Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kutheni sibila xa sibaleka sidlala, kutheni siqhaqhazela ngemini ebandayo, okanye singahlala njani siphaphile nokuba sitye kade kancinci xa silambile? Emva kwako konke oku kukho inkqubo emangalisayo, ezenzekelayo emzimbeni wethu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nkqubo imangalisayo ebalulekileyo ekusindeni kwethu, ebizwa ngokuba yiHomeostasis.
Yintoni i-homeostasis ngokulula?
Ngamafutshane, i-homeostasis yinkqubo apho umzimba ugcina khona imeko-bume yangaphakathi yomzimba wethu, njengobushushu , amanqanaba eswekile , kunye nomxholo wamanzi, kwinqanaba elifanayo, nokuba imeko-bume yangaphandle itshintsha kangakanani na. Kufana 'ne-auto-pilot' ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Lo gama nje le nkqubo isebenza kakuhle, siphilile. Kodwa xa olu lungelelwaniso luphazamisekile, lunokukhokelela ekuguleni nasekufeni.
Cinga nge-AC ekhayeni lakho. Xa uyibeka kwi-24°C, ukuba ubushushu begumbi bunyuka ngaphezu kwelo nani, i-AC iyavula ize ipholise igumbi. Xa ubushushu buhla ngaphantsi kwe-24°C, i-compressor iyacima ize ivumele ubushushu ukuba bubuyele kwisiqhelo. I-Homeostasis yinto efana nale. Umzimba wethu uhlala uzama ukugcina yonke into 'kwindawo ethile'.
Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo zokugcina imizimba yethu ilungelelene kule nkqubo:
| Into elawulayo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ubushushu bomzimba | Ukugcina ubushushu obufanelekileyo ngokubila xa kushushu nokungcangcazela xa kubanda. |
| Iswekile Egazini | Ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile ngokusebenzisa iihomoni ze-insulin kunye ne-glucagon. |
| Ifuthe legazi | Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokutshintsha izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo kunye nobubanzi bemithambo yegazi. |
| Amanzi kunye nee-Electrolytes | Izintso zigcina ulungelelwano lwamanzi emzimbeni ngokutshintsha ubungakanani bomchamo. |
Isebenza njani le nkqubo?
Inkqubo ye-homeostasis isebenza ngokudibanisa iinxalenye ezintathu eziphambili. Masiyicinge njengenkqubo yokhuseleko.
1. I-Receptor: Le 'yi-sentinel' emizimbeni yethu. Naluphi na utshintsho kwindawo engaphakathi okanye ngaphandle komzimba (umz., ukunyuka kobushushu, ukwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi ) luqala lufunyanwe zezi receptors. Ezi zinokuba ziiseli okanye izicubu. Nje ukuba utshintsho lufunyanwe, le 'sentinel' ithumela umyalezo kwiziko lolawulo.
2. Iziko Lolawulo: Eli 'liOfisi yoKhuseleko'. Eli ziko lihlala likwingqondo yethu (ingakumbi kwinxalenye ebizwa ngokuba yiHypothalamus). Emva kokufumana umyalezo ovela 'kumlindi', eli ziko lelona ligqibayo ngento ekufuneka yenziwe. Linika imiyalelo efana nale, "Kulungile, ubushushu bomzimba wakho buphezulu kunesiqhelo, kufuneka ubuyehlise."
3. Umphuhlisi: Nguye lo uthatha 'isenzo'. Uqhuba umyalelo ovela kwiziko lolawulo. Umzekelo, xa ubushushu bunyuka, amadlala okubila ayavulwa aze aqale ukubila ngokwemiyalezo evela kwiziko lolawulo. Emva koko umzimba uyaphola. Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi lunyuka, kwenzeka imisebenzi efana nokucothisa isantya sentliziyo okanye ukwandisa imithambo yegazi.
Ngamafutshane, i-sensor iyawubona umahluko, iziko lolawulo lenza isigqibo, kwaye i-actuator iphumeze eso sigqibo. Kukudibana kwaba bathathu okugcina ibhalansi yomzimba.
Iindlela zokufumana impendulo
Umzimba wethu uneendlela ezimbini eziphambili zokugcina olu lungelelwano.
- Impendulo Engalunganga: Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo esetyenziswa kwi-homeostasis. Okwenzekayo xa into idlula kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo, kukuba ibuyiselwe kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo. Njenge-AC. Ukuba ubushushu buyanda, buyancitshiswa. Ukuba inqanaba leswekile liyanyuka, liyancitshiswa. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luyanda, luyancitshiswa. Oku kusoloko kwenzeka ngokwenza into echasene notshintsho nokudala ibhalansi.
- Impendulo Entle: Oku kunqabile kwaye kwahlukile. Oku kubandakanya ukwandisa nokukhawulezisa inkqubo ekhoyo. Umzekelo ongcono kukujiya kwegazi . Xa usika isandla sakho, igazi lakho liqala ukujiya. Le ndlela yokujiya impendulo entle ikhawulezisa inkqubo yokujiya kwegazi kwaye iyeke ukopha ngokukhawuleza. Omnye umzekelo wolu hlobo lwempendulo entle kukujiya kwesibeleko ngexesha lokuzala.
Kutheni i-homeostasis ibaluleke kangaka kuthi?
I-Homeostasis bubomi bethu. Ngaphandle kwale nkqubo, iiseli emzimbeni wethu azinakusebenza. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ubushushu bomzimba wethu butshintsha nje ngobushushu bendawo esingqongileyo. Ngoko ke, kubushushu obugqithisileyo, iiseli zethu zinokufa.
Oku kungalingani yeyona nto iphambili yezifo ezininzi .
Umzekelo, iDiabetes Mellitus kukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-homeostasis elawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini. Ngokwesiqhelo, amanqanaba eswekile anyukayo xa sisitya alawulwa yi-hormone i-Insulin, ekhutshwa yi-pancreas. Xa amanqanaba eswekile ehla ngexesha lokulamba, i-hormone i-Glucagon iyakhutshwa ukuze iyibuyisele kwisimo sayo esiqhelekileyo. Kwisifo seswekile, le nkqubo ayisebenzi kakuhle. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka sithathe amayeza angaphandle ukuze sibuyisele olu lungelelwaniso.
Ngoko ke, ukuba uziva naluphi na ukungalingani okanye utshintsho oluqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uthethe nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, i-homeostasis ephazamisekileyo inokubuyiselwa kwimeko yayo eqhelekileyo.
Singenza ntoni ukuze silondoloze olu lungelelwano?
Utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela esiphila ngayo lunokunika inkxaso enkulu kule nkqubo imangalisayo.
- Lala ngokwaneleyo: Ukulala kubalulekile ekulungiseni umzimba kunye nokulinganisela kwamahomoni.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kunika umzimba amandla kunye nezondlo ozifunayo.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Ukuzilolonga kuphucula ulawulo lweswekile egazini, impilo yentliziyo, kunye nempilo yengqondo.
- Sela amanzi aneleyo: Amanzi abalulekile ekulawuleni ubushushu bomzimba nakwiinkqubo ezininzi.
- Lawula uxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo olungapheliyo lunokuphazamisa ibhalansi yamahomoni. Izinto ezifana nokucamngca kunye neyoga zinokunceda koku.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Homeostasis yinkqubo ezenzekelayo yokugcina imeko ezinzileyo nelungeleleneyo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu, nokuba imeko-bume yangaphandle itshintsha kangakanani na.
- Le nkqubo ilawula izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ebomini, ezinje ngobushushu bomzimba, iswekile yegazi, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Le nkqubo inamacandelo amathathu: ii-sensors, amaziko olawulo, kunye nee-actuators.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwe-homeostasis kukhokelela kwizifo ezininzi, ezifana nesifo seswekile.
- Ukulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunokunceda ukugcina olu lungelelwano lwendalo emizimbeni yethu.
- Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga noluhlala ixesha elide emzimbeni wakho, thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba.
i-homeostasis, ibhalansi, ubushushu bomzimba, uxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo seswekile, iihomoni, impilo
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