsa esibhedlele, ingakumbi iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU), ngokukhawuleza kunokunceda ukunciphisa umonakalo engqondweni.
Esibhedlele, unyango lumiselwa ngunobangela we-coma.
- Ukunyanga unobangela: Ukuba lusulelo, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Ukuba ingqondo idumbile, kunikwa amayeza okunciphisa ukudumba. Ukuba kukho ukopha okanye ithumba engqondweni, kunokufuneka utyando. Ukuba kungenxa yesifo seswekile, amanqanaba eswekile egazini ayalawulwa.
- Inkxaso Yobomi: Izigulana ezikwi-coma zihlala zinyanyekelwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) . Ukuba zinengxaki yokuphefumla zodwa, ziqhagamshelwe kwi -ventilator .
- Ukhathalelo oluxhasayo: Xa isigulana sikwi-coma, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela ezinye iingxaki ukuba zingabikho.
- Isondlo: Ngenxa yokuba engakwazi ukutya okanye ukusela, unikwa ukutya okumanzi ngetyhubhu yokondla.
- Ukhathalelo lolusu: Izilonda ebhedini zinokuvela ngokuhlala kwindawo enye. Ukuthintela oku, jika isigulana rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbalwa.
- Izihlunu kunye namalungu:Ukungakwazi ukuhamba kunokubangela ukuba izihlunu ziqine kwaye amalungu aqine. Ukuze kuthintelwe oku, iingcali zonyango lwe-physiotherapists ziyakunceda ukuhambisa amalungu akho.
Ngaba ungaphinda ubuyele ezingqondweni emva kokuba ukhe wagula?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Ukuchacha emva kokuba umntu ekwi-coma kuxhomekeke kwisizathu, ubude bexesha ekwi-coma, kunye nempilo yesigulana iyonke.
Kunqabile ukuzifumana uvula amehlo ngequbuliso ubuza uthi, "Ndiphi?" njengakwiimuvi. Ukuchacha yinkqubo ecothayo kakhulu, ethatha inyathelo ngenyathelo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, xa isigulane siqala ukuphinda siqonde, siqala ngokuphendula kwizandi okanye kwiintlungu. Emva koko, sivula amehlo kancinci kancinci. Ngexesha lokuqala kwengqondo, abantu abaninzi banokudideka kwaye baphazamiseke . Basenokuziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunangaphambili. Konke oku kuyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuphiliswa. Kungathatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka ukuba baphile ngokupheleleyo. Abanye abantu banokuba neziphene ezingapheliyo. Basenokufuna iinkonzo zokubuyisela impilo yabo kwimeko yesiqhelo ezifana nonyango lomzimba kunye nonyango lomsebenzi ukuze babuyele esiqhelweni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-coma ayikokulala ubuthongo obunzulu, yimeko embi kakhulu yempilo ebangelwa kukonakala okukhulu kwengqondo.
- Ukuba umntu ufunyenwe engazi nto kwaye engenakukwazi ukuphinda aphile, oko kufanele kuthathwe njengengxamiseko kwaye u-1990 kufuneka abizwe ngoko nangoko aze asiwe kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) .
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyanga unobangela we-coma nokubonelela ngoncedo oluxhasayo.
- Ukuchacha emva kokuba ukhe wagula yinkqubo ecothayo , kwaye inkxaso yosapho kunye neqela lezonyango ibalulekile.
- Xoxa nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onazo malunga nemeko yomntu omthandayo . Musa ukuthembela kuphela koko ukuvayo kwi-intanethi okanye kwabanye abantu.
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