Ingaba iinkolelo zakho ezingagungqiyo ziyinyani? Masithethe ngeDelusional Disorder!

Ngaba wakha wavakalelwa kukuba ezinye izinto ocinga ukuba azinangqiqo kwabanye, kodwa kufuneka zibe yinyani kuwe? Mhlawumbi uvakalelwa kukuba umntu othile ukuhlukumeza ngasese, okanye umntu odumileyo uthandana nawe ngasese? Ukuba ezi zizinto ezingeyonyani ngokwenene, kodwa unokholo oluqinileyo nolungagungqiyo kuzo, kunokuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele le meko sithetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yiDelusional Disorder.

Yintoni iDelusional Disorder?

Ngamafutshane, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo luhlobo lwesifo sengqondo. Oogqirha bakubiza ngokuba yi-"Psychotic Disorder." Uphawu oluphambili lwale nto kukubakho kwenkolelo enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezisekelwe kwinkolelo yobuxoki (delusions). Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni "delusion". Ukukhohlisa yinkolelo yobuxoki exhomekeke kwinkolelo yobuxoki engenakutshintshwa nangayiphi na indlela. Le nkolelo ayiyonyani. Kwaye, ayinxulumananga nenkcubeko yomntu okanye indawo akhulele kuyo. Phantse wonke umntu uyazi ukuba le nkolelo ayiyonyani. Kodwa, kumntu onale ngcamango, yinyaniso yodwa. Abantu abaneengxaki zengqondo badla ngokufumana uhlobo "lweempazamo ezingezizo ezingaqhelekanga." Oko kukuthi, izinto ezibonakala ziyinyani, kodwa zingenjalo, okanye zigqithiswe kakhulu. Umzekelo, izinto ezifana nokuba umntu ukulandele, ukukukhohlisa, okanye umntu ukukuthanda ekude. Ezi zizinto ezingenzeki ngokwenene, okanye izinto ezingezizo ezinkulu njengoko ucinga. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba "ziimpazamo ezingezizo ezingaqhelekanga" kwaye zahlukile "kwiimpazamo ezingaqhelekanga." "Iimpazamo ezingaqhelekanga" zizinto ezingenakwenzeka ngokupheleleyo kwinyani yethu. Umzekelo, ukukholelwa ukuba umntu othile ube isitho somzimba wakho, kodwa akukho bungqina bokuba kwenziwe utyando kuso. Rhoqo, abantu abanengxaki yokucinga, ngaphandle kweenkolelo zabo zobuxoki, baphila kakuhle nabanye abantu kwaye baphila ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Abaziphathi ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Olu lolunye lweempawu ezibahlula kwabanye abantu "abaneengxaki zengqondo." Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, banokuxakeka kakhulu zezi ngcamango kangangokuba ubomi babo bunokuba yingxubakaxaka.

Ziziphi iintlobo zesifo sengqondo esingaqhelekanga?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-delusional disorder. Zahlulwe ngokwesihloko esiphambili se-delusional ezinaso. Masibone ukuba zithini:

• Uhlobo lwe-Erotomanic: Kolu hlobo, umntu ukholelwa ukuba omnye umntu, odla ngokuba ngumntu obalulekileyo okanye odumileyo, uyabathanda.Khawucinge nje, ucinga ukuba umdlali weqonga okanye umculi odumileyo kwilizwe lethu uyakuthanda ngasese, akuthumelele iileta, aze akunike imiyalezo eyimfihlo. Kodwa eneneni, oko akwenzeki. Ngamanye amaxesha, aba bantu banokude balingeke ukuba baqhagamshelane naloo mntu udumileyo baze bamlandele.

• Uhlobo olukhulu: Aba bantu bazigqala njengabaphezulu. Bakholelwa ekubeni banamandla angaqhelekanga, ulwazi, nezakhono, ukuba babaluleke kakhulu, ukuba bafumene into enkulu, kwaye ngabo abo

• Uhlobo lomona: Kolu hlobo, umntu ukholelwa kakhulu ukuba iqabane lakhe alithembekanga okanye linezinye izinto, ngaphandle kobungqina obucacileyo. Basoloko bekrokrela kwaye bekhangela loo nto. Le yinto eviwa ngamanye amaxesha kuluntu lwethu.

• Uhlobo lokutshutshisa: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Aba bantu bakholelwa ukuba umntu okanye into ethile iyabahlukumeza, iyabakhathaza, iyabalandela, okanye izama ukubenzakalisa (okanye umntu osondeleyo kubo). Umzekelo, banokukholelwa, ngaphandle kobungqina, ukuba "abantu bosapho ababe ukutya kwam bayandihlekisa, bazama ukutyhefa ukutya kwam, okanye bayandihlola." Aba bantu banokufaka izikhalazo zomthetho rhoqo.

• Uhlobo lweSomatic: Aba bantu bakholelwa ukuba banengxaki ethile yomzimba okanye ukugula. Umzekelo, bakholelwa ukuba bane-parasite emzimbeni wabo, ukuba banevumba elibi emzimbeni, okanye ukuba banesifo esibi, nangona bengenaso ngokwenene.

• Uhlobo oluxutyiweyo: Kule nto, umntu omnye unokuba neentlobo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zingasentla zokuxutywa.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-delusional disorder kunye ne-schizophrenia?

Usenokuba ukhe weva ngesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-schizophrenia. Sikwasisifo esibonisa "iimpawu zengqondo" okanye iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kwi-schizophrenia, iimpawu ezinje ngezi zinokubonakala:

• Intetho okanye ukuziphatha okubhidekileyo.
• Iimpawu ezingalunganga (umz., ukuncipha kwembonakalo yobuso, ukuphelelwa ngumdla kuyo nayiphi na into).

I-Delusional Disorder yahlukile kwi-schizophrenia ngezi ndlela zilandelayo: Kwi-delusional disorder , azikho ezinye iimpawu eziphambili zengqondo ngaphandle kwe-delusional disorder. Kwakhona, xa kuthelekiswa ne-schizophrenia, i-delusional disorder ayifumaneki kakhulu. Kwakhona, impembelelo kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ayibi nkulu njengakwi-schizophrenia.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana le meko?

Ingxaki yokungazithembi ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abakwiminyaka ephakathi ukuya kubantu abadala.Oku kudla ngokuqala malunga neminyaka engama-40 ubudala.

• Iintlobo zabantu abatshutshisayo nabanomona zixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda.
• Uhlobo lwe -erotomanic luxhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabasetyhini.

Kwakhona, abantu ababodwa ekuhlaleni nabangenabani banamathuba amaninzi okufumana le meko. Umzekelo:

• Abantu abafudukele kwamanye amazwe baze bashiywe bodwa ngenxa yeengxaki zolwimi.
• Abo bangevayo.
• Abantu abangaboni kakuhle .
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.

I-Delusional Disorder ayiqhelekanga, ichaphazela malunga ne-0.05% ukuya kwi-0.1% yabantu abadala.

Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo sengqondo esingaqondakaliyo?

Eyona nto iphambili koku kukwenzeka kwezinto eziphosakeleyo, esele sizixubushile. Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwento ephosakeleyo. Enye into ekhethekileyo yale meko kukuba umntu akaqondi ukuba into ephosakeleyo ayilunganga kwaye yingxaki (ukungaziqondi). Nokuba abanye bayamxelela, abanakwamkela ukuba iinkolelo zakhe azinangqiqo kwaye azilunganga. Ingakumbi ukuba umntu uneengcinga ezicaphukisayo, ezinomona, okanye ezibonisa inkanuko, unokubonisa umsindo nokuziphatha okunobundlobongela . Kwakhona, ezi ngcinga zinokubangela ukuba ahlangabezane neemeko ezifana nokuxhalaba kunye/okanye ukudakumba .

Iimpawu zokuqala

Ngamanye amaxesha, ngaphambi kokuba imeko ibe mandundu, unokubona iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukuziva ngathi abanye bayakusebenzisa.
• Ndisoloko ndicinga ngokuthembeka kwabahlobo.
• Ukubona isoyikiso okanye isenzo esingalunganga, nokuba sivela kwincoko okanye kwisiganeko esiqhelekileyo.
• Hlala ubambe ingqumbo entliziyweni yakho.
• Ukusabela ngokukhawuleza nakwinto encinci, ukulungiselela ukulwa.

Zithini izizathu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo?

Njengezinye izifo zengqondo, abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, bajonga izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela oku:

• Izinto ezibangela ufuzo : Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho unesifo sokungaziqondi kakuhle okanye isifo sengqondo esibangela ukugula kwengqondo (schizophrenia) , kukho ithuba lokuba namanye amalungu alo sapho nawo aza kuba nale meko. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho impembelelo yofuzo. Kukholelwa ukuba abantwana banokuzuza ilifa lokufumana esi sifo kubazali.

• Izinto zebhayoloji: Abaphandi bajonga ukuba utshintsho olukwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho bethu lunokuba nendima na. Ezinye zezinto zobuchophoUkungalingani kwiikhemikhali , ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters , kufunyenwe ukuba yimbangela yeempawu ezingaqondakaliyo.

• Izinto ezibangela imeko-bume kunye nengqondo: Kukho ubungqina bokuba uxinzelelo olunzima lunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye neziyobisi nako kunokubangela oku. Izinto ezinje ngokuziva ukhululekile, iindlela zokuzikhusela, ukuzehlukanisa nabantu, umona , ukungathembani, ukurhanelwa, kunye nokuzihlonipha okuphantsi nazo zinokubangela oku. Ungaya kufumana isizathu seemvakalelo ezinjalo kwaye wenze ukukhohlisa njengesisombululo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto? (Ixilongo lichazwa njani isifo esingaqondakaliyo?)

Oogqirha, ingakumbi oogqirha bengqondo, baxilonga umntu onesifo sokungaqondi xa enesinye okanye ngaphezulu sokungaqondi kangangenyanga okanye ngaphezulu kwaye asinakuchazwa yenye imeko yezonyango. Kananjalo abanakuba neempawu eziqhelekileyo kwezinye izifo zengqondo, ezifana ne-schizophrenia. Ukuba umntu uneempawu zokungaqondi, ugqirha uya kuqala enze imbali epheleleyo yezonyango kunye novavanyo lomzimba. Nangona kungekho vavanyo luthile lwelabhoratri lokuchonga isifo sokungaqondi, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo (ezifana novavanyo lwemifanekiso, uvavanyo lomchamo, kunye novavanyo lwegazi) ukujonga ezinye iimeko zonyango, amayeza, okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezinokubangela iimpawu. Ukuba unobangela womzimba awufumaneki, kwenziwa utyelelo kwingcali yengqondo okanye kwingcali yengqondo. Basebenzisa iindlela zodliwanondlebe ezikhethekileyo kunye novavanyo ukuze bafumanise ukuba umntu "unesifo sengqondo." Babuza imibuzo malunga nokungaqondi kwaye benze uvavanyo lwempilo yengqondo. Ngamanye amaxesha bacela amalungu osapho kunye nabahlobo ukuba bafumane okungakumbi malunga nokungaqondi kunye nokuba iimpawu ziqale nini. Ngenxa yokuba ukungaqondi kunokubangelwa zezinye izifo zengqondo, oogqirha bengqondo balumkile kakhulu ukuba bakhuphe ezinye iimpawu. Isifo sokungaqondi sinokubhidaniswa nezi meko zilandelayo:

• Isifo sokungakhathali (OCD)
• I-Schizophrenia
• Ingxaki enkulu ye-neurocognitive
• Ukuxhuzula
• Iingxaki zobuntu, ingakumbi ukuphazamiseka kobuntu obungenamda kunye nengxaki yobuntu obuneparanoid.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo?

Unyango lwengqondo (unyango lokuthetha) kunye namayeza zezona ndlela ziphambili zonyango lwengxaki yokungaqondi. Nangona kunjalo, amayeza odwa awanelanga ukunyanga le meko. Rhoqo, abantu abanengxaki yokungaqondi abafuni unyango ngokwabo kuba abaqondi ukuba ukungaziqondi kwabo akulunganga okanye yingxaki. Basenokufuna uncedo kwezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo, ezinje ngokudakumba okanye ukuxhalaba. Abantu abaneempawu eziqatha kunye nabo basengozini yokuzilimaza okanye yokuzilimaza abanye banokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele de imeko yabo izinze.

Unyango lwengqondo

I-Psychotherapy ligama eliqhelekileyo elithetha iintlobo ngeentlobo zonyango olunceda abantu ukuba babone kwaye batshintshe iimvakalelo zabo ezibangela uxinzelelo, iingcinga, kunye nokuziphatha. Ngokusebenza nogqirha wengqondo okanye ingcali yezengqondo, isigulana kunye nosapho lwabo bafumana inkxaso, imfundo, kunye nesikhokelo. Ngonyango, abantu abanengxaki yokukhohlisa banokulawula iimpawu zabo, baqaphele iimpawu zokuqala zokubuyela umva, kwaye benze izicwangciso zokuphepha ukubuyela umva. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwengqondo:

• I-psychotherapy yomntu ngamnye: Oku kunceda umntu ukuba abone aze alungise iingcinga zakhe ezingalunganga nezigqwethekileyo ezingaphantsi kwengqondo.
• Unyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT): Le yindlela yonyango ejolise kuyo necwangcisiweyo. Ingcali yezonyango inceda umntu ukuba ajonge nzulu iingcinga neemvakalelo zakhe. Ingamnceda aqonde indlela iingcinga zakhe ezichaphazela ngayo izenzo zakhe. Nge-CBT, banokutshintsha iingcinga nezenzo ezingalunganga kwaye baphuhlise iindlela zokucinga ezisempilweni kunye nemikhwa.
• Unyango olugxile kusapho: Olu nyango lunceda abantu abanengxaki yokuphambuka kwengqondo kunye neentsapho zabo. Olu nyango luquka imfundo malunga nengxaki yokuphambuka kwengqondo, ukuphucula izakhono zonxibelelwano, kunye noqeqesho kwizakhono zokusombulula iingxaki.

Amayeza

Iintlobo eziphambili zamayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo yi- "Antipsychotics" (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-"neuroleptics"). Ezi ntlobo zamayeza ziquka:

• Ii-antipsychotics zesizukulwana sokuqala ("eziqhelekileyo"): La mayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga izifo zengqondo ukususela phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1950. Asebenza ngokuthintela i-dopamine engqondweni.Ithintela ii-receptors ze-neurotransmitter dopamine. Kukholelwa ukuba i-dopamine ibandakanyeka ekubangeleni ukuxutywa.

• Ii-antipsychotics zesizukulwana sesibini ("ezingaqhelekanga"): Ezi ntlobo zintsha ze-antipsychotics zikwasebenza kakuhle ekunyangeni iimpawu zesifo sokungaqondi. Zithintela ii-receptors ze-neurotransmitters i-dopamine kunye ne -serotonin engqondweni. La mayeza ngokubanzi aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kuneze-medication zesizukulwana sokuqala.

Amanye amayeza anikwa ngoogqirha ukunyanga isifo sengqondo esingaqhelekanga yi -anxiolytics (amayeza anciphisa ixhala) kunye ne -antidepressants (amayeza anyanga ukudakumba). I-Anxiolytics iluncedo ukuba umntu unengxaki yokuxhalaba kakhulu kunye/okanye yokulala. I-Antidepressants inokunyanga ukudakumba okuhlala kwenzeka kubantu abanesifo sengqondo esingaqhelekanga.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva kwale meko? (Ingqikelelo)

Isiqinisekiso somntu onesifo sokungaqondi kakuhle sixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Uhlobo lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
• Ubunzima bokuncitshiswa.
• Umgangatho wobomi bomntu, oko kukuthi, ukukwazi kwakhe ukufumana uncedo kunye nokuzimisela kwakhe ukuthobela unyango.

Isifo Sokungazithembi (Delusional Disorder) asidli ngokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimisebenzi yomntu yemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima bokungazithembi bunokunyuka kancinci kancinci. Abantu abaninzi banokuqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo, lo gama nje imisebenzi enxulumene nokungazithembi kwabo ingahambelani nomsebenzi. Ukuba usebenza ngokwesicwangciso sonyango, uqikelelo lwesifo lunokuba luhle.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, malunga nama-50% abantu bayaphila ngokupheleleyo. Ngaphezulu kwama-20% baxela ukwehla kweempawu, kwaye ngaphantsi kwama-20% baxela utshintsho oluncinci okanye akukho kwatshintsho kwiimpawu.

Kodwa, okubuhlungu kukuba, abantu abaninzi abanale meko abafuni ncedo. Kunzima nakubantu abanesifo sengqondo ukuvuma ukuba abaphilanga kakuhle. Basenokungafuni unyango ngenxa yeentloni okanye uloyiko. Ngaphandle konyango, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokuba yimeko yobomi bonke.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ukuba azinyangwa?

Ukuba ingxaki yokuphambuka ayinyangwa, oku kulandelayo kunokwenzeka:

• Uxinzelelo: Ludla ngokubangelwa ziingxaki ezibangelwa kukuxubana.
• Ukubekwa wedwa koluntu.
• Imiba yezomthetho: Umzekelo, umntu obandakanyekayo ekuphambukeni angabanjwa ngokulandela okanye ukuhlukumeza.
• Ukuzilimaza okanye ukwenzakalisa abanye.Oku kuqheleke kakhulu kwiintlobo zoMona kunye nezoMtshutshisi.

Ngaba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokuthintelwa?

Akukho ndlela eyaziwayo yokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kodwa ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kobomi bomntu, usapho kunye nobuhlobo.

Unokunceda njani umntu onengxaki yokucinga?

Ukuba umntu omaziyo unesifo sengqondo esingaqondakaliyo, ungamxhasa kwaye umkhuthaze ukuba afune uncedo kunye nonyango. Abantu abanesifo sengqondo esingaqondakaliyo banokuziva bexinezelekile kwaye benophawu xa besoloko begxekwa ngabanye. Ke ngoko, endaweni yokuthetha kakubi, ukuthetha ngendlela eyakhayo neqondayo kunokuba luncedo kwaye kuphumelele ngakumbi. Abahlobo kunye nosapho lwabantu abanesifo sengqondo esingaqondakaliyo banokuziva bexinezelekile, bedakumbile, belusizi, kwaye bebodwa. Kubalulekile ukukhathalela impilo yakho yengqondo kwaye ufune uncedo ukuba unale mpawu.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

I-Delusional Disorder, esithethe ngayo namhlanje, yimeko yempilo yengqondo apho uhlakulela iinkolelo eziqinileyo nezingapheliyo ngezinto ezingeyonyani. Oku akulula nakubani na, kodwa into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde kukuba kukho unyango lwayo .

• Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unale mpawu, musa ukuba neentloni okanye ukoyika, funa ingcebiso kagqirha.
• Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo kunokuphucula iinkalo ezininzi zobomi.
• Inkxaso nokuqonda kosapho nabahlobo kubaluleke kakhulu ngeli xesha linje.

Njengakwesiphi na isifo sengqondo, ukufuna uncedo ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela iimpawu kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka ebomini bakho. Iingcali zengqondo zinokubonelela ngezicwangciso zonyango ukukunceda ulawule iingcinga zakho kunye nokuziphatha kwakho. Awuwedwa, lukho uncedo. Ingxaki Yokungazithembi, Isifo Sengqondo, Iinkolelo, Impilo Yengqondo, Unyango, Iimpawu, I-Schizophrenia