Uma sifika ekhanda endaweni ethile, singase sicabange, "O, kumane nje kuyiqhubu elincane," kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi kakhulu kunalokho. Ikakhulukazi uma izinto ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu , ukuhlanza, nobunzima bokukhuluma zivela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokulimala ekhanda, akukuhle ukucabanga kalula. Lesi kungaba yisimo esibi esihlobene nobuchopho. Namuhla sikhuluma nge-Subdural Hematoma, isimo esiyingozi sonke okudingeka sisiqaphele.
Kalula nje, iyini le-Subdural Hematoma?
Kalula nje, yilapho igazi liqoqana phakathi kwezindwangu ezivikelayo ezizungeze ubuchopho bethu. Cabanga ngakho, ubuchopho bethu buyisitho esibucayi kakhulu. Kunezingqimba eziningana zezindwangu ngaphakathi kwekhanda ukuze zivikeleke. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi umthambo wegazi obuthakathaka ngaphansi kwekhanda 'elihlala ngaphansi', elitholakala ngaphansi kwekhanda kodwa ngaphandle kwezicubu zobuchopho, uyaqhuma bese igazi liqoqana.
Lokhu kuphuma kwegazi akwenzeki ngaphakathi kobuchopho, kodwa kwenzeka ngaphandle kobuchopho. Kodwa inkinga ikwenye indawo . Ugebhezi lufana nebhokisi eliqinile nelivaliwe. Ngakho leli gazi liqala ukuqongelela, futhi ubuchopho buqala ukucindezela. Lokhu kwanda kwengcindezi kuyingozi kakhulu. Lokhu kucindezelwa kungalimaza ubuchopho, kwenze umuntu angazi lutho, noma kube yingozi empilweni.
Ingabe lokhu kuhlukile ku-epidural hematoma?
Yebo, zombili ziphuma igazi ekhanda, kodwa kunomehluko omncane. Ku-epidural hematoma, igazi liqoqana ngaphezu kwe-dura membrane esikhulume ngayo ngaphambilini, okusho ukuthi liseduze nekhanda. Ngokuvamile lidinga ukushaywa ngamandla amakhulu. Futhi izimpawu zalo zivame ukuvela ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, i-subdural hematoma ivame kakhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zalokhu kuphuma kwegazi:
Ama-hematoma angaphansi kwe-subdural angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe ekutheni akhula ngokushesha kangakanani. Lokhu kubalulekile ukukuqonda, njengoba izimpawu kanye nobunzima kuncike ohlotsheni.
| Uhlobo lwe-hematoma | Isikhathi kanye nemvelo | Izimpawu ezivame ukubonakala |
|---|---|---|
| I-Acute Subdural Hematoma (Isimo Esiphuthumayo) | Kungakapheli imizuzu noma amahora ngemva kokulimala ekhanda okukhuluUkopha kwenzeka ngokushesha. Lolu uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu. | Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza. Ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha kubalulekile. |
| I-Subacute Subdural Hematoma (isimo se-subacute) | Ukopha kwenzeka kancane kakhulu. Izimpawu zivela ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa ngemva kokulimala ekhanda. | Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ukuhlanza, kanye nokwanda kancane kancane kokudideka. Lesi futhi yisimo esiyingozi. |
| I-Chronic Subdural Hematoma (isimo sesikhathi eside) | Kuvamile kakhulu kubantu abadala. Njengoba ubuchopho buguga, buyancipha kancane, okubangela ukuba imithambo yegazi emincane inwebeke futhi yophe kancane, ngisho noma kunokulimala okuncane. Izimpawu zingase zivele ngemva kwamasonto . | Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokuhamba, ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi. Ngokuvamile kuphanjaniswa nezimpawu zokuguga noma i-dementia. |
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele?
Izimpawu ze-subdural hematoma ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesilinganiso sokopha. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ulahlekelwe ingqondo ngokushesha ngemva kokulimala ekhanda. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ungabi nazo izimpawu izinsuku eziningana, bese izimpawu zingase zivele kamuva.
Ngokuvamile, qaphela lezi zici:
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli
- Ukudideka , izinguquko endleleni yokuhamba
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ukulala ngokweqile, ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
- Ukuba ndikindiki kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba (ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olubhekene nokulimala kwekhanda )
- Umehluko ngobukhulu bezimpumputhe zamehlo amabili
- Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma inkulumo engacacile
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
- Ukuquleka
- Izinguquko zombono
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kungaba usuku noma isonto ngemuva kokulimala ekhanda, ungachithi isikhathi bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) . Lokhu kungaba yisimo sokuphila noma ukufa.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko kanye nezici eziyingozi zalesi simo
Imbangela eyinhloko ukulimala ekhanda . Lokhu kungaba:
- Ukuwa (ikakhulukazi kwasebekhulile)
- Izingozi zezimoto
- Ukuhlaselwa
- Izingozi zemidlalo (isb. isibhakela, i-rugby)
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ngozi iphakeme kwabanye abantu.
- Abantu abadala: Njengoba ubuchopho buncipha ngokwemvelo njengoba siguga, imithambo yegazi ethambile phakathi kobuchopho nogebhezi iyanwebeka. Lokhu kungabangela ukuba iqhume futhi yophe ngisho noma ishaywe kancane.
- Abantu abasebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa igazi: Abantu abasebenzisa imithi efana neWarfarin ne-Aspirin basengozini yokopha kakhulu ngisho nangengozi encane.
- Abantu abaphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Utshwala bubangela ukushwabana kobuchopho futhi kwandisa ingozi yokuwa.
- Izinsana ezincane: Lesi simo singavela ezimweni ezifana ne-"Shaken baby syndrome" noma ngenxa yezingozi ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Ngokuvamile, uma uya esibhedlela ngemva kokulimala ekhanda, into yokuqala udokotela wakho angayenza uku-oda i -CT scan noma i-MRI scan yekhanda lakho. Lezi skeni zingabonisa ngokucacile noma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi kogebhezi lwakho. I-CT scan iyashesha futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimweni eziphuthumayo. I-MRI scan inganikeza ulwazi olunemininingwane eminingi.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kuncike enanini kanye nohlobo lokopha, kanye nesimo sesiguli.
- Ukuqaphela: Uma ukopha kuncane kakhulu futhi izimpawu zingembi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukukugcina esibhedlela ukuze uhlolwe ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa bazoqhubeka nokukuhlola ukuze babone ukuthi ukopha kuya kuba kubi noma kuyazixazulula ngokwako.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma ukopha kukhulu futhi kubangela ingcindezi ebuchosheni, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe igazi.
- Ukubhoboza imbobo ye-Burr: Lokhu kuhilela ukubhoboza imbobo encane ekhanda elingaphezu kwendawo lapho igazi liqoqene khona, ukufaka ipayipi kulo, nokumunca igazi.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda: Uma ukopha kukhulu noma sekuvele ihlule legazi, ingxenye encane yogebhezi isuswa okwesikhashana, igazi likhishwa ngokuphelele, bese ugebhezi luphinde luxhunywe.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela kuphela onganquma ukuthi lokhu kungelapheka yini ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ungalokothi uhlale ekhaya esimweni esinjengalesi.
Ungaphunyuka kanjani kulesi simo?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-hematoma ye-subdural yile:Ukuvimbela ukulimala ekhanda .
- Gqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela njalo uma ugibela amabhayisikili nezithuthuthu.
- Uma ugibele imoto, gqoka ibhande lesihlalo .
- Qaphela izindawo ekhaya lakho lapho abantu bangashelela khona futhi bawe khona (isib. indlu yangasese, izitebhisi), ikakhulukazi uma kunabantu asebekhulile. Benze baphephe.
- Lawula ukuphuza kwakho utshwala.
- Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi ngisho nengozi encane.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-hematoma ye-subdural yisimo esibi kakhulu esingase senzeke ngemva kokulimala ekhanda.
- Kungathatha izinsuku noma amasonto ukuthi izimpawu zivele ngemva kokulimala ekhanda, ngakho-ke hlala uqaphile.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ukuhlanza, ukudideka, noma ubunzima bokuhamba, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Ikakhulukazi asebekhulile kanye nalabo abathatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi kudingeka baqaphele lokhu, ngisho nangemva kokuwa okuncane.
- Ukuvikela ikhanda lakho kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela lesi simo. Hlala uphephile.
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