Ngaba i-COVID-19 iyichaphazele imiphunga yakho? (Umonakalo wemiphunga we-COVID-19) Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha!

Uyakhumbula xa i-COVID-19 yathabatha ulawulo lwehlabathi? Ngelo xesha, sonke sasibambe umoya wethu sisoyika. Ngoko ke, xa le ntsholongwane ye-COVID-19 ingena emizimbeni yethu, ingonakalisa imiphunga yethu ngakumbi. Kwabanye abantu, inokubangela i-pneumonia enzima okanye uxinzelelo lokuphefumla . Kwabanye, nokuba sele bephilile, banokuba nengxaki yokuphefumla kwaye bazive bediniwe okwethutyana.

Yintoni umonakalo owenzeka emiphungeni ngenxa yeCOVID-19?

Ngamafutshane, i-COVID-19 sisifo esichaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla. Xa le ntsholongwane ingena emiphungeni yethu, inkqubo yomzimba yethu yokuzikhusela iqala ukulwa nayo. Kule mpi, ukudumba kwenzeka ngaphakathi emiphungeni. Ukuba oku kudumba akulawuleki, kunokonakalisa neeseli zethu zemiphunga ezisempilweni. Kufana nemfazwe, xa silwa notshaba, ngamanye amaxesha icala lethu nalo liyalimala.

Ngokwesiqhelo, izifo zokuphefumla ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo zinokuchaphazela imiphunga ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Kodwa xa i-COVID-19 yaqala ukusasazeka, oogqirha baqaphela ukuba inokuba mandundu ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibangele umonakalo omkhulu kwimiphunga. Olunye ulwazi lubonisa ukuba uhlobo lwangoku, i-Omicron, lunokuchaphazela ngakumbi indlela yokuphefumla ephezulu (impumlo nomqala) kunendlela yangaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, isenokonakalisa imiphunga kwaye ibangele iingxaki ezinkulu.

Zithini iimpawu zomonakalo wemiphunga we-COVID-19?

Ukuba une-COVID-19, iimpawu zeemeko ezibangelwa kukonakala kwemiphunga zingabandakanya:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla kancinci .
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe ngendlela enganyamezelekiyo.
• Ifiva .
• Ukutshintsha kombala wesikhumba, imilebe, okanye iinzipho okwesibhakabhaka okanye ongwevu (cyanosis) . Oku kwenzeka xa igazi lingafumani ioksijini eyaneleyo.
• Ukuphefumla okukhawulezayo, okusebenzayo.
• Ukuva intlungu okanye ukuxinana esifubeni .

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unomonakalo wemiphunga ixesha elide emva kokuba uphilile kwi -COVID-19 , usenokungabi nazimpawu. Okanye ungaziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo okanye udinwe lula, nokuba unomsebenzi omncinci. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zinokuba mandundu kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Kutheni i-COVID-19 yonakalisa imiphunga?

Eyona nto iphambili kukuba inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba isabela ngokugqithisileyo . Khawuthelekelele, iiseli zethu zokuzikhusela komzimba ziya kwindawo apho intsholongwane ifike khona zize zilwe nayo. Kulungile oko. Kodwa, ukuba olu dabi alulawuleki, oko kukuthi, ukuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba iyasebenza ngokugqithisileyo, inokonakalisa nezicubu ezisempilweni.

Xa iindonga zeengxowa zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni yethu (esizibiza ngokuba yi-alveoli ) zonakele kwaye zibuthathaka, ziqala ukuzaliswa lulwelo. Emva koko umoya awukwazi ukungena, kwaye ioksijini ayikwazi ukungena egazini okanye emzimbeni wonke.

Oku kuvutha kunokubangela amaqhuqhuva emiphungeni okanye amanxeba emiphungeni. Oku kungathatha ixesha elide ukuphola kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yinto engapheliyo.

Olu hlobo lomonakalo lunokwenzeka nakwezinye izifo zokuphefumla, kodwa kubonakala ngathi lunokuba lukhulu kwi-COVID-19. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba intsholongwane ibangela ukusabela okugqithisileyo kwenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba, umzekelo , iziphepho ze-cytokine . Okanye kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba intsholongwane isebenzisa iiseli zethu zokuzikhusela komzimba ukuhlasela imiphunga.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokulimala kwemiphunga ngenxa ye-COVID-19?

Ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo, unokuba ne-COVID-19 enzima kwaye wonakalise imiphunga yakho:

• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe .
• Ukuba utshaya okanye ukhe watshaya ngaphambili.
• Ukuba ukhe wafakelwa amalungu omzimba okanye wafakelwa i-stem cell .
• Ukuba awukayithathi i-COVID-19 vaccine.
• Ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka - oku kunokubangelwa zizifo ezifana nomhlaza, amayeza athile, usulelo lwe-HIV, okanye i-primary immunodeficiency .

Kwakhona, ukuba unenye yezi meko zempilo zilandelayo, umngcipheko wakho unokwanda:

• Umhlaza.
• Izifo zemiphunga ezihlala ixesha elide okanye iimeko ezichaphazela imiphunga, umzekelo, i-asthma, i-COPD (iSifo esingapheliyo seMiphunga) , kunye ne-cystic fibrosis .
• Iimeko ezichaphazela intliziyo, izintso, isibindi, igazi, okanye ingqondo.
• Iimeko zokuzalwa, umzekelo , i-cerebral palsy okanye i-Down syndrome .
• Isifo seswekile (isifo seswekile).
• Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.

Zithini iingxaki zomonakalo wemiphunga we-COVID-19?

Ukudumba okubangelwa yi-COVID-19 kunye nezinye izifo kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana nezi:

• Isifo semiphunga: Esi sisifo sosulelo lwemiphunga. Kule meko, iingxowa zomoya zizaliswa lulwelo.
• I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS):Le yimeko embi kakhulu. Kule meko, uninzi lweengxowa zomoya ezikwimiphunga yakho zizaliswa lulwelo, nto leyo ethintela ioksijini ukuba ingangeni egazini lakho.
• Amaqhuqhuva emiphungeni: Amaqhuqhuva asenokuhlala emiphungeni ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwe kukudumba.
• I-Pulmonary fibrosis: Iindawo ezonakeleyo zemiphunga zinokuba namanxeba. Ngamanye amaxesha, olu xinzelelo lunokuqhubeka lukhula nasemva kokuba uphilile kwisifo.
• I-COVID ende: Abanye abantu banokuqhubeka benazo iimpawu kangangeenyanga okanye iminyaka emva kokuba besuleleke yi-COVID-19.

Ungawuchonga njani umonakalo wemiphunga we-COVID-19?

Ugqirha uza kukhangela umonakalo emiphungeni esebenzisa iimvavanyo zomfanekiso (umz., i-X-ray, i-CT scan) okanye i-bronchoscopy (ityhubhu encinci enekhamera efakwe emiphungeni ukuze ijonge ngaphakathi). Baza kusebenzisa nezinye iimvavanyo ukufumanisa usulelo, olufana ne-pneumonia.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?

Oogqirha banokwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu ukujonga imeko yemiphunga kunye nokufumanisa usulelo:

• I-swab yempumlo: Isampuli ithathwa ngaphakathi kwempumlo okanye emqaleni wakho kusetyenziswa i-cotton swab ukuvavanya i-COVID-19 kunye nezinye iintsholongwane.
• I-pulse oximetry: Isixhobo esincinci esibekwe emnweni wakho silinganisa ubungakanani beoksijini egazini lakho. Oku kunokukunika umbono wokuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani.
• Imifanekiso: I -X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan yenziwa ukuze kuthathwe imifanekiso yemiphunga ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho monakalo na.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lunceda ekujongeni usulelo kwaye lujonge nempilo yakho ngokubanzi.
• Uvavanyo lwesikhohlela: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yencindi ephumayo xa ukhohlela kwaye ujonge ukuba ayinaso na isifo.
• Inkcubeko yolwelo lwePleural: Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha usebenzisa inaliti encinci ukuthabatha inani elincinci lolwelo olujikeleze imiphunga yakho ukujonga ukuba alusuleleki na.
• Uvavanyo lwegesi yegazi lemithambo: Olu vavanyo luvumela oogqirha ukuba babone ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani.
• I-Bronchoscopy: I-bronchoscope ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga imiphunga kunye nokuthatha iisampuli zezicubu okanye ulwelo ukuze zithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuze zivavanywe.

Inyangwa njani i-COVID-19 umonakalo wemiphunga?

Akukho nto ingako onokuyenza ukulungisa imiphunga yakho ngokupheleleyo emva kokuba yonakele. Kodwa, oogqirha banokukunceda ufumane ioksijini oyifunayo. Ukuba une-pneumonia okanye i-ARDS evela kwi-COVID-19, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olu nyango lulandelayo:

• Ioksijini eyongezelelweyo:Imiphunga yakho iyasebenza, kodwa ukuba awufumani ioksijini eyaneleyo, uza kunikwa ioksijini eyongezelelweyo ngetyhubhu efakwe empumlweni yakho okanye imaski ebekwe ebusweni bakho.
• Ulwelo olufakwa emthanjeni (ii-IV fluids): Ulwelo olongezelelweyo lunikwa nge-IV ukuze umzimba ungaphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Umoya womoya osetyenziswa ngoomatshini: Ukuba awukwazi ukuphefumla wedwa, uza kuqhagamshelwa kwi-ventilator.
• Ukuziphakamisa: Ukuze imiphunga yakho isebenze kakuhle, ujikwa esiswini sakho iiyure ezimbalwa ngosuku.
• I-Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): Ukuba amalungu akho angasebenzi kakuhle, ungaqhagamshelwa kumatshini osindisa ubomi owenza umsebenzi wentliziyo nemiphunga yakho.
• Ukukhupha ulwelo: Ukuze kuncitshiswe ulwelo emiphungeni yakho, ugqirha angasebenzisa i-catheter okanye utyando ukususa ulwelo.

Oogqirha banokunika amayeza afana nala ukunceda ukulwa nosulelo:

• Amayeza okulwa nentsholongwane: Amayeza anjengeRemdesivir okanye iPaxlovid™ anokunceda ukulwa nosulelo lwe-COVID-19.
• Ii-Corticosteroids: Oogqirha banokusebenzisa ii-steroids okanye amanye amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala ukunciphisa ukudumba.
• Ii-antibodies ze-Monoclonal: Unyango lwee-antibody ze-Monoclonal, ezifana ne -tocilizumab, lunokunciphisa okanye luthintele ukudumba.
• Iiantibiotics: Ukuba unentsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane ukongeza kwi-COVID-19, ugqirha wakho unokukunika ii-antibiotics.

Ukufakelwa imiphunga akuqhelekanga ukwenziwa kubantu abonzakele kakhulu emiphungeni ixesha elide ngenxa ye-COVID-19. Kwakhona, ukuba amanxeba emiphungeni (i-pulmonary fibrosis) aqhubeka nokuba mandundu, kukho amayeza anokunciphisa isantya sayo.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndinomonakalo wemiphunga kwi-COVID-19?

Ukuba unesifo se-pneumonia okanye i-ARDS ngenxa ye-COVID-19, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ukuze oogqirha bakuncede uphefumle ude umzimba wakho uphile kwintsholongwane.

Ukuvaleka kwemiphunga kunokuhlala ixesha elide okanye kube yinto engapheliyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuvaleka okubangelwa lusulelo kunokuqhubeka nokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, nokuba ezinye iimpawu zakho ziphelile.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ukuba ufunyenwe une-COVID-19, buza ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza malunga nokusela amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane. Asebenza kakuhle xa ethathwa kwiintsuku ezintlanu zokuqala emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile.

Ukuba usenokuphelelwa ngumphefumlo, ukudinwa, okanye ezinye iimpawu, thetha nogqirha wakho. I-COVID ende inokukunceda uzive ungcono.Kukwakho neekliniki.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba une-COVID-19 kwaye unale mpawu ziqatha, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngoko nangoko, okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-1990 (okanye inombolo yakho kaxakeka yasekuhlaleni):

• Ukuphefumla nzima okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukudideka.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhlala uphaphile.
• Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu, imilebe, okanye iinzipho.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Kunganceda ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba kukho naluphi na unyango olufumanekayo kum?
• Ngaba oku kungaphilisa ngokwako?
• Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ngaba umonakalo wemiphunga kwi-COVID-19 ungathintelwa?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela umonakalo emiphungeni kukuphepha ukufumana usulelo. Ungenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-COVID-19 enzima:

• Gonyelwa: Ukugonyelwa i-COVID-19 kunye nezinye izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokugula okanye ukugula kakhulu.
• Ukuyeka ukutshaya nokuphepha ukutshaya umsi osetyenziswa ngabanye abantu: Ukutshaya konakalisa imiphunga yakho, nto leyo ethetha ukuba unamathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo olunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezifana ne-pneumonia.
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi phambi kokutya, ukuphatha ukutya, nasemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Ukuba isepha ayifumaneki, sebenzisa isicoci sezandla esisekelwe kutywala.
• Kuphephe ukusondelana nabanye abantu nokwabelana ngezinto .
• Lawula naziphi na ezinye iimeko zempilo onazo, kuba zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho we-COVID-19 enzima.

Ukuba uyagula, ukuthatha amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane kwiintsuku ezintlanu zokuqala emva kweempawu kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuba isifo singabi mandundu.

Khumbula, ukudumba yindlela amajoni akho omzimba ayisebenzisayo ukukhusela wena. Kodwa ukuba kuphuma esandleni, kunokubangela umonakalo, njengomonakalo wemiphunga obangelwe yi-COVID-19. Akukho mntu unokutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ngubani oza kugula kakhulu kwaye ngubani oza kuba nemiphumo yexesha elide.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

I-COVID-19 ayilomdlalo, zihlobo zam. Ingayichaphazela imiphunga yethu ngeendlela ezingalindelekanga. Ngoko ke, hlala ukhuselekile kangangoko unako. Gonyelwa, landela izikhokelo zempilo. Ukuba uneempawu, ungazityesheli. Funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko. Ingakumbi ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla okanye iintlungu esifubeni, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.

Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nomonakalo wemiphunga we-COVID-19, thetha nogqirha. Banokukuchazela indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho kunye nokunyanga iimpawu zakho. Masihlale sisempilweni sonke!

I- COVID-19, Umonakalo wemiphunga, Uxinzelelo lokuphefumla, I-Pneumonia, I-ARDS, I-COVID ende, Unyango lwe-COVID