Ingabe unamabala anjengalawa ngaphakathi esihlathini sakho? Ake sifunde nge-(Buccal Mucosa Cancer)!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi isilonda esincane noma ibala elimhlophe emlonyeni wakho, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi esihlathini sakho, kungaba yinto eyingozi? Ngezinye izikhathi asikunaki. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zinto zingahlolwanga kahle, kungaba umdlavuza wangaphakathi esihlathini sakho (`Buccal Mucosa Cancer`) . Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa namuhla, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Uyini lo mdlavuza ongaphakathi kwesihlathi (umdlavuza we-Buccal Mucosa)?

Kalula nje, lo mdlavuza ukhula ezicutshini ezithambile ngaphakathi komlomo wethu, ulwelwesi lwezihlathi zethu, olubizwa ngokuthi i-mucous membrane . Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi uhlobo lomdlavuza olwenzeka esifundeni sekhanda nentamo.

Ungacabanga, ingaphakathi lezihlathi zethu lisuka ezindebeni liye emazinyweni okugcina ngemuva? Leyo ngxenye ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-buccal mucosa'. Lena i-membrane ebushelelezi kakhulu, emanzi . Yakhiwe ngezingqimba eziningana zezicubu. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukusiza imilomo yethu lapho sidla futhi sihlafuna. Iphinde ivikele ingaphakathi lemilomo yethu kumakhemikhali anobuthi kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo ezintweni esizidlayo nesiziphuzayo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zalo mdlavuza ezikhona?

Uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu oluvela ngaphakathi kwesihlathi lubizwa ngokuthi i-'Squamous cell carcinoma.' Lawa maseli 'e-squamous' awuhlobo lweseli eliyisicaba, elincane elitholakala engxenyeni ephezulu yesikhumba. Ngakho-ke, kulawa maseli lapho lo mdlavuza uqala khona.

• `I-Carcinoma in situ` : Lesi yisigaba sokuqala lapho umdlavuza usalinganiselwe khona ongqimbeni olungaphezulu, okusho ukuthi awukasabalali ngokujulile . Uma utholakala kusenesikhathi, kulula ukwelapha.
• Umdlavuza ohlaselayo : Kodwa-ke, njengoba umdlavuza uqhubeka, ungasakazekela ezingqimbeni zezicubu ezingaphansi futhi ngezinye izikhathi nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza osakazekayo .

Ngaphezu kwale `Squamous cell carcinoma`, kunezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile zomdlavuza. Lezi yizi:

• I-Lymphoma : Kukhona amangqamuzana e-lymphoid olwelwesini lomlomo wethu. I-Lymphoma yenzeka lapho lawa maseli eba nomdlavuza .
• I-Mucosal melanoma : Njenge-melanoma, ekhula esikhumbeni sethu, lo mdlavuza ungakhula futhi kumaseli e-pigment (ama-melanocyte) angaphakathi emlonyeni.
• I-Verrucous carcinoma : Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olukhula kancane kodwa kulula ukulwelapha . Lungase lubukeke njenge-cauliflower.

Uvame kangakanani lo mdlavuza?

Empeleni, 'umdlavuza we-Buccal Mucosa ' umdlavuza ongavamile.. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhulunywa ngomdlavuza womlomo, lokhu nakho kuyingxenye eyodwa. Ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society, cishe amacala amasha angu-15,000 omdlavuza womlomo abikwa minyaka yonke. Lokhu kufaka phakathi umdlavuza wesihlathi, amazinyo, izinsini, nolwelwesi, kanye nomdlavuza wolimi.

Ingozi yokuthola lo mdlavuza ivame ukwanda ngokuguga . Ivame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu njengoba ukhula.

Ziyini izimpawu zalo mdlavuza?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu zisesigabeni sokuqala . Uma unalezi zimpawu emlonyeni wakho isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela.

Izimpawu zokuqala:

• Izilonda noma izilonda ezibuhlungu emlonyeni, ikakhulukazi ezihlathini.
• Ukubonakala kwamabala noma amabala aphakanyisiwe, amhlophe noma abomvu .
• Ukopha okuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokudla noma ukuxubha amazinyo akho.

Izimpawu ezingase zivele uma umdlavuza usakazeka:

Uma umdlavuza uba mkhulu, noma usakazekela ezicutshini ezizungeze umlomo noma kuma-lymph node entanyeni, izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Umoya omubi .
• Ukuzwa ubunzima bokuvula umlomo.
• Amazinyo aqala ukuxega .
• I-lymph node entanyeni iyavuvukala futhi izwakale sengathi yiqhubu .
• Ukuqaqamba noma ukuba ndikindiki emlonyeni.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla ('Ubunzima bokugwinya').
• Uma indawo yomhlathi ivuvukele futhi ugqoka amazinyo okufakelwa, kuzwakala sengathi awangeni kahle emlonyeni wakho .

Uma ngokuzumayo uba nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungesabi. Kodwa, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela bese uthola iseluleko. Ngoba uma uthola ngokushesha, kuba lula ukwelapha.

Yini ebangela lo mdlavuza?

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthuthuka kwe-'Buccal Mucosa Cancer' ukuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi emizimbeni yethu . Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezo zinto:

• Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi : Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubhema ugwayi njengogwayi, ugwayi, namapayipi, kanye nogwayi ongabhemi (izinto ezisetshenziswa ne-chewing gum, i-chewing gum) . Ezweni lakithi, i-chewing gum ivame kakhulu. Esinye isizathu salokhu yi-betel nut (`i-Betel nut`) equkethe. I-betel nut iyisikhuthazi esikhula e-Asia nase-Afrika. Abantu bayayigaya ibe yimpuphu, bayisonge ngeqabunga, bese beyihlafuna.
• Ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile: Le ngozi iphakeme nakubantu abaphuza utshwala obuningi njalo.
• Igciwane le -Human Papilloma (HPV): I-HPV iyigciwane elidluliselwa ngocansi. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-HPV zingabangela umdlavuza wendawo yangasese kanye nengemuva komphimbo. Kodwa-ke, izinga elithinta ngalo umdlavuza womlomo, njengalezo zezihlathi, alikaqondakali ngokugcwele.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kunezinye izici eziningana ezandisa ingozi:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwensangu .
• Ukungahlanzeki komlomo.
• Ukudla okungenampilo .

Lo mdlavuza utholakala kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, uma uya kudokotela wamazinyo, into yokuqala abayiqaphelayo ushintsho ngaphakathi kwesihlathi sakho lapho behlola umlomo wakho. Uma besola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, bazokudlulisela kuchwepheshe (umhlinzeki wezempilo) ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungafaka:

• I-Biopsy: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yezicubu endaweni esolisayo bese uyihlola elebhu . Uma kuvela iqhubu, udokotela angasebenzisa i-scalpel, ithuluzi lokubhoboza, ibhulashi, noma inaliti encane ukuthatha isampula. Lena ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukuthi ingabe inomdlavuza.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana nokuskena kwe-CT, ukuskena kwe-MRI, kanye nokuskena kwe-PET kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuba aqonde kangcono isimila futhi abone ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izindawo.

Ziyini amazinga nezigaba zalo mdlavuza?

Izinga lomdlavuza linqunywa yimiphumela ye-biopsy, ebheka ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza ahluke kangakanani kumaseli aphilile azungezile, nokuthi abukeka futhi ahlelwe kanjani.

• Amaseli ahlukaniswe kahle: Lawa afana kakhulu nezicubu ezinempilo ngakho-ke anengozi ephansi yokusabalala .
• Amaseli ahlukaniswe kabi: Lawa ahluke kakhulu kwezicubu ezinempilo ngakho-ke anengozi enkulu yokusabalala .

Amabanga omdlavuza wesihlathi ahlukaniswa kanje:

• `GX`: Ibanga alihlolwanga.
• `G1`: Kuchazwe kahle.
• `G2`: Kuhlukaniswe ngokulingene.
• `G3` kanye `G4`: Azihlukaniswanga kahle.

Ukuhlola umdlavuza kuyindlela odokotela abayisebenzisayo ukuqonda ukuthi umdlavuza uyingozi kangakanani nokuthi kufanele welashwe kanjani. Lokhu kuthonywa yizici ezilandelayo:

• Usayizi wesimila.
• Ukuthi ngabe isakazekele yini kuma-lymph node (`Ukubandakanyeka kwama-lymph node`).
• Ukuthi ngabe isakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (`i-Metastasis`).

Kunezigaba 1 kuya ku-4. Isigaba 1 (`Isigaba 1`)Lokhu kusho ukuthi isimila sincane, asikasabalali siye kuma-lymph node, futhi asikasabalali nakwezinye izindawo. Kwezinye izigaba, kungase kube nokuhlanganiswa okuhlukahlukene kwalezi zici.

Iphathwa kanjani le `Buccal Mucosa Cancer`?

Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele wena ngokusekelwe ekuxilongweni kwakho, ibanga, kanye nesigaba somdlavuza.

Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuyindlela eyinhloko yokwelapha lolu hlobo lomdlavuza. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzama ukususa umdlavuza omningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kusetshenziswa amasu akhethekile ukunciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini ezizungezile ezinempilo nokulondoloza ukusebenza komlomo.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu yamandla emisebe ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza.

Ingabe lo mdlavuza ungavinjelwa?

Yebo, kungenzeka ngempela! Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-'Buccal Mucosa Cancer' yilezi:

• Gwema ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
• Ukuyeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi kuwumqondo omuhle, ikakhulukazi uma unomkhuba wokuhlafuna amaqabunga e-betel.

Futhi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kohlolwa amazinyo njalo ('ukuvakashelwa kwamazinyo') . Ngemuva kwalokho, uma kukhona ushintsho emlonyeni, lungatholakala kusenesikhathi . Uma kunjalo, kulula kakhulu ukulwelapha.

Iyini iphrojekthi yalo mdlavuza?

Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kulolu hlobo lomdlavuza. Uma ungawuthola ngokushesha, amathuba akho okusinda ayanda. Kodwa-ke, ngisho noma utholakala kusenesikhathi, amathuba okusinda kulesi simo ngezinye izikhathi angaba mancane kakhulu.

Kokunye ukuhlola kweziguli ezingu-30 ezine-`Buccal Mucosa Cancer`, ama-53% kuphela aphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokwelashwa. Futhi, cishe ingxenye yomdlavuza wabo yabuya. Kodwa khumbula, lolu ucwaningo oluncane kakhulu . Ngakho alukwazi ukusho ngokuqinisekile ngesimo sakho. Isimo somuntu ngamunye singahluka.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izilonda, amabala aphakanyisiwe, noma ukuphuma kwegazi emlonyeni wakho, ikakhulukazi ezihlathini zakho, osekuphele amasonto angaphezu kwamabili , qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamazinyo noma udokotela ojwayelekile. Kungaba yinto encane, kodwa kungcono ukuyihlola.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

`Umdlavuza we-Buccal Mucosa` uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala emlonyeni futhi ngezinye izikhathi lungaba yingozi empilweni. Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi notshwala yizona zinto eziyinhloko ezibangela lokhu.Uma usebenzisa ugwayi noma utshwala, cela udokotela wakho akusize ekunciphiseni noma ekuyekeni. Angakunikeza izinhlelo nezeluleko ezizokusiza ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Ukutholwa kwalesi sifo kusenesikhathi kubalulekile . Vakashela udokotela wamazinyo njalo. Uma unezimpawu ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, tshela udokotela wakho . Uma une-`Buccal Mucosa Cancer`, udokotela wakho uzoncoma uhlelo lokwelashwa oluzokunikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu lokululama. Ungesabi, yiba nesibindi.

Umdlavuza wesihlathi , umdlavuza womlomo, umdlavuza we-buccal mucosa, izimpawu zomdlavuza, izimbangela zomdlavuza, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, ugwayi nomdlavuza