Khawuthelekelele ngequbuliso unamaqhuma abomvu emzimbeni wakho aqala ukurhawuzelela, okanye ukuthimla kunye nempumlo egobhozayo... Xa kufika i-allergy efana nale engqondweni, uninzi lwethu lucinga ngepilisi ye-antihistamine , akunjalo? Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba la ma-antihistamine awafani, aza kwizizukulwana ezibini, kwaye izenzo zawo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zahlukile? Namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula.
Kutheni sifuna ii-antihistamines?
Ngamafutshane, xa into esingayithandiyo, oko kukuthi, i-allergen, ingena emzimbeni wethu, ezinye iiseli kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba zikhupha ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-'histamine.' Oku kufana nesandi sokulumkisa esivakalayo xa utshaba lusondela kwilizwe.
Le histamine ibangela iingxaki ezininzi esizifumanayo xa sinengxaki yokunganyamezelani komzimba.
- Ukurhawuzelela kunye namaqhuqhuva
- Impumlo egobhozayo kunye nokuxinana kwempumlo
- Amehlo arhawuzelelayo nabomvu
- Ukuthimla okuqhubekayo
- Ngamanye amaxesha isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
Ngoko ke, udidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba zii-antihistamines lusebenza ngokuthintela ukusebenza kwaloo khemikhali ibizwa ngokuba yi-histamine. Oko kufana 'nokuthulisa' i-siren. Oku kulawula iimpawu ze-allergies.
Ii-antihistamines zesizukulwana esidala nesesitsha
Ii-antihistamines zinokwahlulwa zibe zizizukulwana ezibini eziphambili: isizukulwana sokuqala nesizukulwana sesibini. Makhe sijonge umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi zimbini.
| Uphawu | Isizukulwana sokuqala (iintlobo ezindala) | Isizukulwana sesibini (iintlobo ezintsha) |
|---|---|---|
| Ukozela | Ukugqithisa kakhulu. Kubangela isiyezi kunye nokozela. | Ukuthomalalisa kancinci kakhulu okanye akukho kwaphela (Akukho kuthomalalisa). |
| Impembelelo engqondweni | Inqumla lula umqobo wegazi-ubuchopho ize ingene engqondweni. | Ayikwazi ukunqumla umqobo wegazi-ubuchopho. |
| Ixesha lokusebenza | Ihlala ixesha elifutshane, malunga neeyure ezi-4-6. Kuya kufuneka uyithathe izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini. | Ihlala malunga neeyure ezingama-24. Kwanele ukuyithatha kanye ngemini. |
| Imiphumela | Umlomo owomileyo, amehlo omileyo, ukubona okufipheleyo, ukuqhina kwesisu, kunye nobunzima bokuchama zizinto eziqhelekileyo. | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zimbalwa kakhulu. |
Ii-Antihistamines zesizukulwana sokuqala
Olu lolona hlobo lokuqala lwe-antihistamines oluveziweyo, oludala esilwaziyo sonke. I -Chlorpheniramine edumileyo kakhulu kwilizwe lethu, oko kukuthi, iyeza olaziyo njenge-'Piriton', lilelali qela.
La mayeza ahamba ngegazi aze angene lula engqondweni. Yiyo loo nto ekwenza uzive ulele kakhulu kwaye unesiyezi xa uwasebenzisa. Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha banokusebenzisa olu buthongo ukukunika la mayeza kwiimeko ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa okukugcina uphaphile ebusuku.
Kubalulekile: Musa ukuqhuba imoto, ukusebenza kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini ngelixa usebenzisa olu hlobo lwamayeza.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphambili:
- Ukozela kakhulu kunye nokucotha
- Umlomo owomileyo, impumlo, nomqala
- Umbono ofipheleyo
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Ukuqhinwa
- Ubunzima bokuchama
Ii-Antihistamines zesizukulwana sesibini
Ezi zii-antihistamines ezintsha neziphucukileyo ezaqaliswa emva kweminyaka yoo-1980. Zenzelwe ukuba zithomalalise kancinci okanye zingathomalalisi, oko kuthetha ukuba azibangeli ukozela.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ungazithatha ezi nangaliphi na ixesha losuku uze uqhubeke nomsebenzi wakho. Kananjalo azinazo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi. Kulula kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa kuba kufuneka zithathwe kube kanye ngemini.
Imizekelo esetyenziswa rhoqo:
- I-Cetirizine
- I-Loratadine
- I-Fexofenadine
- I-Desloratadine
Nangona ezi zineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kakhulu kunezesizukulwana sokuqala, abanye abantu banokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu.
Ngoko ke ndifanele ndikhethe luphi uhlobo?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Impendulo kukuba, akufanele uzenzele isigqibo ngokwakho sokuba yeyiphi i-antihistamine efanelekileyo kuwe. Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ucele ingcebiso kugqirha wakho wosapho (GP) okanye kwingcali.
Isizathu kukuba amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe amiselwa ngokujonga izinto ezininzi, ezifana neempawu zakho, ubudala bakho, amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iimeko zempilo onokuba nazo (umz., i-asthma, i-glaucoma, isifo sentliziyo).
| Abantu ekufuneka balumke ngakumbi ngee-antihistamines zesizukulwana sokuqala (ezisongeleyo) | |
|---|---|
| Abantu abane-glaucoma | Amadoda anobunzima bokuchama ngenxa yokwanda kweprostate |
| Abantu abane-asthma okanye ezinye izifo zemiphunga | Abantu abanesifo sentliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu |
| Abantu abanesifo se-thyroid | Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana abancinci (ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha) |
Cinga nangokhuseleko.
- Musa ukuthatha iintlobo ezimbini zee-antihistamines kunye ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uncancisa, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise naluphi na unyango.
- Funda ilebhile yeyeza olisebenzisayo ngononophelo kwaye uthathe kuphela idosi emiselweyo.
- Musa ukugcina iipilisi kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Ukufuma nobushushu apho kunokubangela ukuba iyeza lingasebenzi kakuhle. Gcina kwindawo epholileyo, neyomileyo, kude nabantwana .
- Ukuba umntu uthatha i-overdose ngengozi, mse kwangoko kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Ukuba kuyimfunekoFumana ingcebiso ngefowuni kwiZiko loLwazi lweTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo.
Ii-antihistamines ziluncedo kakhulu kwiingxaki zokunganyamezelani komzimba, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-antihistamines zisebenza ngokuthintela ukusebenza kwe-histamine, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ze-allergy.
- Iintlobo zesizukulwana sokuqala (ezindala) zibangela ukozela okukhulu, ngelixa iintlobo zesizukulwana sesibini (ezintsha) zibangela ukozela okuncinci kakhulu.
- Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ukuze ubone ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-antihistamine olulungele wena.
- Ukuba unezinye izifo (ezifana ne-glaucoma, isifo sentliziyo, i-asthma) okanye usebenzisa amanye amayeza, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho.
- Ungaze uqhube okanye wenze nantoni na efuna ingqalelo xa uthatha i-antihistamine ebangela ukozela.
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