Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba umbala wolusu lwakho, umbala weenwele, kunye nombala wamehlo zichongwa njani? Abanye abantu banesikhumba esimnyama, abanye banesikhumba esikhanyayo. Abanye baneenwele ezimnyama kakhulu, kwaye abanye baneenwele ezimdaka. Yintoni ebangela la mahluko emibala? Eyona nto iphambili ebangela konke oku ibizwa ngokuba yi-"melanin." Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto imangalisayo emizimbeni yethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-melanin.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-melanin?
Ngamafutshane, i-melanin yi-pigment eyenzeka ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu. Yinto enika umbala kulusu lwethu, iinwele, namehlo ethu. Iveliswa luhlobo oluthile lweseli emizimbeni yethu olubizwa ngokuba yi-"melanocytes." Okumangalisayo kukuba, sonke sinenani elifanayo leeseli ze-melanocyte emizimbeni yethu. Nangona kunjalo, inani le-melanin eliveliswa zezo seli liyahluka kumntu nomntu.
- Ukuba uvelisa i-melanin encinci kakhulu: Ulusu lwakho, iinwele, namehlo akho anokuba lukhaphukhaphu kakhulu.
- Ukuba uvelisa i-melanin eninzi kakhulu: Ulusu lwakho, iinwele, namehlo akho aya kuba mnyama.
Izakhi zofuzo zakho zikwachaphazela nobungakanani bemelanin eveliswa ngumzimba wakho. Yiyo loo nto umbala wolusu lwakho uxhomekeke kumbala wolusu lukamama wakho nolukatata wakho.
Ngoko ke iphi le melanin emizimbeni yethu?
Iiseli ezivelisa i-melanin zinokufumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni wethu.
- Kwindawo enzulu yolusu lwethu
- Kwiindawo zeliso ezifana ne-pupil kunye ne-iris
- Ezinweleni zethu
- Kwezinye iindawo zendlebe yangaphakathi
- Kwezinye iindawo zobuchopho kunye neendlala ze-adrenal
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-melanin?
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-melanin emizimbeni yethu. Wakuba wazi okuncinci ngezi zinto, uya kuyiqonda imfihlo yemibala yethu.
| Uhlobo lweMelanin | Inkcazo kunye nomsebenzi |
|---|
| I-Eumelanin | Yile nto enika ulusu lwethu, iinwele, namehlo imibala emnyama . Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zale nto, mdaka nomnyama. Ukuba iinwele zakho zimnyama, kungenxa yomxube we-eumelanin emnyama nemdaka .Iinwele ezimthubi ziveliswa yi-eumelanin encinci emdaka kunye nokungabikho kwe-eumelanin emnyama. Olu hlobo lunceda kakhulu ekukhuseleni ulusu elangeni. |
| I-Pheomelanin | Olu hlobo lunika umbala kwiindawo zomzimba wethu ezipinki , njengemilebe kunye neengono. Ngaba ukhe wababona abantu abaneenwele ezibomvu? Banomlinganiselo olinganayo we-pheomelanin kunye ne-eumelanin. Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo alukhuseli ulusu elangeni kunye ne-eumelanin. |
| I-Neuromelanin | Oku akunanto yakwenza nenkangeleko yethu. Kulawula umbala wee-neurons engqondweni yethu. |
Iingenelo ze-melanin emzimbeni wethu
I-Melanin ayisiyombala nje kuphela, isebenza njengesikhuseli somzimba wethu.
- Ukukhuselwa kwimitha ye-UV : I-Melanin inceda ekukhuseleni ulusu lwethu kwimitha ye-ultraviolet eyingozi (i-UVA, i-UVB, i-UVC) evela elangeni eliqatha njengakwilizwe lethu. I-Melanin ifunxa le mitha ize iyisasaze kumaleko ongaphezulu eluswini. Emva koko, loo mitha ayingeni nzulu eluswini ize ibangele umonakalo.
- Ukukhuselwa kwiintlobo ze-oksijeni ezisebenzayo (i-ROS): Ezi ziingceba eziyingozi eziveliswa ngexesha leenkqubo eziqhelekileyo zeeseli zethu. Xa ezi ziqokelelana emzimbeni, zinokubangela izifo ezinje ngokuguga ngaphambi kwexesha, uxinzelelo , isifo seswekile kunye nomhlaza. I-Melanin ikhangela ezi ngceba ziyingozi ize izitshabalalise ngaphambi kokuba zenze ingozi.
Ngaba abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama nabo bayayidinga i-sunscreen?
Le yingcamango ephosakeleyo enkulu phakathi kwabantu abaninzi.
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ukuba unesikhumba esimnyama, awudingi sunscreen ukuze uzikhusele elangeni kuba une-melanin eninzi. Kodwa loo nto ayilunganga kwaphela.
Inyani yile, nokuba ulusu lwakho lumnyama kangakanani na, ukhuseleko oluphezulu lwelanga olunikwa yi-melanin yakho lumalunga ne-SPF 13. Kodwa oogqirha besikhumba bacebisa ukuba sonke sisebenzise i-sunscreen ene-SPF 15 ubuncinane. Enye impazamo kukuba abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama abafumani umhlaza wesikhumba. Oko akulunganga. Izifundo zibonise ukuba nangona abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama bengenawo amathuba amaninzi okufumana umhlaza wesikhumba kunabantu abanesikhumba esimhlophe, esi sifo sidla ngokuba sibi kakhulu xa sixilongwa. Kwakhona, umhlaza wesikhumba kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama udla ngokukhula kwiindawo ezingachaphazeleki lilanga, njengezandla zakho kunye neenyawo zakho. Ke ngoko,
nokuba uluhlobo luni lombala wesikhumba sakho, kubalulekile ukunxiba i-sunscreen yonke imihla kwaye ulusu lwakho luhlolwe yi-dermatologist ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Ingakumbi ukuba ubona amabala amatsha, amaqhuma, okanye utshintsho eluswini lwakho, bona ugqirha.
Izifo ezinxulumene ne-melanin
Iingxaki ngokuveliswa kwe-melanin zinokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba.
Ubu-Albinism
Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga esibangelwa kukungabi namelanin eninzi. Aba bantu baneenwele ezimhlophe, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunye nolusu olukhanyayo kakhulu. Basenokuba neengxaki zokubona. Kufuneka basebenzise i-sunscreen ukuthintela umonakalo welanga. Akukho nyango luthile loku.
I-Melasma
Le yimeko apho kuvela amabala amdaka ebusweni.
Kukholelwa ukuba ibangelwa zii-hormone, iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, kunye nokuchatshazelwa lilanga. Ingalawulwa ngezinto ezifana ne-sunscreen, ii-creams ezibhalwe ngugqirha, kunye nonyango lwe-laser.
I-Vitiligo
Le yimeko apho kuvela amabala amhlophe eluswini ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ze-melanocyte. Njengoko sonke sisazi, akukho nyango luthile loku, kodwa kukho unyango olufana neekhrimu, unyango lokukhanya kwe-UV, kunye notyando.
Ukulahleka kwebala emva kokonakala kwesikhumba
Ngamanye amaxesha umzimba awukwazi ukuvelisa i-melanin kwakhona kwiindawo ezitshileyo, ezineempumlo, okanye ezineentsholongwane. Oku akudingi nyango, kodwa ungayigquma nge-makeup ukuba ayikuthandi.
Isifo sikaParkinson
Kwesi sifo, ubungakanani be-neuromelanin engqondweni buyancipha njengoko iiseli zengqondo zitshatyalaliswa.
Ngaba iMelanin inokwanda? - Masiqaphele iintengiso ezinobungozi
Kukho amayeza abhalwe ngugqirha kunye nonyango olukhethekileyo lokukhanya kwe-UV olunokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-melanin eluswini kubantu abaneengxaki ezifana ne-vitiligo. Nangona kunjalo,
kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngezinye zeemveliso ezithengiswayo. Kukho izongezo ezahlukeneyo, iipilisi, kunye neenaliti ezithengiswayo ezithi zikhanyisa umbala wolusu. Uninzi lwazo
aluvunywanga yiyo nayiphi na intlangano ethembekileyo, kwaye azikhuselekanga okanye azisebenzi kakuhle.- Iipilisi zokutshisa umbala:Ezi ziqulathe isixa esikhulu sepigment efana ne-beta-carotene, enika iikaroti umbala wazo orenji. Ezi zinokwenza ulusu lwakho lube nombala orenji-mdaka. Nangona kunjalo, azinyusi i-melanin. Kwakhona, ezi zixa ziphezulu zepigment zinokubangela umonakalo wamehlo, iingxaki zesibindi kunye nezifo zesikhumba .
- Iinaliti kunye nezitshizi zeempumlo: Ezi ziqulathe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-melanotan, ekuthiwa yonyusa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin, kodwa inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokucaphuka kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza wolusu .
Ngoko ke, ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nebala lolusu lwakho okanye ukuveliswa kwe-melanin, eyona nto ilungileyo nekhuselekileyo onokuyenza kukubonana nogqirha ofanelekileyo endaweni yokusebenzisa iimveliso ezingaqinisekiswanga ezikhoyo kwimarike.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Melanin yi-pigment yendalo enika umbala kulusu lwethu, iinwele, namehlo ethu.
- Ubungakanani be-melanin bumiselwa zii-genes, kwaye umzimba uvelisa i-melanin engakumbi xa ubekwe elangeni.
- Nangona i-melanin ikhusela kwimisebe yelanga eyingozi ye-UV, ayikhuseli ngokupheleleyo.
- Nokuba ulusu lwakho lunjani na, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ubuncinane ene-SPF eli-15 yonke imihla.
- Unyango luyafumaneka kwiimeko ezinxulumene ne-melanin ezifana ne-vitiligo kunye ne-melasma. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho eluswini lwakho, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iipilisi, iinaliti ezingavunywanga, njl.njl. ezikhoyo kwimarike ezithi zitshintsha umbala wolusu. Zinokuba yingozi enkulu empilweni.
I-Melanin, umbala wolusu, izifo zolusu, i-sunscreen, i-vitiligo, umhlaza wolusu
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