Ake sifunde nge-COVID-19 kanye nokuhlolwa kwama-Antibody ngendlela elula.

Uyakhumbula ukuthi ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 lwaqala nini? Wonke umuntu wayekhuluma ngaleli gciwane nokuthi angazivikela kanjani kulo. Ngakho-ke, omunye wemibuzo abantu abaningi abayibuzayo kwakuwukuthi, 'Angazi ukuthi ngagula futhi ngaba ngcono yini, noma ngabe ngathola umuthi wokugoma futhi umzimba wami wavikelwa?' Ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody kuyinto esiza ukuphendula imibuzo efana naleyo. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula namuhla, kulungile?

Ngakho-ke ayini la ma-antibodies?

Kalula nje, ama-antibodies afana nonogada bomzimba. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, awuhlobo olukhethekile lweprotheni eyenziwe amasosha omzimba wethu. Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bawabiza ngokuthi 'ama-immunoglobulins' , okuyigama lesayensi kancane.

Cabanga nje uma isela lifika endlini yakho, ubungaba nonogada ozolibona isela bese elixosha. Yileyo ndlela la ma-antibodies asebenza ngayo. Lapho igciwane, okungukuthi, igciwane noma igciwane, lingena emizimbeni yethu, la ma-antibodies 'ayalibona' lelo gciwane. Ayalibona futhi alwe nalo, futhi asiza ekubhubhiseni lelo gciwane, noma okungenani alisuse emizimbeni yethu.

Lawa ma-antibodies avame ukukhiqizwa emizimbeni yethu kungaba ngemva kokugula futhi salulama, noma ngemva kokugonyelwa leso sifo. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi uma la ma-antibodies esekhiqizwa, amanye awo ahlala emizimbeni yethu isikhashana. Uyazi ukuthi kungani? Uma igciwane elifanayo lizama ukungena emizimbeni yethu futhi, la ma-antibodies ayalibona ngokushesha futhi alilwe ngokushesha kunangaphambili, esivikela. Kufana nesosha eliwine impi futhi elilungele isikhathi esizayo lapho isitha sifika.

Ngakho-ke, luyini lolu vivinyo lwe-antibody?

Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody kuwukuhlolwa kokubona ukuthi unawo yini lawo ma-antibodies esikhulume ngawo ngaphambilini egazini lakho, futhi uma kunjalo, mangaki. Njengoba nje amaphoyisa efuna ubufakazi bokubamba isela, odokotela bathatha ingxenye encane yegazi lakho bese befuna 'amasosha' athuthukiswe ukulwa nalawo magciwane.

Kungani kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody kwe-COVID-19?

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani kwenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa kwama-antibody kwe-COVID-19. Kunezizathu eziningana.

• Thola ukuthi uke waba nalesi sifo ngaphambili: Abanye abantu bathola i-COVID-19 kodwa ababonisi zimpawu ezinkulu. Noma bamane banomkhuhlane omncane. Ngakho abazi nokuthi bake baba nalesi sifo noma cha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, lokhu kuhlolwa kungahlola ukuthi umzimba wakho unama-antibodies yini ngokumelene negciwane le-COVID-19. Uma une-antibodies enjalo, kusho ukuthi uke watheleleka nge-COVID-19 ngaphambili.

• Bheka ukuthi amasosha omzimba anjani ngemva kokugonywa:Sithole umuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19 ukuze sivikele umzimba, okungukuthi, ukukhiqiza ama-antibodies. Ngakho-ke uma uthatha isivivinyo esinjengalesi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela, ungathola umbono wokuthi umzimba wakho ukhiqize ama-antibodies afanele yini, nokuthi angakanani. Kodwa khumbula, akulona nje inani lama-antibodies elinquma ukuzivikela kwethu . Sizoxoxa ngalokho kamuva.

• Ngocwaningo kanye nempilo yomphakathi : Uma wenza izivivinyo ezinjalo phakathi kwabantu abaningi, ungathola ulwazi oluningi oluwusizo, njengokuthi bangaki abantu abathole lesi sifo, ukuthi umuthi wokugoma usebenza kahle kangakanani, nokuthi igciwane lisakazeka kanjani. Lolu lwazi lusetshenziselwa ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nendlela yokulawula ubhubhane njengezwe.

• Kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile: Isibonelo, ama-antibodies avela egazini labantu abalulame ku-COVID-19 (okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-convalescent plasma' ) angathathwa futhi anikezwe abantu abagula kakhulu njengokwelashwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwama-antibody kungasiza futhi ekunqumeni ukuthi kufanelekile yini ukuthola i-plasma kumuntu onjalo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-antibodies ahlobene ne-COVID-19?

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-antibodies emizimbeni yethu. Uma sikhuluma nge- COVID-19 , sigxila kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zama-antibodies.

1. Ama-antibodies e-IgM: Lawa angama-antibodies okuqala akhiqizwa lapho igciwane lingena emzimbeni. Afana nebutho lokuqala elifika ekuqaleni kwempi. Abonisa ukuthi kube nokutheleleka kwamuva nje. Kodwa-ke, la ma-antibodies e-IgM avame ukunyamalala emzimbeni ngemva kwesikhashana.

2. Ama-Antibody e-IgG: Lawa athatha isikhathi ukwakheka, futhi avame ukubonakala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuba ama-antibodies e-IgM akhekile. Kodwa lawa ma-antibodies e-IgG yiwo ahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuhlala isikhathi eside . Njengamasosha anolwazi, anekhono, lawa yiwo ahlala emzimbeni isikhathi eside, elungele ukulwa uma igciwane libuya. Lawa ma-antibodies e-IgG avame ukubhekwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi sinesivikelo sesikhathi eside ngemva kwe-COVID-19 noma ngemva kokugoma.

Lolu vivinyo lwe-antibody lwenziwa kanjani?

Kulula kakhulu. Uma uya kudokotela, uma benquma ukuthi udinga lolu vivinyo, bazothatha isampula encane yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho . Akubuhlungu, njengokunikeza igazi ukuze kuhlolwe igazi njalo. Ngemuva kwalokho lelo sampula legazi lithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze lihlolwe. Ngezinye izikhathi kunezivivinyo ezisheshayo ezithatha ithonsi elincane legazi emunweni wakho, kodwa zingase zingabi neqiniso njengezivivinyo zelabhorethri.

Ungayiqonda kanjani imiphumela yombiko wokuhlolwa?

Uma umphumela wokuhlolwa kwe-antibody yakho ubuya, uzothi 'Okuhle' noma 'Okubi'.

• Umphumela omuhle: Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-antibodies egciwane le-COVID-19 atholakale egazini lakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi,
• Kungenzeka ukuthi wake waba ne-COVID-19 ngaphambili (noma ngabe unezimpawu noma awunazo).
• Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole umuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19 futhi umzimba wakho kungenzeka ukuthi usungule ama-antibodies ukuze uphendule kuwo.

• Umphumela ongemuhle: Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-antibodies egciwane le-COVID-19 awatholakalanga egazini lakho. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:
• Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze ube ne-COVID-19.
• Kungenzeka ukuthi awuzange ugonywe, noma kungenzeka ukuthi akukadluli isikhathi esanele selokhu wathola umuthi wokugoma ukuze wakhe ama-antibodies (ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto ambalwa).
• Uma sekuyisikhathi eside ugula noma ugonywe, amazinga akho e-antibody angase ehle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi abanye abantu bathuthukise ama-antibodies, kodwa amazinga angase abe phansi kakhulu ukuthi angatholakala ngokuhlolwa.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu: Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-antibody. Angakuchazela ngendlela efanele isimo sakho.

Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule mayelana nokuhlolwa kwama-antibody

Nakuba ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody ye-COVID-19 kuwusizo kakhulu, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzazi ngazo.

• Ukuba nama-antibodies akusivikelo esingu-100%: Ukuba nama-antibodies emzimbeni wakho akusho ukuthi ngeke uphinde uthole i-COVID-19. Ama-antibodies ayingxenye eyodwa nje yesimiso sethu somzimba . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinto eziningi, njenge -'T - cell', zinegalelo ekuvikelekeni kwethu. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe unama-antibodies, ungagula futhi, kodwa uma wenza kanjalo, lesi sifo cishe asibi kakhulu.

• Amazinga e-antibody ayashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi: Inani lama-antibodies akhiqizwa yimizimba yethu alifani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Amazinga awo angancipha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, noma amazinga akho e-antibody ephezulu namuhla, angase anciphe ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

• Lokhu akusikho ukuhlolwa kokubona ukuthi unalesi sifo: Yilapho abantu abaningi benza khona amaphutha. Ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody kukutshela kuphela ukuthi wake waba nalesi sifo esikhathini esidlule noma ukuthi uke wakha ama-antibodies avela emgomeni. Ngeke kukutshele ukuthi utheleleke yini nge-COVID-19 njengamanje noma ukuthi ungamthelela omunye umuntu. Lokho kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwe-PCR noma ukuhlolwa kwe-Rapid Antigen .

• Ukuhlolwa okuhlukene, imiphumela ehlukene:Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokuhlolwa kwama-antibody emakethe. Akuzona zonke ezizwela ngokulinganayo. Ezinye izivivinyo zifuna ama-antibodies ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zegciwane le-COVID-19. Ngakho-ke, imiphumela yokuhlolwa okwenziwe yilabhorethri eyodwa ingase ihluke kancane emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa okwenziwe yilabhorethri enye.

• Ama-antibodies ngemva kokugonywa: Akuwona wonke umuntu othuthukisa ama-antibodies ngendlela efanayo ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19. Kungahluka kuye ngezici ezifana nobudala, ukuthi zikhona yini ezinye izifo , kanye nohlobo lomjovo owutholile.

Ngakho-ke, akufanele siyeke ukwenza imikhuba yezempilo esiyilandelayo ukuze sizivikele ku-COVID-19 (ukugqoka imaski, ukugeza izandla, ukugcina ibanga lomphakathi) ngokusekelwe kuphela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwe-antibody. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka naleyo mikhuba.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule kukho konke lokhu? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Sesikhulume kakhulu ngokuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19 Antibody. Ngakho-ke, nazi izinto ezilula okufanele uzikhumbule:

• Ama-antibodies amaprotheni akhethekile enziwa amasosha omzimba alwa namagciwane emizimbeni yethu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody ye-COVID-19 kuhlola ukuthi igazi lakho linawo yini ama-antibodies amelene negciwane.
• Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi uke waba nalesi sifo ngaphambilini noma ukuthi uke wakha ama-antibodies avela emgomeni .
• Umphumela omuhle usho ukuthi kukhona ama-antibodies. Umphumela omubi usho ukuthi ama-antibodies awakwazanga ukutholakala.
• Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa akuklanyelwe ukuthola ukutheleleka okukhona . Lokho kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-PCR noma i-Antigen Test.
• Ngisho noma unama-antibodies, ungacabangi ukuthi uvikelekile ngokuphelele . Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokulandela imikhuba emihle yezempilo.
• Amazinga e-antibody angashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Uma unokungabaza ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho .

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Njengoba ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 lungakapheli, kubalulekile kithi sonke ukuthi sihlale siqaphile. Uma unemibuzo, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Ukuhlolwa Kwama - Antibody, i-COVID-19, i-Covid-19, Ama-Antibody, Ukungavikeleki Emzimbeni, Igciwane