Ngaba unemibuzo malunga novavanyo lwegazi lwe-ENA Panel (Extractable Nuclear Antigen Panel)? Masithethe ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha weva ukuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, amajoni afanele ukusikhusela kwizifo, enza impazamo aze aqale ukuhlasela amalungu ethu asempilweni? Yile nto siyibiza ngokuba zizifo zokuzikhusela komzimba . Kwiimeko ezinjalo, uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-ENA panel lunokukunceda ufumane ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki kwaye kutheni oku kusenzeka. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe nge- ENA Panel , emele i- Extractable Nuclear Antigen Panel , ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda, kulungile?

Yintoni kanye kanye uvavanyo lwe-ENA?

Ngamafutshane, iphaneli ye-ENA luvavanyo lwegazi. Ijonga ukuba inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba izama ukuhlasela amalungu aphilileyo omzimba wethu. Ngoku masichaze oku ngakumbi. Inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ifana nomkhosi okhusela ilizwe. Kulo mkhosi, kukho amajoni akhethekileyo, esiwabiza ngokuba zii-antibodies . Umsebenzi wala ma-antibodies kukubona nokulwa neentsholongwane , ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ezingena emzimbeni. Utshaba ngalunye lunophawu olukhethekileyo emzimbeni walo olunokulibona, esilibiza ngokuba yi-antigen kunyango. Ngoko ii-antibodies ziyalibona eli antigen kwaye zihlasele utshaba. Yinkqubo ekrelekrele kakhulu, akunjalo? Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha le nkqubo ekrelekrele yenza impazamo encinci. Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kwiimeko ezibizwa ngokuba zizifo zokuzikhusela komzimba . Okwenzekayo ke kukuba ii-antibodies zethu ziqala ukwakheka ngokuchasene neziqwenga ezithile zeproteni (ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antigens zenyukliya ezinokutsalwa , oko kuthetha "ii-antigens ezinokwahlulwa kwi-nucleus") ezifumaneka kwi-nucleus (embindini weseli) yeeseli eziphilileyo emzimbeni wethu. Kufana nomkhosi wethu ohlasela abemi bethu abasempilweni. Ngeli xesha, uvavanyo lwe-ENA lunceda ekufumaneni ukuba zeziphi ii-antigens zethu ezi zi-antibodies ezihlaselayo. Oku kunokunceda oogqirha baqikelele ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba onaso okanye baqinisekise ukuba awunaso eso sifo.

Ndifanele ndilwenze nini uvavanyo lwe-ENA?

Akuyena wonke umntu oya kufuneka enze olu vavanyo lwe-ENA. Kukho iimeko ezahlukeneyo apho ugqirha angayalela olu vavanyo:

• Ukuba uneempawu zesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba (umz., iintlungu zamalungu , ukudinwa kakhulu, iingxaki zolusu) kwaye ukhe wavavanywa i - Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) , uvavanyo lwe-ANA luvavanyo lwezifo zokuzikhusela komzimba .Uvavanyo olusisiseko lokuchonga. Ukuba lubonakala lulungile, uvavanyo lwe-ENA luya kunceda ekuphandeni ngakumbi ukuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye sele ufunyenwe une -lupus . Ngeli xesha, ii-antibodies zakho zinokunqumla i-placenta ziye kumntwana wakho kwaye zibangele imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-neonatal lupus . Oku kunokubangela iingxaki kumntwana, ezifana nokuvaleka kwentliziyo , ngoko ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo lwe-ENA ukuze kujongwe oku.

Zeziphi izifo ezizanywa kukufunyanwa luvavanyo lwe-ENA?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-antibodies ezijongwa luvavanyo lwe-ENA. Ezi antibodies zinxulunyaniswa ngokukodwa nesifo ngasinye se-autoimmune. Ezona zifo zixhaphakileyo ezijongwa lolu vavanyo zezi:

• I-Lupus (i-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus /SLE)
• Isifo sikaSjögren
• Isifo seMixed Connective Tissue (MCTD)
• I-Scleroderma/i-systemic sclerosis
• I-Polymyositis
• I-Dermatyositis

Isifo ngasinye sibonakalisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke ugqirha uza kuthelekisa iimpawu zakho neziphumo zovavanyo lwe-ENA ukuze afikelele kwisigqibo.

Uvavanyo lwe-ENA lwenziwa njani? Lusebenza njani?

Kulula kakhulu. Ingcali yelabhoratri ithatha isampuli encinci yegazi kumthambo osesandleni sakho. Emva koko basebenzisa le sampuli yegazi ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-ENA. Kwilabhoratri, basebenzisa iimpawu ezikhethekileyo. Ezi zimpawu zinamathela kwi-antibodies abazifunayo ukuba zikhona. Emva koko ezi zimpawu " ziyakhanya" okanye zitshintshe umbala. Yileyo ndlela iingcali zekhemistri ezinokubona ngayo ukuba ezi antibodies zikhona okanye azikho. Ubuchwepheshe obuphambili, akunjalo?

Zeziphi iintlobo zee-antibodies ezijongwa luvavanyo lwe-ENA?

Ngokwesiqhelo, uvavanyo lwe-ENA lukhangela ii-antibodies eziphendula kwii -antigens ezine ukuya kwezintandathu ezifumaneka ngaphakathi kwiiseli zethu. Nganye kwezi antibodies inxulunyaniswa nezifo ezithile ze-autoimmune kunye nezinye iimeko. Umzekelo, ezinye ii-antibodies zinxulunyaniswa ne -lupus.Ezinye zichaphazela ngakumbi esi sifo, ngelixa ezinye zinxulumene kakhulu ne -Sjögren's syndrome . Yiyo loo nto olu vavanyo lubalulekile ekuxilongweni. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba zeziphi ii-antibodies oza kuzijonga ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho.

Ngaba kufuneka ndilungiselele kwangaphambili uvavanyo lwe-ENA?

Ezi zezona ndaba zimnandi! Akunyanzelekanga ukuba wenze amalungiselelo akhethekileyo ngaphambi kokuba uye kuvavanyo lwe-ENA. Ungatya usele ngokwesiqhelo kwaye usele amayeza akho. Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo ukuze uqiniseke.

Yintoni omawuyilindele xa ubhala uvavanyo lwe-ENA?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ugqirha, umongikazi, okanye ingcali yelebhu iza kusebenzisa inaliti encinci ukuthabatha igazi elincinci kumthambo osengalweni yakho. Usenokuziva iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki xa inaliti ifakwa kwaye isuswa. Oku kuya kuhlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela. Ukuba uyoyika iinaliti, kunokunceda ukujonga kude ngeli xesha. Isampuli yegazi iya kuthunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe.

Zithini iingozi zovavanyo lwe-ENA?

Iingozi zovavanyo lwe-ENA ziphantsi kakhulu , kodwa izinto ezincinci zinokwenzeka xa kutsalwa igazi.

• Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kunzima ukufumana umthambo, kusenokufuneka ubhoboze inaliti izihlandlo ezininzi. Oko kuyaphazamisa kancinci.
• Usenokuziva unesizungu okanye uphelelwe ngamandla xa kutsalwa igazi lakho.
• Kunokubakho inxeba elikhulu okanye ingqokelela yegazi phantsi kwesikhumba apho inaliti ifakwe khona (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hematoma ).
• Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kubekho usulelo kwindawo ehlatywe kuyo.
• Abanye abantu banokufumana ukopha okugqithisileyo okwethutyana emva kokuba kutsalwe igazi.

Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale, musa ukoyika, yazisa abasebenzi bezonyango kuphela.

Uzifumana njani iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-ENA? Zithetha ukuthini?

Iziphumo zovavanyo zihlala zi-negative , positive , okanye borderline (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi -equivocal) . Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lunokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwilabhoratri eyenza uvavanyo. Ke ngoko, ingxelo yakho yovavanyo kufuneka ibandakanye iziphumo zakho kunye noluhlu lwereferensi yelabhoratri.

• Iziphumo ezilungileyo zithetha ukuba i-antibody efanelekileyo ifunyenwe kwisampulu yegazi lakho.
• Isiphumo esibi sithetha ukuba bekungekho zi-antibodies ezichasene ne -antigen efanelekileyo kwisampulu yegazi lakho, okanye bekukho ezimbalwa kakhulu kuzo.

Ukuba uvavanyo lwe-ENA lubonise ukuba lukhona, ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba ndine-lupus?

Hayi, awunakutsho ukuba unesifo esithile esifana ne -lupus ngenxa nje yeziphumo zovavanyo olunye.

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Uvavanyo lwe-ENA olubonisa ukuba une-lupus akuthethi ukuba une -lupus . Umzekelo, abantu abaninzi abane -Sjögren's syndrome bavavanywa benazo ii-antibodies ezibizwa ngokuba yi -anti-SSA kunye ne-anti-SSB . Nangona kunjalo, la ma-antibodies afanayo anokuba ne-positive nakubantu abane-lupus okanye esinye isifo. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uza kuthatha iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-ENA, iimpawu zakho, kunye nezinye iziphumo zovavanyo (ezifana novavanyo lwe-ANA, i-CRP, i-ESR) kunye ukuze enze uxilongo .

Ndifanele ndiphinde ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lwakho, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho. Kwakhona, ukuba unentlungu, ukudumba, ubomvu kwindawo apho igazi litsalwa khona, okanye iimpawu zosulelo ezifana nomkhuhlane, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kovavanyo lwe-ANA novavanyo lwe-ENA?

Oku kukwayingxaki kubantu abaninzi. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini. Cinga ngovavanyo lwe-ANA njengovavanyo lokuqala noluqhelekileyo olwenziwa ngamapolisa. "Ngaba kukho into engalunganga apha, ngaba kukho ingxaki ye-autoimmune?" Ngokuqhelekileyo kuhlolwa. Oku kulinganisa ukuba zingaphi na kwaye zingaphi ii-antinuclear antibodies (ii-antibodies ezichasene ne-cell nucleus) ezikhoyo egazini lakho. Uvavanyo lwe -ENA lufana novavanyo olukhethekileyo olwenziwa emva koko. Ukuba i-ANA ine-positive, ijonga nzulu ize ibuze, "Kulungile, ukuba kukho into engalunganga, yintoni kanye kanye? Yeyiphi iproteni ethile (i-antigen) emzimbeni wethu ezi antibodies zenziwe nxamnye nayo?" Oko kukuthi, uvavanyo lwe-ENA luchaneke ngakumbi kunovavanyo lwe-ANA. Abantu abaninzi abanezifo ze-autoimmune banovavanyo lwe-ANA oluchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaphilileyo abangenazo izifo ze-autoimmune ngamanye amaxesha banokuba novavanyo lwe-ANA oluchanekileyo (uvavanyo lwe-ENA ludla ngokuba ne-negative kwii-antibodies kubantu abanjalo). Yiyo loo nto oogqirha beyalela uvavanyo lwe-ENA ukuze bafumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nesifo se-autoimmune kumntu onovavanyo lwe-ANA oluchanekileyo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Iphaneli ye-ENA (iphaneli ye-Extractable Nuclear Antigen) luvavanyo olubalulekileyo olunika ugqirha wakho ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nee-antibodies ezonakalisa iiseli zakho kwaye ezinokubangela iimpawu zakho.

Akukho vavanyo lunye olunokuchonga isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba.

Ugqirha wakho uza kuthatha iziphumo ze-ENA, iimpawu zakho, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo kunye ukuze afumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lwakho okanye indlela ezinokuthi zichaphazele ngayo izigqibo zakho zempilo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Emva koko nawe unokufumana ukuqonda okucacileyo. Uvavanyo lwe-ENA, izifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni, ii-antibodies, ii-antigens, i-lupus, uvavanyo lwegazi, uvavanyo lwe-ANA