I-Dengue kunye ne-chikungunya azintsha kubantu bakuthi, akunjalo? Siyazazi kakuhle ezi zifo zithwalwa ziingcongconi, kwaye siyazoyika kakhulu. Kodwa ngaba ukhe weva ngomnye umkhuhlane wentsholongwane odluliselwa ziingcongconi, kodwa ongaziwa kangako kwilizwe lethu? Ubizwa ngokuba yiMayaro fever. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku, ingakumbi ukuba uhambela amazwe afana noMzantsi Melika kunye noMbindi Melika.
Yintoni kanye kanye iMayaro Virus?
Ngamafutshane, iMayaro yintsholongwane ethwalwa ziingcongconi. Ezi ntlobo zeentsholongwane sizibiza ngokuba yi "arbovirus" (arbovirus). Ifumaneka kakhulu kwiindawo ezinemvula zaseMzantsi Melika, eMbindi Melika, naseCaribbean. Le ntsholongwane idla ngokufumaneka phakathi kweenkawu neengcongconi. Abantu abaya ehlathini bosulelwa yile ntsholongwane xa belunywa yingcongconi eyosulelwe yile ntsholongwane.
Ithiywe igama elithi Mayaro emva kwendawo yaseMayaro eTrinidad apho yaqala ukuchongwa khona. Okwangoku, uninzi lweziganeko zixelwa eBrazil. Ngaphandle koko, esi sifo sinokubonwa nakwamanye amazwe afana neBolivia, iPeru, neVenezuela.
Khawucinge nje, uhlobo oluphambili lweengcongconi ezisasaza le ntsholongwane yingcongconi ethi `(Haemagogus)`. Kodwa ingxaki kukuba, iingcongconi ezithi `(Aedes aegypti)` kunye nethi `(Aedes albopictus)` ezisasaza i-dengue kwilizwe lethu nazo zinokusasaza le ntsholongwane. Oko kuthetha ukuba, ukuba umntu obuyile kwilizwe elinentsholongwane kaMayaro ulunywe yingcongconi ethi dengue kwilizwe lethu, loo ngcongconi inokusasaza esi sifo kwabanye abantu kwilizwe lethu. Le yeyona ngozi inkulu esijongene nayo.
Kukho iindaba ezimnandi. Le ntsholongwane kaMayaro ifana kakhulu nentsholongwane kaChikungunya. Ke ngoko, ukuba ukhe waba ne-chikungunya ngaphambili, ii-antibodies emzimbeni wakho zinokukhusela kwintsholongwane kaMayaro.
Zithini iimpawu zesifo sikaMayaro?
Iimpawu zeMayaro zifana kakhulu nezinye izifo ezithwalwa ziingcongconi ezifana nedengue kunye ne-chikungunya, ngoko ke kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa kwangoko ukuba sisiphi isifo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Umkhuhlane ophezulu ngequbuliso | Esi sifo siqala ngomkhuhlane ophezulu. |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu yamalungu (i-arthralgia) | Olu lolona phawu luphambili nolunzima kakhulu lweMayaro. Amalungu amancinci, ingakumbi lawo asezinzwaneni, ezihlahleni, emaqatheni nasezinzwaneni, aba buhlungu kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha amalungu anokudumba. |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zomzimba, iintlungu phantsi kwamehlo, ukubanda, isiyezi, ukurhawuzelela kolusu, amadlala avuvukileyo, kunye nolusu olurhawuzelelayo nazo zinokubonakala. |
Ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela kwiintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, eyona ngxaki inzima yintlungu yamalungu . Kwabanye abantu, le ntlungu yamalungu inokuhlala iinyanga, kwanonyaka. Inokwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla .
Kodwa khumbula, ngokungafaniyo nomkhuhlane we-dengue hemorrhagic fever, esi sifo asibangeli iingxaki ezinzima ezifana nokudumba kobuchopho (encephalitis) okanye ukopha. Kwakhona, akukho kufa kuxeliweyo ngenxa yesi sifo.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezidweliswe apha ngasentla emva kokutyelela ilizwe elinentsholongwane kaMayaro, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Iimpawu zinokubonakala naphi na ukusuka kusuku olunye ukuya kwi-14 emva kokulunywa yingcongconi.
Ngenxa yokuba ezi mpawu zifana nezifo ezifana ne-dengue kunye ne-chikungunya, uvavanyo lwegazi lunokufuneka ukuze kufunyanwe isifo ngokuchanekileyo.
Okwangoku akukho nyango lukhethekileyo lweMayaro fever. Ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza okulawula umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba kunye nentlungu yamalungu. Ukuba iimpawu zinzima, ungalaliswa esibhedlele.
Uhlala njani ukhuselekile kwiingcongconi?
Ekubeni kungekho nyango luthile lwesi sifo, eyona nto ingcono esinokuyenza kukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabikho. Oko kuthetha ukuzikhusela ekulunyweni ziingcongconi. Lumka kakhulu ngezi zinto, ingakumbi ukuba undwendwela ilizwe apho esi sifo sixhaphake khona.
| Indlela ekhuselekileyo | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|
| Iimpahla | Xa uphuma ngaphandle, nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde kunye neehempe ezinemikhono emide ukuze ugqume umzimba wakho kangangoko unako. |
| Izinto zokugxotha iingcongconi | Thambisa isixovuli seengcongconi esinezithako ezifana ne-DEET, i-picaridin, okanye ioyile ye-lemon eucalyptus kulusu olubonakalayo emzimbeni wakho. |
| Ukunyanga iimpahla | Faka isibulali-zinambuzane esifana ne-0.5% permethrin kwiimpahla zakho, kwiinethi zeengcongconi, nakwizixhobo zokukhempisha. Oku kuya kunceda ukugxotha iingcongconi. |
| Ikhaya kunye nendawo yokuhlala | Faka izikrini kwiingcango nakwiifestile. Sebenzisa inethi yokuthintela iingcongconi xa ulele, ingakumbi ukuba igumbi alikhange livalwe. Beka inethi yokuthintela iingcongconi phantsi komatrasi. |
Ngokulandela la manyathelo okhuseleko, ungazikhusela kungekuphela nje kwiMayaro, kodwa nakwiqela lezinye izifo eziyingozi ezithwalwa ziingcongconi, ezifana nedengue, chikungunya, malaria, kunye neZika.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- IMayaro yintsholongwane edluliselwa ziingcongconi, ezifana nedengue kunye ne-chikungunya.
- Iimpawu eziphambili ngumkhuhlane ophezulu kunye nentlungu eqatha yamalungu enokuthi ihlale iinyanga.
- Akukho nyango lukhethekileyo lwesi sifo. Kuphela ziimpawu ezinyangwayo.
- Kubalulekile ukuzikhusela ekulunyweni ziingcongconi, ingakumbi xa usiya kumazwe afana noMzantsi/uMbindi Melika.
- Ukuba uqalisa ukuba nomkhuhlane kunye nentlungu yamalungu emva kokutyelela loo ndawo, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko uze umxelele ngohambo lwakho.
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