Ingaba umntwana wakho unenyanga enye ubudala? Masifunde ngotyelelo lwenyanga lomntwana osempilweni!

Umntwana wakho omncinci ngoku unenyanga enye ubudala, eli lixesha elikhethekileyo kuni nobabini, akunjalo? Kule nyanga, umntwana wakho uyaqhelana kancinci nehlabathi kwaye ufunda izinto ezintsha. Ngoko ke, ukutyelela umntwana osempilweni kule nyanga yokuqala kubaluleke kakhulu. Makhe sijonge okwenzekayo ngeli xesha lotyelelo kunye noko kufuneka ukulindele.

Kwenzeka ntoni kolu vavanyo?

Xa usiya ekliniki nomntwana wakho, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kudibana nawe aze enze ezi zinto.

1. Ukulinganisa ukukhula komntwana

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukulinganisa ubunzima bomntwana, ubude bakhe, kunye nobubanzi bentloko yakhe . Ezi zilinganiso zidweliswa kwitshathi yokukhula. Oku kukunceda ukuba ubone ukuba umntwana ukhula kakuhle na.

2. Imibuzo ebuzwa ngugqirha kunye neengcebiso azinikayo

Okulandelayo, ugqirha uza kukubuza ngomntwana wakho, aphendule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo, aze akunike iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo. Uza kuthetha kakhulu ngezi zinto:

Malunga nokutya neziselo

• Indlela yokutyisa: Yondla umntwana wakho nanini na xa ebonakala elambile. Ukuba uncancisa kule minyaka, uza kondla malunga nezihlandlo ezisi-8-12 kwiiyure ezingama-24. Ukuba utya ubisi lwebhokhwe , uza kondla malunga nee-ounces ezingama-24 ngosuku. Ungalibali ukumnika ibhegi entle ngexesha nasemva kokumtyisa.

Malunga nendlela yokuchama kunye nokukhupha inkunkuma

• Inani lee-napkin ezimanzi: Ufanele umanzise malunga nee-napkin ezi-6 ngosuku.
• Ukuhla kokuphuma kwamanzi: Iintsana ezincanciswayo zingakhupha amanzi kathathu nangaphezulu ngemini. Nangona kunjalo, xa zineminyaka emalunga neeveki ezi-6 ubudala, ezinye iintsana ezincanciswayo zisenokungaphumi amanzi kangangeentsuku ezininzi. Iintsana ezincanciswayo ngefomyula zifanele zikhuphe amanzi ubuncinane kanye ngemini. Ukuba uneenkxalabo malunga noku, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Malunga nokulala

• Ukulala: Iintsana ezikule minyaka zilala malunga neeyure ezili-14-17 ngosuku. Oku kuquka ukulala okufutshane emini. Iintsana ezincanciswayo zingavuka rhoqo ebusuku ukuze zincancise. Iintsana ezincanciswayo ngefomyula zingalala ixesha elide.

Iziganeko zoPhuhliso

Kwinyanga enye, umntwana wakho kufuneka enze izinto ezinje:

• Bajonga ubuso nezinto ezihambahambayo, bejika iintloko zabo ziye kwelo cala.
• Xa besiva isandi, bayathula, baqhwanyaze , bajike iintloko zabo, baqhaqhazele, okanye bakhale.
• Nangona amalungu omzimba esagobile kancinci, imilenze iqala ukuvuleka kancinci.
• Zombini iingalo kunye nemilenze yomibini ziyashukuma kuzo zombini iindlela.
• Ukuba ubeka umntwana wakho kwindawo yokukhasa (Ixesha lesisu), uza kuphakamisa intloko yakhe okwethutyana.
• Ezi reflexes zeminyaka ethile (iiNewborn Reflexes) kufuneka ziphuhliswe kakuhle:
• Ukuvuselela Iingcambu kunye nokuvuselela ukumunca: Xa into isondela emilebeni, umntwana ujika intloko yakhe aye kwelo cala aze azame ukumunca.
• I-Grasp Reflex: Ukuba ubeka umnwe esandleni sakho, uza kusibamba kakuhle.
• I-Tonic Neck Reflex / I-Fencer's Pose: Xa intloko ijikwa ibekwe kwelinye icala, ingalo ekwelo cala iyalulwa kwaye ingalo ekwelinye icala iyagoba. Njengomntu osebenzisa ikrele.
• Impendulo yeMoro Reflex / Startle: Xa wothuka ngequbuliso, iingalo nemilenze ziyasasazeka zize zibuyiselwe ngaphakathi.

3. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba

Uza kuqala ukhulule umntwana wakho iimpahla uze wenze uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba. Oku kuza kuquka ukujonga amehlo omntwana, ukumamela intliziyo, ukujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukuhlola isisu, kunye nokuhlola amanqe.

4. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo (Uvavanyo loHlolo)

Ugqirha uza kujonga iziphumo zovavanyo lokuhlolwa kosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa esibhedlele. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ezinye iimvavanyo ziya kuphinda zenziwe. Ukuba uvavanyo lokuva aluzange lwenziwe ngelo xesha, luya kwenziwa ngeli xesha.

5. Ukunika Amayeza Okugonya

Ukugonya kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela umntwana wakho kwizifo ezinzulu. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukubanika ukugonya ngexesha. Iishedyuli zokugonya zinokwahluka kancinci ukusuka kwiziko lezonyango ukuya kwelinye. Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo loo nto.

6. Nika ingqalelo kwimpilo yengqondo kamama

Uxinzelelo emva kokubeleka luqhelekile koomama emva kokuba nomntwana, ngoko ugqirha wakho unokukubuza imibuzo malunga nempilo yakho yengqondo aze akucele ukuba ugcwalise iphepha lemibuzo elifutshane. Oku kuluncedo kuwe.

Gcina ezi zinto engqondweni yakho de kube luvavanyo lwakho lwenyanga olulandelayo.

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izinto ekufuneka uzinyamekele umntwana wakho de kufike ixesha lokuhlolwa kwakhe iinyanga ezimbini.

Masizinyamekele ukutya neziselo.

• Yondla injana yakho xa iziva ilambile . Kwakhona qaphela iimpawu zokugcwala (ukusuka ebisini, uvale umlomo wayo). Phakathi kweeveki ezi-6 nezi-8, injana yakho isenokuba namava okuthi "Growth Spurt", apho ilambile khona kunesiqhelo.
• Musa ukunika ukutya okuqinileyo okanye ijusi yeziqhamo .
• Musa ukufaka izinto ezifana necereal kwibhotile yobisi lomntwana wakho ngaphandle kokuba uyalelwe ngugqirha ukuba wenze njalo.
• Thumela izinto ezimnandi ngexesha lokuncancisa nasemva kokuncancisa.

Ukuba uncancisa:

- Ukuba awukaqali, ungapompa ubisi lwakho lwebele uze ulugcinele ixesha elizayo.

-Ukuba ukuncancisa kuhamba kakuhle, akukho nto imbi ngokunika umntwana ibhotile okanye i-pacifier. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho uyala ibhotile xa uyinika, zama ukuba omnye umntu ayinike ibhotile.

- Thatha i-multivitamin yonke imihla koomama.

- Buza ugqirha ukuba ufuna ukunika umntwana wakho amathontsi eVitamin D.

Ukuba unika ubisi oluyimpuphu:

- Nika umntwana ubisi olune-iron.

- Landela imiyalelo ekwiphakheji yobisi oluyimpuphu ngokuchanekileyo (xa ulwenza kwaye ulugcina). Musa ukongeza amanzi kubisi.

- Musa ukutyisa umntwana ngokushiya ibhotile ndaweni ithile, okanye umbeke umntwana elele ibhotile emlonyeni wakhe.

- Ukuba utshintshela kolunye uhlobo lwefomyula, thetha nogqirha wakho kuqala.

Ukhathalelo lwemihla ngemihla kunye nempilo

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle phambi kokuba uphathe umntwana. Cela abanye abantu abangena endlwini ukuba benze okufanayo. Gcina umntwana kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Hlonipha umntwana, nyamekela iimfuno zakhe . Akukubi ukuthabatha abantwana abancinci.
• Culela umntwana wakho iingoma, uthethe, kwaye umfundele iincwadi . Iintsana zifunda ngcono xa ziphakathi kwabantu.
• Ngeli xesha umntwana wakho evukile, chitha ixesha elithile "kwindawo yokukhasa" (Ixesha lesisu) phantsi kweliso lakho. Mjonge umntwana wakho ngeli xesha, kwaye umncede ukuba ubonakala ediniwe okanye esokola.
• Kuqhelekile ukuba iintsana zikhale ngaphandle kwesizathu ngamanye amaxesha (iixesha ezixakekileyo). Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantwana, oku kukhala kunokuba kugqithisileyo, kuhlale iiyure ngemini. Ukuba umntwana ongenazo ezinye iingxaki zempilo uba ne-colic, ngokuqhelekileyo iqala malunga neeveki ezi-3 ubudala, ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu malunga neeveki ezi-6, ize iphele malunga neenyanga ezi-3.
• Ukuba ubushushu bomntwana wakho bungama-38 degrees Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) okanye ngaphezulu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakala egula, fowunela ugqirha wakho. Musa ukunika umntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezimbini ubudala amayeza ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha kuqala.
• Kuqhelekile ukuziva udiniwe kwaye uxinezelekile njengomama omtsha. Kodwa ukuba ezi mvakalelo zinamandla kakhulu, okanye ukuba uziva ulusizi, uxhalabile, okanye uhlala ucaphuka, thetha nogqirha wakho.
• Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nemeko yakho yokuhlala (ngaba unazo izinto ozidingayo ukuze unyamekele umntwana wakho? Ngaba unokutya okwaneleyo, indawo ekhuselekileyo yokuhlala, i-inshurensi yezempilo?), thetha nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda unxibelelane nezibonelelo zoluntu okanye unontlalontle.

Ukhuseleko lomntwana (Ukhuseleko Kuqala!)

Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngezi zinto.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi ye-Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)?

I-SIDS kukufa ngequbuliso kosana olusempilweni ngelixa lulele. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuze uthintele oku:

• Soloko ulalisa umntwana wakho ejonge phezulu, kumatrasi othe tyaba, oqinileyo, kwibhedi yomntwana okanye kwibhesinet. Musa ukulalisa umntwana wakho ngesisu sakhe okanye ngecala lakhe. Musa ukubeka iibhampa zebhedi yomntwana, iingubo, imiqamelo, okanye izinto zokudlala ezithambileyo kwibhedi yomntwana.
• Ncancisa ibele ukuba kunokwenzeka.
• De kube lixesha lokuzalwa komntwana wakho, ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6 (umngcipheko we-SIDS uphezulu ngeli xesha), lala kwibhedi eyahlukileyo kwigumbi lakho, ecaleni kwebhedi yakho . (Akukho ebhedini - akukho kwabelana ngebhedi).
• Gcina ubushushu begumbi bukhululekile kwaye uthintele umntwana ekutshiseni kakhulu . Nxibisa umntwana ngendlela efanelekileyo ehambelana nobushushu begumbi, kwaye unganxibi kakhulu. Musa ukugquma intloko ngelixa ulele. Jonga ukuba akukho ukubila kunye nobushushu bomzimba.
• Cinga ngokunika umntwana wakho i-pacifier ukuba ayimunce ukuze imncede alale . Ukuba umntwana wakho akayithandi i-pacifier, musa ukuyinyanzela. Ukuba i-pacifier iphuma emlonyeni wakhe ngelixa elele, akufuneki uyibuyisele. Ukuba uncancisa, mnike i-pacifier emva kokuba eqhele ukuncancisa.
• Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho alale kwindawo engafanelekanga yokulala, njengakwisixhobo sokuhlala (njengesihlalo semoto), umqamelo wokuncancisa (njengomqamelo weBoppy), okanye ezinye izixhobo ezivumela abantwana ukuba balale phantsi (njenge-'Dock-a-Tot', 'Podster', 'Bummzie').
• Musa ukusebenzisa naziphi na izixhobo (ezifana nezithinteli zokulala, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo kunye nezithinteli zokuphefumla) ezithi zinciphisa umngcipheko we-SIDS. Akukho mveliso yenza loo nto.
• Qinisekisa ukuba yonke into oyisebenzisela ukulala komntwana wakho, kuquka izinto zokulala kunye neematrasi, iyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko evunyiweyo yiarhente ethembekileyo, efana ne-US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).

Amanye amacebiso abalulekileyo okhuseleko

• Musa ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa ii-e-cigarettes . Musa ukuvumela nabani na ukuba atshaye okanye asebenzise i-vape kwindawo apho umntwana wakho akhoyo.
• Soloko ubeka umntwana wakho kwisitulo sangasemva emotweni, kwisitulo semoto esijonge ngasemva . Ungaze umshiye yedwa emotweni umntwana wakho.
• Gcina zonke izinto zokudlala ngeentambo, iingcingo, kunye neeluphu kude nomntwana wakho.
• Musa ukumshiya umntwana wakho eyedwa xa evukile, ingakumbi xa ekwindawo ephakamileyo okanye ngexesha lokuhlamba.
• Ungaze umshukumise umntwana wakho! Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukopha ebuchotsheni kwanokufa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Shaken Baby Syndrome'. Ukuba ukhe uzive unomsindo okanye ukhathazekile ukuba ungamenzakalisa umntwana wakho, mbeke umntwana wakho kwindawo yokubeka umntwana wakho ebhedini uze umke imizuzu embalwa. Fowunela umhlobo, isalamane, okanye ugqirha wakho ukuze akuncede.
• Nciphisa ukuvezwa lilanga . Gcina umntwana wakho egqunywe kwaye emthunzini kangangoko kunokwenzeka. I-sunscreen ayikhuthazwa kubantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umthunzi kunye neempahla aziboneleli ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo, umntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala angasebenzisa inani elincinci le-sunscreen.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Ngoko ke, ngokufutshane nje, olu vavanyo lwenyanga nolwempilo lomntwana lithuba elihle lokuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nophuhliso lomntwana wakho, impilo yakhe, kunye nokhuseleko lwakhe.

Ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na inkxalabo okanye uloyiko onalo. Kwakhona, njengomama, kubalulekile ukunyamekela impilo yakho. Kuphela xa usempilweni apho unokunyamekela kakuhle umntwana wakho.

Ndiyathemba ukuba la macebiso aya kukunceda. Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle wena nomntwana wakho omncinci!

Impilo yosana , Ukuhlolwa kwenyanga, Utyelelo lomntwana osempilweni, Uphuhliso losana, Ukugonywa, i-SIDS, Ukuncancisa, Uxinzelelo lwasemva kokubeleka