Sekuyisikhathi eside kusukela kwaqala ubhubhane lwe-COVID, akunjalo? Ukwesaba kokuqala sekudambile kancane futhi sesijwayele impilo evamile. Kodwa sisaqala ukwethuka kancane uma sizwa 'ngohlobo olusha lwe-Covid', akunjalo? Sonke sesijwayelene nezinto ezifana ne-Delta ne-Omicron manje. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ziyini ngempela lezi zinhlobo ze-Covid, ukuthi zikhula kanjani, nokuthi kungani kudingeka siziqaphele.
Iyini le 'nhlobo'?
Kalula nje, igciwane liyinto ehlala idlula ezinguqukweni ezincane. Cabanga nje, uma sikopisha uhlamvu olufanayo izikhathi eziningana, mhlawumbe uhlamvu olulodwa noma ezimbili zingashintsha, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenzekayo lapha. Igciwane lingena emangqamuzaneni emizimba yethu futhi lenze amakhophi ayizigidigidi zalo. Kule nqubo, ngezinye izikhathi amaphutha amancane ayenzeka.
Ulwazi lwezakhi zofuzo lwegciwane, okungukuthi, uhlelo lwalo oluphelele, luqukethwe kokuthile okubizwa ngokuthi i-RNA (ribonucleic acid) . Uma le RNA ishintsha lapho ikopishwa, siyibiza ngokuthi 'ukuguqulwa' . Igciwane elisha elinokuguqulwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu okunjalo libizwa ngokuthi 'ukuguquguquka'.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuzona zonke lezi zinhlobo ezivelayo eziyingozi. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zinguquko azinawo umthelela ekuziphatheni kwegciwane.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinguquko zingashintsha ngokuphelele indlela igciwane eliziphatha ngayo. Isibonelo:
- Kungasakazeka ngokushesha kunangaphambili.
- Kungenza lesi sifo sibe sibi kakhulu .
- Singakwazi ukugwema ukuthintwa yimithi yokugoma esiyitholayo noma amasosha omzimba esiwakhile ngenxa yokuthi sesithole lesi sifo ngaphambilini.
- Kungenzeka ingasabeli ekwelashweni okukhona.
Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke bahlala befunda ngalezi zinguquko ngenxa yalezi zizathu.
Uzihlukanisa kanjani izinhlobo?
Akudingeki sesabe zonke izinhlobo ezintsha esihlangana nazo. Ochwepheshe bahlukanisa lezi zinhlobo ngezigaba ezahlukene ngokusekelwe engozini yazo. Lokhu kusisiza siqonde ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo okufanele sizinake kakhulu.
| Ukuhlukaniswa | Kusho ukuthini lokhu? |
|---|---|
| Izinhlobo Zokukhathazeka (i-VOC) | Lezi yizinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu. Zisakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu, zibangela izifo ezimbi, futhi zingase zingasabeli kahle emithini yokugoma noma yokwelapha. Uhlobo lwe-Delta luyisibonelo esihle salokhu. |
| Izinhlobo Zesithakazelo (VOI) | Ososayensi basola ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo kulezi zinhlobo kungenza zibe yingozi esikhathini esizayo, ngakho-ke bayaziqaphela lezi. |
| Okuhlukile ngaphansi kwe-Monitoring (VUM) | Akukabikho idatha ecacile ngokusabalala noma umthelela walokhu, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi kubeka engcupheni ethile. Ukuziphatha kwabo kuqashwe njalo. |
Izinhlobo esizikhumbulayo kanye nesimo sakamuva
Kuwo wonke ubhubhane lwe-Covid, izinhlobo eziningi ziye zavela zadlula, futhi ezinye zazo zisacacile ezinkumbulweni zethu.
I-Delta ne-Omicron
Sikhumbula ukuthi uhlobo lwe-Delta lwasakazeka kabi kangakanani eSri Lanka lapho lufika, nokuthi izibhedlela zazigcwele kangakanani. Kwakuwuhlobo olunzima kakhulu olwawela esigabeni se-VOC.
Kwabe sekufika uhlobo lwe -Omicron , olwasakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngenhlanhla, isifo esibangelwa yi-Omicron sasingesibi njenge-Delta. Kodwa i-Omicron yayinezinye 'izinhlobo ezincane' eziningi. Ungase ukhumbule i-BA.2, i-BA.5.
Isimo sakamuva
Igciwane lisashintshashintsha. Muva nje, kube nokukhulunywa ngezinhlobo ezincane ze-Omicron ezifana ne-EG.5 (eyaziwa nangokuthi 'i-Eris' ngabanye) kanye ne-BA.2.86 (ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Pirola'). Lezi zingasakazeka ngokushesha, kodwa kunobufakazi obuncane bokuthi ngokuvamile zibangela ukugula okukhulu.
Ososayensi bathi isizathu sokuthi uhlobo lwe-Omicron lusakazeke ngokushesha kangaka ukuthi izinguquko zalo zofuzo zitholakala kakhulu engxenyeni yegciwane enamathela emaseli ethu abantu, okuvumela ukuthi ingene emaseli kalula.
Ingabe izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo?
Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Eqinisweni, izimpawu eziyisisekelo ze-Covid ziyafana kakhulu.
- Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda
- Ukukhwehlela
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba , ukukhathala okukhulu
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Ukulahlekelwa iphunga noma ukunambitha
- Impumulo egobhozayo , impumulo ecijile
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicanucanu, uhudo
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zamagciwane zabonisa izimpawu eziningi kanti ezinye zabonisa izimpawu ezimbalwa. Isibonelo, yize ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kwakuvamile kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zokuqala zamagciwane, kwancipha kancane ezinhlotsheni ze-Omicron. Ku-Omicron, izimpawu ezifana nomphimbo obuhlungu, impumulo egobhozayo, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu kwakuyizona ezazivame kakhulu.
Yingakho kungcono ukungazinaki izimpawu, ucabange ukuthi, "Mhlawumbe umkhuhlane ovamile nje." Uma unokungabaza, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Ngakho-ke, senzani manje?
Asikwazi ukuvimba igciwane ukuthi lishintshe. Kuyinqubo yemvelo. Kungase kuvele izinhlobo ezintsha esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa asikho isidingo sokwesaba lokho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela nokulandela izinyathelo zokuphepha.
Imikhuba yethu yezempilo isabaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukugqoka imaski yobuso : Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, ezingaphakathi.
- Geza izandla zakho njalo: ngensipho noma ngesibulala-magciwane.
- Ukuqhelelana nabantu: Ukuhlala kude nabanye noma nini lapho kungenzeka.
- Ukugoma: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imithamo efanele yomjovo we-Covid kanye nemithamo yokuqinisa njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho.
Lezi zinto ezilula zingasisiza kakhulu ekuzivikeleni kunoma yiluphi uhlobo losongo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Igciwane le-Covid liyashintsha njalo (liyashintsha), okuyikho okudala izinhlobo ezintsha. Lokhu kuvamile.
- Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezifo eziyingozi, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zingasakazeka ngokushesha, zibangele ukugula okubi, noma zingasabeli emithini yokugoma.
- I-Delta ne-Omicron yizinhlobo ezimbili ezaziwa kakhulu. Kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezincane ngaphakathi kwe-Omicron.
- Izimpawu zingase zihluke kancane kuye ngokucindezeleka, kodwa izimpawu eziyisisekelo ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba zivamile.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu. Njalo bona udokotela uma ungabaza.
- Ukulandela imikhuba emihle yezempilo njengokugqoka imaski, ukugeza izandla, nokugonywa kungakuvikela kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo.
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