Ngaba ungacinga ukuba wonwabe kakhulu kwaye ube lusizi kakhulu ngaxeshanye? Kwelinye icala, uziva ungenathemba, ingqondo yakho iyabaleka, kwaye amandla akho aphezulu. Kwelinye icala, uziva ukruqukile lihlabathi, uziva ungonwabanga yinto, kwaye uziva ungenathemba ngobomi. Ezi mvakalelo zimbini ziphikisanayo ziyadibana kwaye yiloo nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder . Nangona esi sisihloko sinzima kancinci, masithethe ngaso ngokulula nangendlela eqondakalayo.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezixutyiweyo zesifo se-bipolar?
Ngamafutshane, isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder sisifo apho imeko yomntu itshintsha ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwezinto ezimbini ezigqithisileyo. Esinye isifo esigqithisileyo yi -mania, ebonakaliswa lulonwabo olukhulu, uchulumanco, kunye namandla angakumbi. Esinye isifo esigqithisileyo kukudandatheka, ebonakaliswa lusizi olukhulu, usizi, kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba. Ezi meko zimbini zihlala zenzeka ngokutshintshana.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zazo zombini ezi zinto zingaqhelekanga zinokwenzeka ngaxeshanye, ngemini enye, okanye zitshintshane kangangeentsuku ezininzi. Khawuthelekelele, umntu unamandla aphezulu, ukungazinzi, nokucinga ngokukhawuleza nge-mania, kodwa kunye nosizi olukhulu, ukuphelelwa lithemba, kunye neengcinga zokuzibulala zokudakumba. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-Episode with Mixed Features . Oku kufana nokunyathela i-accelerator kunye ne-brake yemoto ngaxeshanye. Lixesha elididayo nelibangela uxinzelelo, apho ungakwazi ukugcina ingqondo yakho kwindawo enye.
Le meko iyenzeka kubani?
Phantse isiqingatha sabantu abanesifo sengqondo esibangela i-bipolar baya kuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo ngaxa lithile ebomini babo. Abantu abanesifo sengqondo esibangela i-bipolar besebancinci banamathuba amaninzi okuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo.
Kwakhona, ngamanye amaxesha, nomntu ongengomntu onesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar kodwa onesifo sokudakumba okukhulu unokufumana iimpawu ezincinci ze-mania (umzekelo, ukucaphuka, ukucinga ngokukhawuleza) kunye nokudakumba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "sisiqendu sokudakumba esineempawu ezahlukeneyo."
Kubantu abaninzi, iimpawu ze-bipolar ziqala phakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nengama-25. Akuqhelekanga ukuba umntu abe nale meko okokuqala emva kweminyaka engama-50. Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho (umama, utata, umntakwenu) unesifo se-bipolar, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana esi sifo.
Zithini iimpawu zomntu oneempawu ezahlukeneyo?
Ukuze sikuqonde kakuhle oku, masizahlule ezi mpawu zibe ziindidi ezimbini. Ezi ntlobo zimbini zeempawu zinokwenzeka kunye okanye zilandelelana ngokukhawuleza.
| Iimpawu ze-mania | Iimpawu zoxinzelelo |
|---|---|
| Uvuyo olugqithisileyo okanye ukucaphuka ngaphandle kwesizathu | Iimvakalelo zosizi olukhulu, ukungabi nathemba, kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba |
| Ukwanda kwamandla okungaqhelekanga, ukungazinzi | Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwizinto obukade uzonwabela |
| Ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kweengcinga, intetho ekhawulezayo | Ukungabi namandla, ukudinwa rhoqo |
| Ubunzima bokuhlala ugxile | Ukuba neengcinga zokuba awufanelekanga okanye ukuba ungumoni |
| Andiziva ndidiniwe nangona ndilele kancinci | Iingcinga zokuzibulala |
Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba oku kungenzeka njani, akunjalo? Khawucinge ngomntu okhala engayeki athi, "Andikaze ndizive ndonwabile kangaka ebomini bam." Okanye, basenokuvuya kakhulu, ngequbuliso baphelelwe lithemba, baze baphinde bonwabe. Ezi meko zinokuhlala iintsuku, iiveki, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwaneenyanga ukuba azinyangwa .
Zithini iingozi zezi mpawu zixutyiweyo?
Eyona ngozi inobungozi nenkulu yeempawu ezixutyiweyo kukuzibulala. Abantu abanesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder badla ngokuba namathuba aphindwe kali-10-20 okuzibulala kunabanye. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abaneempawu ezixutyiweyo basengozini enkulu kunabo banesifo sokudakumba kuphela.
Le yeyona nto iyingozi kakhulu ekufuneka siyiqonde. Xa ukuphelelwa lithemba kunye nokuziva udiniwe bubomi obuphantsi koxinzelelo zidityaniswe namandla aphezulu, ukungazinzi, kunye nokungakhathali kokuthandabuza, amathuba okuthatha inyathelo ngengcinga zokuzibulala aphezulu kakhulu.
Ngoko ke, akuyonto ilungileyo ukushiya umntu onezi mpawu eyedwa. Kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Unyango olufanelekileyo, ingakumbi ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwamayeza afana ne-'Lithium', lunokunciphisa kakhulu le ngozi.
Ukongeza, abantu abanesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder basengozini enkulu yokusebenzisa iziyobisi gwenxa , nto leyo enokwenza imeko ibe mandundu kwaye kube nzima ukuyilawula.
Iphathwa njani?
Amayeza ayimfuneko ngokuqinisekileyo ukulawula iziqendu ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, le meko inokuba nzima ukuyilawula kunesiqendu esiqhelekileyo sokudakumba okanye sokudandatheka. Amayeza aphambili asetyenziswayo zizinzisi zeemvakalelo kunye ne-antipsychotics.
Izinto Ezizinzisa Imvakalelo
La mayeza anceda ekulawuleni ezi ngxaki zengqondo aze agcine imeko izinzile.
- I-Lithium: Eli liyeza elibaluleke kakhulu elisetyenziswe ixesha elide kunyango lwe-bipolar disorder. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwalo kusenokunganeli kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Ekubeni kuthatha iiveki ezininzi ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo, kungcono ukuba lisetyenziswe njengonyango lokugcina ixesha elide. Xa uthatha i-'Lithium', kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukujonga amanqanaba amayeza akho ukuze uphephe iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
- I-Valproic acid (iDepakote): Le ikwayi-mood stabilizer. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ngamanye amaxesha isebenza ngakumbi kune-lithium ekulawuleni iimpawu ezahlukeneyo.
- Amanye amayeza: Amanye amayeza afana ne- 'Carbamazepine (Tegretol)' kunye ne-'Lamotrigine (Lamictal)' asetyenziselwa le njongo.
Ii-antipsychotics
Uninzi lwamayeza amatsha kolu didi asebenza kakhulu ekulawuleni iimpawu ezixutyiweyo. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-`Olanzapine (Zyprexa), i-`Risperidone (Risperdal),` kunye ne-`Quetiapine (Seroquel).` La mayeza asetyenziswa ewodwa okanye xa edibene namayeza okulungisa imeko yeemvakalelo.
Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT)
Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa kwabanye, i-ECT lunyango olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo kwiimeko ezinzima ezingenakulawulwa ngamayeza. Olu nyango lunokusindisa ubomi, ingakumbi xa kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuzibulala.
Ibaluleke kakhulu!
Amayeza okudakumba afana ne-'Fluoxetine (Prozac)' kunye ne-'Sertraline (Zoloft)', asetyenziselwa ukudakumba ngokubanzi, awanikwa xa kukho ezi mpawu zixutyiweyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba la mayeza anokunyusa iimpawu ze-mania (ukucaphuka, ukungazinzi). Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho akasayi kuze akunike la mayeza ngamaxesha anjalo. Into yokuqala omawuyizame kukulawula imeko ngamayeza okuzinzisa iimvakalelo okanye amayeza okulwa neengqondo.
Ngenxa yokuba isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder sisifo esibuyela umva, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokufumana unyango lolondolozo ukuze kuthintelwe ukubuyela umva, nokuba iimpawu ziphelile.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iimpawu ezixutyiweyo zesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder zifumaneka xa ufumana iimpawu zolonwabo olugqithisileyo (mania) kunye nosizi olukhulu (depression) ngaxeshanye.
- Eli liva elibuhlungu kakhulu, kwaye umngcipheko wokuzibulala uphezulu kakhulu.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezinye zezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela. Funa ingcebiso kugqirha ofanelekileyo ngoko nangoko.
- Amayeza okulungisa iimvakalelo kunye ne-antipsychotics asetyenziswa ukunyanga le meko, kodwa amayeza okunciphisa uxinzelelo aqhelekileyo awafanelekanga.
- Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza abhalwe ngugqirha okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Unyango oluhlala ixesha elide lubaluleke kakhulu.
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