Ngaba uvuka kusasa uze uqale ukuthimla ngokungalawulekiyo? Okanye mhlawumbi ngelixa ucoca indlu okanye uhamba egadini entle, ngequbuliso ufumana impumlo yakho ivuza, uzive uxinene, okanye amehlo akho eba bomvu kwaye erhawuzelela? Nangona usenokuyithatha le nto njengomkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo, usenokuba ujongene nento eqhelekileyo: " i-allergies yempumlo ." Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula nexhasayo apha eNirogi Lanka.
Ngokufutshane, yintoni i-allergies yempumlo?
I-allergies yempumlo, eyaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge-`( allergy rhinitis )`, ngokuyintloko yi-reaction egqithisileyo kwinkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Cinga ngale ndlela: izinto ezikwindawo esikuyo ezifana nothuli, i-flower pollen , i-pet dander, okanye i-mold ngokubanzi azinabungozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-allergies, umzimba wakho uyazibona ngokungafanelekanga ezi zinto zingenabungozi njengeentshaba okanye abahlaseli abayingozi.
Ukuze ulwe nezi "ntshaba," iiseli zomzimba wakho zikhupha iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, kuquka i- histamine . Le histamine yeyona nto iphambili emva kwayo yonke impawu ecaphukisayo oyifumanayo. Yiyo ebangela ukuba impumlo yakho ivale, yenza impumlo namehlo akho arhawuzelele, ibangela ukuba amehlo akho anciphe , kwaye ikhokelele ekuthinimleni rhoqo.
Abanye abantu bane-aleji kwinto enye kuphela, ngelixa abanye benokuba novelwano kwizinto ezininzi. Ngaphezu koko, abanye abantu bafumana ii-aleji zexesha elithile ezenzeka ngamaxesha athile onyaka, ngelixa abanye bejongene nee-aleji zonyaka wonke.
Kwenzeka ntoni kwiisinus zakho?
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhe weva igama elithi "sinus." Ii-sinus zakho ziingxinano ezingenanto, ezizaliswe ngumoya ezijikeleze impumlo yakho, izidlele, ibunzi, naphakathi kwamehlo akho, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-`(paranasal sinuses)` ngokwezonyango. Ezi ngxinano zigqunywe yi-`(mucous membrane)` encinci.
Xa kuvela i-allergy reaction, i-histamine endikhankanyileyo ibangela ukuba ezi membrane zidumbe. Oku kudumba kuvala iindlela zokukhupha amanzi kwimingxunya ye-sinus . Ngenxa yoko, i-mucus nomoya ziyabanjwa ngaphakathi, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuxinaneni kwempumlo, iintlungu zobuso , kunye noxinzelelo. Xa abantu besithi, "Ndinesifo se-sinus," badla ngokuchaza le meko kanye.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili ze-allergies zeempumlo?
Iimpawu ziyahluka kumntu nomntu, kodwa kukho imiqondiso emininzi efanayo.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Impumlo Egobhozayo okanye Evaliweyo | Ukuphuma kwamanzi empumlweni okanye impumlo exineneyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. |
| Ukuthimla | Ukuthimla okuphindaphindwayo, okungayekiyo, ingakumbi kusasa. |
| Amehlo Arhawuzelelayo Namanzi | Amehlo abomvu, arhawuzelelayo adla ngokukrazuka. |
| Uxinzelelo lweSinus | Ukuva ukuqina okanye intlungu ebunzini lakho, ezidleleni, nasemlonyeni wamehlo. |
| Ukuvuza emva kwempumlo | Ukuva umhluzi uvuza ngasemva komqala wakho, nto leyo enokubangela umqala okrwelekayo okanye umnqweno wokuwususa. |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa, ukukhohlela, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuphefumla. |
Ungaqiniseka njani ukuba yi-allergy?
Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha wakho unokuxilonga i-allergy ngokumamela inkcazo yakho yeempawu kunye nokuba zenzeka nini.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima okanye ukuba ufuna ukuchonga ezona zinto zibangela ukuba ube ne-allergies, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali ye-allergies. Banokwenza uvavanyo oluthile olubizwa ngokuba yi-`(skin prick test)`.
Ngexesha lovavanyo lokuhlatywa kwesikhumba, kufakwa inani elincinci lezinto ezibangela i-allergen (ezifana ne-pollen okanye i-dust mites) eluswini lwakho, kwaye indawo ikrwelwa kancinci ngenaliti encinci. Ukuba une-allergy kwinto ethile, indawo leyo iya kuba bomvu, idumbe, kwaye irhawuzelele kwimizuzu embalwa, nto leyo enceda ekuchongeni izinto ezithile ezibangela ukuba uhlambe.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lusetyenziswa ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa ngokubanzi aluchanekanga kangako njengovavanyo lwesikhumba lokufumanisa ukuba kukho i-allergies empumlweni.
Iphathwa njani?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-aleji yempumlo iyalawuleka, kwaye kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezisebenzayo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara okanye uqale naluphi na unyango, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho. Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo ezifihlakeleyo (ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye isifo sentliziyo), amanye amayeza asenokungakulungeli.
Amayeza Athengiswa Ngaphandle Kwekhawuntara (OTC)
- Ii-Antihistamines: Ezi zezona ndlela zonyango zixhaphakileyo. Zithintela ukusebenza kwekhemikhali ye-histamine. I-'Cetirizine', i-'Loratadine', kunye ne-'Fexofenadine' ziindlela eziqhelekileyo, ezingalalisiyo.
- Imithi yokukhulula ukuxinana: Ezi zinceda ekunciphiseni izicubu ezivuvukileyo zeempumlo ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuxinana. I-'Pseudoephedrine' ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo. Ezinye ziphawulwe ngo-"D" (umz., iClaritin-D), nto leyo ebonisa ukuba zidityaniswe ne-antihistamine.
- Izitshizi Zempumlo: Izitshizi zempumlo ezikhulula ukuxinana (umz., i-Afrin) akufuneki zisetyenziswe ngaphezu kweentsuku ezi-3 ezilandelelanayo. Ukuzisebenzisa ixesha elide kunokwenza impumlo yakho ibe mandundu ngakumbi.
- Izitshizi zempumlo zeSteroid: Ezi zisebenza kakhulu ekulawuleni i-allergies zempumlo. Amayeza afana ne-'Fluticasone' kunye ne-'Budesonide' asebenza ngokunciphisa ukudumba kwimibhobho yempumlo. Zisebenzise kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
Unyango lwe-Prescription
Ukuba amayeza e-OTC awaniki ncedo lwaneleyo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika iindlela eziqinileyo.
- Ii-antihistamines ezinamandla ezifana ne-'Desloratadine' okanye i-'Levocetirizine'.
- Izitshizi zeempumlo ze-Antihistamine ezifana ne-'Azelastine'.
- Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa amayeza afana ne-'Montelukast'.
- Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: Olu nyango lukwaziwa ngokuba yi-"allergy shots," lusisombululo sexesha elide. Iidosi ezincinci, ezikhulayo ze-allergen ziyafakwa ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kunceda umzimba wakho ukuba uqhele le nto, ekugqibeleni uyeke ukusabela. Nangona kungengomntu wonke, kwabaninzi, unyango lweminyaka emi-3-5 lunokukhokelela ekuphumleni ixesha elide.
Ukhathalelo lwasekhaya kunye nohlengahlengiso lwendlela yokuphila
Ngaphandle kwamayeza, kukho amanyathelo alula onokuwathatha ukulawula iimpawu zakho.
- Ukunkcenkceshela Impumlo: Ukuhlamba imibhobho yempumlo yakho ngesicombululo setyuwa kunceda ukuhlamba izinto ezibangela ii-allergen, iintsholongwane, kunye ne-mucus egqithisileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu: Sebenzisa amanzi abilisiwe kuphela (aze apholiswe) okanye acoliweyo, acocekileyo.
- Ulawulo lweNdalo: Ukuphepha izinto ezibangela ingxolo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo.
- Ukuba une-allergy kwi-`(dust mites)`, sebenzisa izigqubuthelo ezingavumeli i-allergy kumatrasi wakho nakwimiqamelo kwaye uhlambe iibhedi ngamanzi ashushu rhoqo.
- Ukuba une-allergy kwi-pollen, vala iifestile ngeentsuku apho i-pollen eninzi khona.
- Ukuba kunokwenzeka, sebenzisa i-air conditioner okanye i-air purifier exhotyiswe nge-`(HEPA filter)`.
- Ulawulo lokufuma: Ukuba umoya womile, ukungakhululeki empumlweni kunokuba mandundu. Kwimeko ezinjalo , sebenzisa isixhobo sokufumisa umoya, hlamba ngamanzi ashushu, okanye uphefumle umphunga kwisitya samanzi ashushu.
- Ukhuseleko: Nxiba `(imaski)` xa ucoca indlu okanye usebenza egadini.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukunganyamezelani neempumlo kubangelwa kukusabela kakhulu kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye akusuleli.
- Ukuthimla rhoqo, ukuxinana, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa kwamehlo/impumlo zezona mpawu zibalulekileyo.
- Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise naliphi na iyeza—nokuba lithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha —hlala uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike icebiso.
- Ngaphandle kwamayeza, ukuphepha izinto ezibangela ii-allergens kunye nokugcina iimpumlo zakho zicocekile kunokulawula ngempumelelo iimpawu.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima okanye kunzima ukuzilawula, ungakhathazeki; thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela eziphambili ezifana ne-immunotherapy.
Ii-allergies zempumlo, ii-allergies zempumlo, i-Allergic Rhinitis, ukuthimla, ukuxinana kwempumlo, umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, ii-allergies, i-antihistamine, i-decongestant, i-steroid nasal spray, i-sinus, ii-Sinuses, i-Histamine
