Ukuhlolwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku ezi-3-5 (Utyelelo lomntwana ophilileyo): Masiqaphele oku!

Siyavuyisana nawe kunye nomntwana wakho omncinci! Kufuneka ukuba uxakeke kakhulu kule mihla, kwaye kufuneka ukuba ujongene namava amaninzi amatsha. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa umntwana ezelwe, oko kukuthi, phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 nezi-5, kuya kufuneka ubonise umntwana kugqirha okanye umse ekliniki. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`( Well-Child Tour )`. Olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu. Ngoko ke, makhe sibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo, kunye noko kufuneka ukulindele.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuhlolwa?

Ngexesha lovavanyo lokuqala, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kujonga izinto ezininzi ngomntwana wakho. Eli lixesha elihle lokubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo kunye nokuthetha ngento ekukhathazayo.

1. Ukulinganisa ukukhula komntwana :

• Into yokuqala ekufuneka yenziwe kukulinganisa ubunzima bomntwana, ubude, kunye nobubanzi bentloko yakhe uze uzibhale phantsi kwi-"Growth Chart." Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ukuba umntwana ukhula kakuhle na.

2. Ukubuza imibuzo aze akunike iingcebiso:

Ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kukubuza malunga nokutya komntwana wakho, ukulala kwakhe, ukuchama kwakhe , ukuvuza kwakhe , njl. Musa ukuthandabuza ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo, nokuba mincinci kangakanani na.

• Indlela yokuncancisa: Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kufuneka zincanciswe nanini na xa zilambile.
• Ukuba uncancisa : Ungaziva ulambile rhoqo emva kweyure eyi-1-3. Ugqirha okanye umongikazi wakho angakunceda ngayo nayiphi na ingxaki ngokukujonga uncancisa. Ungalibali ukumbhoxa umntwana wakho emva nangexesha lokumncancisa.
• Ukuba unika ubisi lwebhokhwe: Usenokuziva ulambile rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-2-4.
• Indlela yokuchama nokungcolisa: Usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa kufuneka lube neenapukeni ezimanzi ezimalunga nezi-6 ngosuku. Inani lamaxesha umntwana angcolisa ngawo linokwahluka ukusuka kusana ukuya kusana, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo umntwana uya kungcolisa kathathu ukuya kane ngosuku, ngobunono nangokulula. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, thetha nogqirha wakho.
• Ukulala: Usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lunokulala malunga neeyure ezili-14-17 ngosuku. Nangona kunjalo, olu buthongo aluqhubeki, kwaye luvuka rhoqo emini nasebusuku ukuze luncancise.
• Iintsana ezincanciswayo zidla ngokuvuka rhoqo emva kweyure eyi-1-3.
• Iintsana ezincanciswa ubisi lwebele zinokulala ixesha elide kuba ubisi lwebele luthatha ixesha elide ukwetyisa, nto leyo ebenza bazive behluthi. Ziya kuvuka rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-2-4.
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ungamvumeli umntwana wakho alale iiyure ezingaphezu kwezine phakathi kokumtyisa de atyebe ngokufanelekileyo (ngesiqhelo kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala). Emva koko, kulungile ukuba umntwana wakho alale ixesha elide.
• Ukukhula kunye nezakhono:Kwinyanga yokuqala, abantwana kufuneka babonise oku kulandelayo:
• Bajonga ubuso nezinto ezikhanyisiweyo malunga ne-8-12 intshi (20-30 cm) ukusuka apho.
• Iphendula kwizandi - isenokuthula, iqhwanyaze , ijike intloko, ishukume, okanye ide ikhale xa isiva isandi.
• Gcina iingalo nemilenze yakho isongiwe.
• Omabini amalungu ahamba kunye.
• Xa ibekwe esiswini (oku kufanele kwenziwe kuphela xa umntwana evukile kwaye ubukele), phakamisa intloko yakhe okwethutyana.
• Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa zineempawu zokusabela ngokwemvelo (iiNewborn Reflexes) . Ezi zizinto ezenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:
• `Ukuhluma kunye nokuSuka`: Xa into ibekwe kufutshane nomlomo, umntwana ujika intloko yakhe aye kwelo cala aze aqalise ukumunca (njengokukhangela ibele likamama okanye ingono yebhotile).
• I-Grasp Reflex: Xa umunwe ubekwa entendeni yesandla, uyaqina kwaye uyabamba.
• `Indlela yokuma kukaFencer`: Jika intloko yakho uye kwelinye icala, wolule ingalo yakho kwelo cala uze ugobe ingalo yakho kwelinye icala. Njengokungathi utsala isaphetha.
• `Moro Reflex` (Impendulo Yokothuka): Xa wothuka ngequbuliso, umzimba ukhupha iingalo kunye nemilenze zombini uze uzitsale kwakhona.

3. Ukuhlolwa komzimba wonke:

Ugqirha uza kususa zonke iimpahla zomntwana aze amhlole umntwana ophambi kwakho. Oku kuza kuquka ukujonga amehlo omntwana , ukumamela ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana, ukujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukujonga i-umbilical cord, kunye nokujonga amathambo esinqe.

4. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo `(Uvavanyo loHlolo)`:

Ugqirha uza kujonga iziphumo zovavanyo olwenziwe esibhedlele. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ezinye iimvavanyo zingaphindwa. Ukuba uvavanyo lokuva lomntwana alwenziwanga esibhedlele, luya kwenziwa ngeli xesha.

5. Iigonyo :

Ukugonywa kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela umntwana wakho kwizifo ezinzulu. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukunika umntwana wakho imigonyo ngexesha. Iishedyuli zokugonywa zinokwahluka kancinci ngokweekliniki. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane into omawuyilindele.

Gcina ezi zinto engqondweni de uhlolwe kwakhona (kwinyanga).

Ixesha elizayo xa usisa umntwana wakho kuvavanyo limalunga nenyanga. Ngaphambi koko, nceda uzinyamekele ezi zinto.

Malunga nokutya neziselo

• Yondla umntwana wakho nanini na xa elambile. Kwakhona qaphela iimpawu umntwana wakho azibonisayo xa elambile. Umzekelo, ukujika intloko yakhe isuke ebeleni okanye ebhotileni, ukugquma umlomo wakhe, njl.
• Musa ukunika ukutya okuqinileyo okanye ijusi yeziqhamo .
• Ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha ecebise,Musa ukufaka i-cereal kwibhotile yobisi lomntwana wakho.
• Ukuba uncancisa:
• Nceda umntwana abambe kakuhle: Umlomo wakhe mawuvuleke kakhulu, ulwimi lwakhe lube phantsi kwebele, kwaye ibele lonke lifanele lifakwe emlonyeni.
• Ufanele uqhubeke nokuthatha i-"Prenatal Vitamin" okanye i-"Multivitamin" yonke imihla.
• Buza ugqirha wakho malunga namathontsi eVitamin D omntwana wakho.
• Musa ukusebenzisa iibhotile okanye izinto zokuthambisa ibele de kube sele kuqalile ukuncancisa (ngesiqhelo malunga nenyanga).
• Ukuba ungumama oncancisayo:
• Nika umntwana wakho ubisi oluqiniswe ngentsimbi.
• Landela imiyalelo ekwiphakheji yobisi oluyimpuphu xa usenza kwaye ugcina iibhotile.
• Musa ukushiya iibhotile zixhonywe phezu kwanto, okanye ulalise umntwana wakho nebhotile.
• Ukuba utshintsha uhlobo oluthile lwefomyula, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Ukhathalelo lwemihla ngemihla

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle phambi kokuba uphathe umntwana wakho. Gcina umntwana wakho kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Ukuthintela intambo yesisu ukuba ingomi, yisonge i-navel ngaphantsi kwenkaba. Intambo yesisu idla ngokuwa emva kweentsuku ezili-10-14.
• Ukuba umntwana yinkwenkwe eyolukileyo, faka ijeli encinci yepetroleum kwilungu lakhe langasese okanye phambi kwenkaba yakhe.
• De intambo yosana iwe kwaye inxeba lokuluswa liphole , hlamba umntwana wakho usebenzisa indlela yokuhlamba ngesiponji. Vavanya amanzi esihlahleni sakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba akashushu kakhulu.
• Sebenzisa isepha kunye neloshini ezingenavumba.
• Bamba umntwana wakho rhoqo kwaye umnyamekele iimfuno zakhe. Awunakummosha umntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa. Oko kuthetha ukuba akayi kummosha ngenxa yokuba ummosha.
• Culela umntwana wakho iingoma, uthethe, kwaye umfundele iincwadi. Iintsana zifunda ngcono xa zidibana nabantu.
• Kuqhelekile ukuba iintsana zibe nexesha lokuxakeka nokulila rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantwana, oku kukhala kunokuba nzima kakhulu, kuthathe iiyure ngemini. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'(Colic)'. Ukuba umntwana osempilweni ukhula nge-'(Colic)', kudla ngokuqala malunga neeveki ezi-3 ubudala.
• Ukuba ubushushu bomntwana wakho buyi-100.4°F (38°C) okanye ngaphezulu xa ujonga umqolo wakhe, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Kwakhona, ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakala egula, akaseli, akachami , unebala elimthubi, okanye ubomvu okanye ubomvu obujikeleze i-umbilical cord okanye indawo yokwalukela, fowunela ugqirha wakho. Musa ukunika umntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-2 ubudala amayeza ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho kuqala.
• Kuqhelekile ukuba oomama abatsha bazive bexinezelekile kwaye bexinezelekile ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa ukuba ezi mvakalelo zingaphaya kwamandla akho, okanye ukuba uziva ulusizi, uxhalabile, okanye ukhathazekile, thetha nogqirha wakho.
• Ukuba ukhathazekile ngemeko yakho yokuhlala, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ngaba unayo into oyifunayo ukuze unyamekele umntwana? Ngaba unokutya okwaneleyo, indawo ekhuselekileyo yokuhlala, kunye ne-inshurensi yezempilo? Ugqirha angakuxelela ngezixhobo zoluntu okanye akuthumele kumncedisi wentlalontle.

Malunga nokhuseleko

• Ukuze unciphise umngcipheko we-Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), yenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:
• Soloko ulalisa umntwana wakho ngomqolo (hayi ngesisu okanye ngecala), kumatrasi oqinileyo nothe tyaba. Musa ukubeka iibhampa zebhedi, iingubo, imiqamelo, okanye izinto zokudlala ezithambileyo kwibhedi okanye kwi-bassinet.
• Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ncancisa umntwana.
• De umntwana wakho abe nonyaka omnye ubudala, okanye ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezi-6 zokuqala, xa umngcipheko we-SIDS uphezulu, lala ebhedini kwigumbi lakho, ecaleni kwebhedi yakho.
• Gcina ubushushu begumbi bukhululekile kwaye uthintele umntwana wakho ukuba angatshi kakhulu. Nxibisa umntwana wakho ngendlela efanelekileyo yobushushu begumbi, kwaye ungamnxibisi kakhulu. Musa ukumgquma intloko ngelixa elele. Jonga ukuba uyabila okanye uziva eshushu na.
• Cinga ngokunika umntwana wakho i-pacifier ukuba ayimunce ngelixa umlalisa. Musa ukumnyanzela ukuba amunce i-pacifier ukuba akayithandi. Ukuba uyiginya i-pacifier ngelixa elele, akufuneki uyibuyisele. Ukuba uncancisa, musa ukumnika i-pacifier de abe sele eqhele ukuncancisa.
• Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho alale phezu kwayo nantoni na engenzelwanga ukuba umntwana alale kuyo (umz. izihlalo zeemoto, imiqamelo yokutyisa, iibhedi zabantwana).
• Musa ukusebenzisa naziphi na izixhobo ezithi ziyanciphisa umngcipheko we-SIDS (umz., izinto zokubeka ixesha lokulala, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana kunye nezixhobo zokujonga ukuphefumla). Akukho mveliso ikwenza oku ngokwenene.
• Qinisekisa ukuba yonke into oyisebenzisayo ukulalisa umntwana wakho ihambelana nemigangatho yokhuseleko efanelekileyo.
• Musa ukutshaya, musa ukusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes okanye i-vape. Musa ukuvumela nabani na ukuba atshaye kufutshane nomntwana.
• Soloko ubeka umntwana wakho kwisitulo esingasemva, kwisitulo semoto esijonge ngasemva. Ungaze umshiye yedwa emotweni umntwana wakho.
• Xa umntwana wakho evukile, musa ukumshiya yedwa, ingakumbi xa ekwindawo ephakamileyo okanye ngexesha lokuhlamba.
• Ungaze umshukumise umntwana! Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukopha ngaphakathi engqondweni kwanokufa. Ukuba ukhe uzive ngathi ungamenzakalisa umntwana wakho, mbeke umntwana ebhedini imizuzu embalwa uze ufowunele umhlobo, isalamane, okanye ugqirha wakho ukuze akuncede.
• Gcina umntwana wakho egqunyiwe kwaye usemthunzini nanini na xa kunokwenzeka ukuze angachaphazeleki lilanga. I-sunscreen ayikhuthazwa kubantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umthunzi kunye neempahla aziboneleli ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo, umntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala angasebenzisa inani elincinci le-sunscreen.

Khumbula, konke oku kuluncedo kuwe nakumntwana wakho. Awuwedwa, kwaye ukuba unemibuzo, buza ugqirha wakho.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masiphinde sikukhumbuze ngezinye zezinto esithethe ngazo:

• Yiya kuhlolwa ngexesha: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi malunga nokukhula komntwana kunye nempilo yakhe.
• Lumka ngendlela otya ngayo: Ukuba uncancisa, qhubeka usenza njalo. Ukuba uncancisa ubisi lwebhokhwe, yenza njalo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
• Ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu: Qiniseka ukuba ulandela amanyathelo okhuseleko, ingakumbi lawo okuthintela i-SIDS. Ungaze umshukumise umntwana wakho.
• Buza imibuzo yakho: Ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho, nokuba yinto encinci.
• Khawucinge ngawe: Kuqhelekile ukuziva udiniwe kwaye uxinezelekile njengomama omtsha. Kodwa ukuba kunzima kakhulu, cela uncedo.

Ndikunqwenelela ixesha elimnandi nelinempilo wena nomntwana wakho!

Iintsana ezisempilweni, impilo yosana, ukuvavanywa kokuqala kosana, ukuncancisa, uphuhliso losana, i-SIDS, ukhuseleko losana