Ngaba wakha wajonga umchamo wakho waza wacinga, “Hmm… oku kukhulu kunesiqhelo”? Okanye ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uvuvukala ezandleni nasezinyaweni ngaphandle kwesizathu? Nangona singazinaki kakhulu ezi zinto, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba ziimpawu ezibalulekileyo ezinikwa ngumzimba wethu. Esinye sezibonakaliso ezibalulekileyo kukukhululwa kweprotheyini kumchamo , nto leyo esiyibiza ngokwezonyango ngokuthi `(Proteinuria)`. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokulula nangobubele namhlanje.
Yintoni i-proteinuria? (Yintoni i-proteinuria?)
Ngamafutshane, i-proteinuria sisixa esikhulu seprotheyini kumchamo wakho. Ngoku mhlawumbi ucinga, "Ngoko ke oko kuthetha ukuthini?"
Cinga ngale ndlela: izintso zethu zifana nesihluzo samanzi, okanye isihluzo. Zicoca igazi lethu kwaye zisuse inkunkuma engafunekiyo ngumzimba njengomchamo. Kodwa zikwahluza izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana neeproteni egazini kwaye zibuyisele egazini. Oko kuthetha ukuba izintso eziphilileyo azihlali zikhupha iiproteni.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi zintso zonakaliswe sisifo esithile sezintso, kuba ngathi imingxunya kwisihluzo ikhule kakhulu. Emva koko, iiproteni ezifana ne-albumin, ezifunwa ngumzimba, ziqala ukuhluzwa egazini kwaye zikhutshwe kumchamo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho zimpawu zokuqala zesifo sezintso, kwaye uphawu lokuqala lokuba unokuba neproteni kumchamo wakho kukuvela kweproteni kumchamo wakho. Uninzi lwexesha, ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ukukubona oku ngexesha lovavanyo lomchamo ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwezonyango rhoqo.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo zeproteinuria?
Ewe, le meko inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili. Ukuze uyiqonde kakuhle le nto, jonga itheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo lweProteinuria | Inkcazo elula | Ingaba yinto exhalabisayo? |
|---|---|---|
| Iprotheyini yesikhashana | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Luyavela luze ludlule ngamanye amaxesha. Lunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukuzilolonga kakhulu, kunye noxinzelelo. | Ngokwesiqhelo, akukho nto ifanele ixhalabe ngayo. Le meko iya kuphela yodwa xa unobangela uphelile. |
| I-Orthostatic Proteinuria | Iiproteni zikhutshwa kuphela kumchamo xa umile, kodwa azikhutshwa xa ulele. Oku kuqheleke kakhulu kubantu abancinci. | Le ayisiyongxaki nayo. Idla ngokuziphelela njengoko ukhula. |
| I-Proteinuria eqhubekayo | Esi sisifo esingapheliyo esenzeka ngenxa yeemeko zempilo ezisisiseko ezifana nesifo sezintso, isifo seswekile, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. | Olu lolona hlobo sifanele sikhathazeke kakhulu ngalo. Lusenokuba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu efihlakeleyo. |
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Amaxesha amaninzi, akukho zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba sisifo esingathethiyo. Kodwa njengoko imeko isiba mandundu, unokubona iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Umchamo onegwebu: Ukuba uphuma igwebu njengamanzi anesepha, luphawu olukhulu lokuba uneproteni eninzi.
- Ukudumba : Izandla zakho, iinyawo, isisu, nobuso ziyadumba. Oku kungenxa yokuba iiproteni ezinceda umzimba ukuba ugcine amanzi ziphuma kumchamo.
- Isidingo sokuchama rhoqo.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla .
- Ukudinwa kakhulu emzimbeni.
- Ukutya akunancasa.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha ebusuku.
Zithini izizathu zokuba kubekho iiproteni kumchamo?
Zininzi izizathu zoku. Ezinye zezokwexeshana kwaye azibalulekanga kangako. Kodwa ezinye ngokuqinisekileyo zezona zizathu esifanele sixhalabele ngazo.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo nezexeshana
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
- Ifiva
- Ukuzilolonga kakhulu
- Uxinzelelo oluqatha
- Amatye ezintso
- Ukuvezwa kumkhuhlane omkhulu
Izizathu ezinzulu zokuxhalaba
Eyona nto ibangela oku zizifo ezonakalisa izintso. Phakathi kwazo , isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zezona zimbini zixhaphakileyo.
Ukongeza, iiproteni kumchamo nazo zinokubangelwa zizifo ezinzulu ezifana nezi:
- Izifo zomzimba (umz. iLupus)
- Ukudumba kwezintso `(Glomerulonephritis)`
- I-Multiple Myeloma, uhlobo lomhlaza wegazi
- I-Preeclampsia, imeko eyenzeka koomama abakhulelweyo
- Iiproteni ezifakwa kwizitho zomzimba (i-Amyloidosis)
- Ukutyiwa kwetyhefu. (Kule meko, nxibelelana neZiko loLwazi lweTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ngoko nangoko.)
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Umhlaza wezintso
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Ngoko ke xa usiya kugqirha, nokuba kungenxa yezi mpawu okanye ngenxa yesinye isizathu, into yokuqala aza kuyenza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole. Emva koko, ukuba kukho amathandabuzo malunga nale meko, unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi.
1. Uvavanyo lomchamo: Olu lolona vavanyo lusisiseko nolubalulekileyo. Umcu omncinci wekhemikhali ufakwa kwisampulu yomchamo oyinikayo kwaye uvavanywe. Ukuba utshintsha umbala, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho iproteni kumchamo. Ukwahlolwa phantsi kwemakroskopu ukubona ukuba kukho ezinye izinto ezifana neeseli zegazi kunye neebhaktheriya.
2. Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokulinganisa ukuba izintso zakho zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani.
3. Iiskeni: Iiskeni ezifana ne-`(CT scan)` kunye ne-`(Ultrasound)` zinokubona amatye ezintso, iithumba, okanye ezinye izinto ezithintelayo.
4. I-Biopsy yezintso: Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa okukhulu kwesifo sezintso, ugqirha unokufuna ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili sezintso aze alihlole phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku kunokunceda ekuxilongeni isifo ngokuqinisekileyo.
Iphathwa njani?
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko seprotheyini kumchamo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana unobangela nokuwunyanga. Akuncedi ukunyanga kuphela ukulahleka kweproteni.
- Ukuba kungenxa yesifo sezintso:I-proteinuria inokuba luphawu lokuqala lwesifo sezintso esingapheliyo. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula esi sifo ngaphambi kokuba izintso zingasebenzi ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoku, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa amayeza, ukutya, umthambo kunye nokunciphisa umzimba. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, kunokufuneka i-dialysis.
- Ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okulawula ezo meko. Amaxesha amaninzi, la mayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) okanye i-angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). La mayeza anceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye akhusele izintso.
- Ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ukuba une-high blood pressure kunye ne-protein kumchamo wakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa, inokuba yimeko enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Preeclampsia." Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba le meko iyaphela kwiintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuya kwiikliniki zonyango rhoqo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho ukuze uvavanyo lwe-blood pressure kunye nomchamo wakho luhlolwe.
Ingaba oku kuyehla xa usela amanzi amaninzi?
Le yingxaki kubantu abaninzi. Enyanisweni, hayi. Xa usela amanzi amaninzi, uchama kakhulu. Oku kunokunciphisa uxinano lweeproteni kumchamo eziphuma ngexesha elinye. Oku kuthetha ukuba umchamo uyancitshiswa.
Kodwa oku akuyi kuzithintela izintso zakho ekuvuzeni iiproteni. Ngoko ke isisombululo sengxaki asikokusela amanzi kuphela, kukufumana nokunyanga unobangela wengxaki.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Musa ukuyityeshela imichamo enogwebu okanye ukudumba emzimbeni wakho. Isenokuba luphawu lokuqala lwesifo sezintso.
- I-proteinuria ayisosifo, kodwa luphawu lwenye imeko efihlakeleyo.
- Abantu abanesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kufuneka balumke kakhulu ngale nto. Gcina imeko yakho yempilo ilawulwa.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga noku, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
- Ukuba ufumana unobangela ochanekileyo kwaye uwunyange ngokufanelekileyo, nawe ungakuthintela ukonakala kwezintso kwaye uphile ubomi obusempilweni.
I-proteinuria, iproteni kumchamo, isifo sezintso, umchamo onamagwebu, isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukudumba komzimba
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