Ingabe uzwa ubuhlungu besisu, umuzwa oshisayo esiswini, noma i-gastritis uma uphuza imithi yobuhlungu enikezwe udokotela wakho ngenxa yobuhlungu bamalunga, ubuhlungu bomhlane, noma obunye ubuhlungu? Empeleni lokhu kuyinkinga evamile kubantu abaningi. Kuyacasula kakhulu ukuba nenye inkinga ngemva kokuthatha umuthi wokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile lwemithi olunganciphisa lobu buhlungu besisu futhi lulawule ubuhlungu? Lelo hlobo lwemithi lubizwa ngokuthi i-COX-2 inhibitors . Namuhla sikhuluma ngalokho.
Ayini ama-COX-2 Inhibitors? Ake sikuqonde kalula.
Ama-COX-2 inhibitors empeleni ayilungu lomndeni ofanayo wama-painkiller aziwa ngokuthi ama-NSAID (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs) . Imithi ovame ukuyisebenzisa, njenge -Ibuprofen , i-Diclofenac, ne-Naproxen , ingeyaleli qembu lama-NSAID. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale mithi ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, nokunciphisa umkhuhlane.
Ngakho-ke yini ekhethekile ngalezi zithibi ze-COX-2? Ukuze siqonde lokho, sidinga kuqala ukubheka ukuthi i -NSAID evamile isebenza kanjani emizimbeni yethu.
"Izisebenzi" ezimbili emzimbeni wethu: i-COX-1 ne-COX-2
Ake sithi ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu kukhona uhlobo lwe -enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-Cyclooxygenase ( COX ). Laba bafana nezisebenzi ezincane ezenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene emizimbeni yethu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili kakhulu zalezi zisebenzi ze-COX.
1. I-COX-1: Lesi isisebenzi "esihle". Umsebenzi waso oyinhloko ukuvikela ulwelwesi lwesisu namathumbu ethu. Sisiza ekwakheni ungqimba oluvikelayo lokuvikela isisu kuma-asidi okugaya ukudla esikudlayo nesikuphuzayo. Siphinde sihileleke enqubweni yokujiya kwegazi .
2. I-COX-2: Lokhu kuvame ukuba "yimbangela yezinkinga." Uma kukhona ukulimala, ukutheleleka, noma umonakalo emzimbeni wethu, kuya lapho futhi kukhiqize amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-prostaglandins . Lawa ma-prostaglandins yiwona abangela ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nomkhuhlane. Nakuba lokhu empeleni kuyinqubo yokuvikela emzimbeni, ezifweni ezingamahlalakhona njenge-arthritis, le nqubo iyaqhubeka nokubangela ubuhlungu.
Manje bheka, uma sithatha i-NSAID evamile njenge-Ibuprofen, lowo muthi ungena emzimbeni uvimbele kokubili umuntu omuhle (COX-1) nomuntu omubi (COX-2), okusho ukuthi bobabili bayayeka ukusebenza. Ngenxa yokuthi i-COX-2 ivinjiwe, ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kuyancishiswa. Lokho kuhle. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi i-COX-1 ivinjiwe, ukuvikelwa kwesisu nakho kuyamiswa, futhi amathuba okuvuvukala kwesisu, i-gastritis, ngisho nezilonda zesisu ayanda.
Ukuze baxazulule le nkinga, ososayensi bathole izidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi i-COX-2 inhibitors. Lezi zidakamizwa zifana nezibhamu ezidubulayo. Uma zingena emzimbeni, zihlasela ngqo isisebenzi esihluphayo se-COX-2. Isisebenzi esihle i-COX-1 asiphazamisi lutho. Senza umsebenzi waso nje.
Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi isisu siqhubeka sivikelwe, yi-enzyme ye-COX-2 kuphela, ebangela ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala, evinjelwayo. Kalula nje, inzuzo enkulu yama-COX-2 inhibitors ukuthi alawula ubuhlungu ngenkathi enciphisa imiphumela emibi yesisu.
Yiziphi izimo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-COX-2 inhibitors?
Lolu hlobo lomuthi lunconywa odokotela ezimweni ezahlukahlukene ezibuhlungu nezivuvukalayo. Ngezansi kunezinye zezindlela eziyinhloko.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Osteoarthritis | Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga okwenzeka lapho uqwanga oluphakathi kwamalunga luwohloka ngokuguga noma ngezinye izizathu. Ngokuvamile kuthinta amalunga afana namadolo nezinqe. |
| Isifo Samathambo Esibangelwa Yi-Rheumatoid | Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu obuvela lapho isici ohlelweni lokuzivikela lomzimba sihlasela amalunga. |
| Isifo Samathambo Sentsha | Izimo ze-arthritis ezinganeni ezincane. |
| I-Ankylosing Spondylitis | Isifo esibangela ukuthi amalunga omgogodla avuvuke futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ahlangane, okubangela ukuqina. |
| Ubuhlungu Bokuya Esikhathini / I-Dysmenorrhea | Ukulawula ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu esingezansi obuhambisana nokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane. |
| Ubuhlungu besikhashana | Iphinde isetshenziswe ezinhlungwini zesikhashana, njengokulimala kwezemidlalo, ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kanye nobuhlungu ngemva kokukhishwa kwezinyo. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mithi ingasetshenziswa nakwezinye izimo ezifana ne-gout kanye ne-migraine, ngokubona kukadokotela.
Yiziphi izithibi ze-COX-2 ezisetshenziswa eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele?
I-COX-2 inhibitor esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni naseSri Lanka yi -Celecoxib . Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngayo ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Celebrex® .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izithibi ze-COX-2 ezifana ne -Etoricoxib (Arcoxia®) kanye ne -Parecoxib (Dynastat®) nazo ziyasetshenziswa emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele.
Kodwa kufanele futhi ukwazi lokhu. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ezinye izidakamizwa zokuvimbela i-COX-2, njengeRofecoxib (Vioxx®) kanye neValdecoxib (Bextra®) , zazithengiswa emakethe. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zakamuva zathola ukuthi le mithi yandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Yabangela nokuthi abanye abantu babe nezifo zesikhumba ezinkulu. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, le mithi yasuswa emakethe.
Isifundo esibaluleke kakhulu esingasifunda kulezi zigameko ukuthi akukho muthi wokuqeda izinhlungu okufanele usetshenziswe isikhathi eside ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela . Yonke imithi inezinzuzo nezingozi zayo. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakhetha umuthi ofanele futhi ophephile kakhulu kuwe.
Ngingawuthatha kanjani lo muthi? Kufanele ngiwuthathe isikhathi esingakanani?
Ama-COX-2 inhibitors avame ukuza ngesimo samaphilisi, kodwa angatholakala futhi njengesixazululo somlomo.
Ubuhlungu buqala ukuncipha phakathi nehora elilodwa ngemva kokuthatha lo muthi.Kodwa-ke, kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuzwa izinzuzo eziphelele zokulwa nokuvuvukala, njengokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
Isikhathi osidingayo ukuthatha lo muthi sincike esimweni sakho sezempilo.
- Ngobuhlungu besikhashana (njengezinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto amabili): Kunconywa njalo ukuthi uthathe umthamo ophansi kakhulu osebenzayo isikhathi esifushane kakhulu .
- Ngesimo sesikhathi eside njenge-arthritis: Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezempilo ophelele, eminye imithi oyithathayo, ngisho nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi uma kudingeka, ukuze anqume ukuthi kuphephile yini ngawe ukuqhubeka nokuthatha lo muthi.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale uthatha umthamo owunikezwe udokotela wakho, njengoba nje uyalelwe, futhi isikhathi osinqunyiwe. Uma unenkinga, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka umuthi noma ukushintsha umthamo.
Yiziphi izingozi nemiphumela emibi ye-COX-2 inhibitors?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, inzuzo enkulu yale mithi ukuthi ayinawo umthelela omkhulu esiswini nasemathunjini. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ayinazo izingozi. Eminye imiphumela emibi ingenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma ithathwa ngemithamo ephezulu futhi isikhathi eside.
Izingozi ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi: Wonke ama-NSAID, kufaka phakathi ama-COX-2 inhibitors, angandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi ngezinga elithile. Le ngozi inkulu nakakhulu kubantu asebevele benezici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo, njengomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.
2. Izinkinga zesisu namathumbu: Nakuba zingavamile njenge-NSAID evamile, ama-COX-2 inhibitors angabangela ukuphuma kwegazi esiswini kanye nezilonda kwabanye abantu. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile nalabo abathatha eminye imithi ebangela ukuvuvukala kwesisu.
Eminye imiphumela emibi engaba khona:
| Uhlelo lomzimba | Imiphumela emibi engaba khona |
|---|---|
| Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla | Ukuqunjelwa, ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, uhudo, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nesilungulela. |
| Inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi | Umfutho wegazi ophakeme (Umfutho wegazi ophakeme), ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile (Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo), ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi okungajwayelekile. |
| Izinso | Ukwehla kokusebenza kwezinso, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze (i-edema) ngenxa yokuqongelela kwamanzi nosawoti emzimbeni, kanye namazinga e-potassium akhuphukile egazini. |
| Uhlelo lwezinzwa | Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi. |
Akuwona wonke umuntu othola yonke imiphumela emibi ebhalwe kulolu hlu. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu noma ubona noma yini engavamile, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ubani okungafanele athathe lo muthi?
Abanye abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha abafaneleki ukusebenzisa ama-COX-2 inhibitors. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela konke lokhu ngaphambi kokukunikeza umuthi.
Abantu okungafanele bathathe i-COX-2 inhibitors:
- Uma uke waba nesifo sohlangothi ngaphambilini.
- Uma ulungiselela noma usanda kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass.
- Uma unesifo sezinso esibi kakhulu noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi.
- Uma uke waba nokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya noma ukusabela okubi kakhulu kokungezwani komzimba ngemva kokuthatha i-aspirin noma enye i-NSAID.
- Uma une-allergy kuma-antibiotic e-sulfonamide.
Labo okufanele baqaphele kakhulu:
- Uma usuvele unezilonda esiswini noma ukopha.
- Uma usezinyangeni ezintathu zokugcina zokukhulelwa.
- Uma ungumama oncelisayo.
Uma unezinye zalezi zimo, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nakanjani.
Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha!
Uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngenkathi uthatha i-COX-2 inhibitors, yeka ukuthatha imithi bese ubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU).
- Izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi: umchamo omnyama, ukukhathala okukhulu, ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, indle enombala okhanyayo, ubuhlungu besisu.
- Izimpawu zokopha: ukuhlanza igazi, ukuhlanza okufana nokudla kwekhofi, igazi esitofini noma indle emnyama, igazi emchameni, ukopha kwezinsini, kanye nokulunywa kalula.
- Izimpawu zezinkinga zezinso: ukungakwazi ukuchama, ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo, igazi emchameni, ukukhuluphala ngokuzumayo.
- Izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba: ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, noma ulimi.
- Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: ubuhlungu obucindezelayo esifubeni, ubuhlungu obusakazekela engalweni yesobunxele, emhlathini, noma emhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukujuluka.
- Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi: ukuba ndikindiki kolunye uhlangothi lobuso, ingalo, noma umlenze, ubunzima bokukhuluma, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu elibi kakhulu nelizumayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-COX-2 inhibitors uhlobo oluthile lwemithi yokubulala izinhlungu (NSAID) olunemiphumela emibi embalwa esiswini.
- Lezi zisetshenziselwa i-arthritis, ubuhlungu bokuya esikhathini, nezinye izimo ezibuhlungu.
- Ngokungafani nezinhlungu ezivamile, lezi zihlasela kuphela i-enzyme ye-COX-2, ebangela ubuhlungu, futhi aziphazamisi i-enzyme ye-COX-1, evikela isisu.
- Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo, le mithi ingandisa nengozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi ngezinga elithile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ungalokothi uthathe lo muthi ngemithamo ephezulu noma isikhathi eside kunomyalelo onikeziwe ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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