Ukukhanya kwelanga kuyinto ebalulekile eSri Lanka yethu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi leli langa elinobungane alinabungane kangako esikhumbeni sethu. Ngemva kokuba selangeni isikhathi eside, isikhumba siba bomvu futhi sivuvuke. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ' ukushiswa yilanga ' noma '(ukushiswa yilanga)'. Isizathu salokhu yimisebe ye-ultraviolet evela elangeni engabonakali emehlweni ethu, okungukuthi imisebe ye-`(Ultraviolet A - UVA)` kanye ne-`(Ultraviolet B - UVB)`. Uma le misebe iwela esikhumbeni kakhulu, ingalimaza isikhumba. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa lokhu kungaba yimbangela yomdlavuza wesikhumba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngisho nangosuku olunamafu, le misebe ifinyelela emhlabeni, ngakho-ke noma ucabanga ukuthi ilanga alinamandla, amathuba okulimala kwesikhumba afana.
Kuyini ngempela 'ukushiswa yilanga'?
Kalula nje, "Ukushiswa yilanga" kwenzeka lapho isikhumba sakho sichayeka emisebeni eminingi "(UV)" kunaleyo esingayiphatha. Isikhumba sethu ngokwemvelo sinombala ovikelayo, esiwubiza ngokuthi "( melanin )". Yilokhu okunquma umbala wesikhumba sethu. Uma sichayeka elangeni, umzimba wethu uzama ukuvikela isikhumba ngokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-"(melanin). Kodwa lapho ilanga liba namandla kakhulu, lolu hlelo lokuzivikela alukwazi ukuluphatha. Yilapho-ke isikhumba sisha khona.
Ziyini izimpawu zokushiswa yilanga?
- Ububomvu besikhumba (lobu bomvu bubonakala kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo, kodwa kungenzeka bungabonakali kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama).
- Ukuzizwa ushisa uma uthintwa.
- Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu.
- Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kushiswa kakhulu yilanga, isikhumba singavuvukala futhi sibe nama- blister agcwele amanzi.
- Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu , umkhuhlane, ukubanda, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi kungase kwenzeke. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi umuntu angene ngisho nokushaqeka.
Isikhumba osibonile sizonyamalala zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokushiswa yilanga. Isikhumba singaba lusizi kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi. Khumbula, lezi zindawo zesikhumba zizwela kakhulu , ngakho-ke kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi izindawo ezifanayo zizoshiswa yilanga futhi zingakapheli amasonto ambalwa.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ungazizwa ubuhlungu ngokushesha uma ushiswa yilanga. Ngesikhathi ubuhlungu buqala ukungena, umonakalo usuvele wenzekile. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuzivikela kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokushiswa yilanga?
Nakuba noma ubani engase ashiswe yilanga, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Kulabo abanesikhumba esikhanyayo .
- Kulabo abanezinwele ezikhanyayo, ikakhulukazi izinwele ezibomvu .
- Kulabo abasebenzisa imithi ethile . Le mithi ikhulisa ukuzwela kwesikhumba elangeni.
Uma uthatha lolu hlobo lwemithi, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu kuneminye uma uphuma elangeni. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemithi oyithathayo, kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho.
| Imithi Ekhulisa Ukuzwela Elangeni | |
|---|---|
| Isigaba sezidakamizwa | Izibonelo |
| Ama-Painkiller (ama-NSAID) | Imithi yobuhlungu nokuvuvukala, njenge-Ibuprofen ne-Naproxen. |
| Ama-antibiotic | Ama-Quinolone, ama-Tetracycline, ama-Sulfonamides. |
| Imithi yokulwa nomalaleveva | I-Chloroquine, i-Amiodarone |
| Ama-Diuretics (ama-Thiazides) | Imithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi, njenge-Furosemide. |
| Okunye | I-Griseofulvin (isidakamizwa sokulwa nezifo), ama-Phenothiazines (esifo sengqondo), ama-Psoralens (ezifo zesikhumba) |
Amakhambi asekhaya okushiswa yilanga
Ungenza lezi zinto ekhaya ukuze uthole impumuzo ekushisweni yilanga okuncane.
- Beka indwangu ecwiliswe emanzini abandayo endaweni eshile. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukuvuvukala nokushisa.
- Nciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukalaUngathatha umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu njengeParacetamol (unganiki izingane ezincane i-aspirin ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela).
- Faka ijeli noma amafutha aqukethe i-aloe vera . Lokhu kuzopholisa, kuthambise isikhumba futhi kuthobe.
- Gwema ukubuyela elangeni kuze kube yilapho ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba nobuhlungu sekudambisile ngokuphelele.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi . Ukushiswa yilanga kungabangela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokukhipha amanzi amaningi emzimbeni.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma unesikhumba esishisayo kakhulu, amabhamuza, noma izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukubanda, noma ukudinwa, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ukuzwela kwesithombe
`Ukuzwela kwelanga` kuyindlela engavamile yokusabela kwesikhumba sabanye abantu elangeni. Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi ``ukungezwani nelanga.'' Cabanga nje, njengoba nje abanye abantu bengezwani nokudla, isikhumba salaba bantu singezwani nelanga.
Abantu abanalesi simo banesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esisebenza ngokweqile esisabela ekukhanyeni, ikakhulukazi elangeni. Lokhu kungabangela ukuqubuka kwesikhumba uma bevezwa elangeni. Abanye abantu bangase babe nomuzwa wokukhanya okukhanyayo okusetshenziswa endlini.
Izimbangela zokuzwela ukukhanya:
- Eminye imithi (njengaleyo eshiwo ngenhla).
- Ukuthintana kwesikhumba namakhemikhali athile kanye neziqholo.
- Ukuthintana nezitshalo.
- Imithi yamakhambi efana ne-`St. John's wort`.
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo njenge-lupus erythematosus.
- Izifo ze-metabolic ezingazuzwa njenge-'Porphyria'.
Kulesi simo, kungase kuvele ukuqubuka okupinki noma okubomvu, amabhamuza, noma amaqhubu ezindaweni ezivezwe yilanga. Kungase kube nokulunywa nokuvuvukala. Udokotela angase anikeze imithi efana nama-steroid ukwelapha lokhu.
Isimo esikhethekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-PMLE (i-Polymorphous Light Eruption)
Ukuqhuma Kokukhanya Okune-Polymorphous (PMLE) olunye uhlobo lokuqhuma okungavela kubantu abazwela ukukhanya kwelanga. Lesi yisimo lapho kuvela khona ukuqhuma esikhumbeni ngemva kwamahora ambalwa bechayeke elangeni. Igama elithi "polymorphous" libhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi lokhu kuqubuka kungavela ngezindlela eziningi. Kungaba amabhamuza amancane abomvu noma amabala amakhulu omile. Ukuluma nokushisa kungahlala izinsuku eziningana. Uma unalesi simo, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela.Sidinga ukuhlangana futhi sithole iseluleko.
Uma ufuna ukuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni...
Ukuvimbela kungcono njalo kunokwelapha.
- Imisebe ye-UVB inamandla kakhulu phakathi kuka -10:00 ekuseni no-2:00 ntambama . Gwema ukuchayeka elangeni ngqo phakathi nalesi sikhathi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Gqoka izingubo ezifanele . Izingubo ezimnyama nezilukiwe kahle zivikela kahle. Kungcono ukugqoka amahembe namabhulukwe anemikhono emide.
- Gqoka isigqoko esikhulu nezibuko zelanga .
- Sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga. Lokhu kubalulekile.
- Khetha eyodwa ene-SPF (Sun Protection Factor) engama- 30 noma ngaphezulu .
- Thola eyodwa ethi `broad-spectrum`. Lokho kusho ukuthi ikuvikela emisebeni ye-`(UVA)` kanye ne-`(UVB)`.
- Kungaba ngcono ukube yayine-"physical blocker" efana ne-"zinc oxide".
- Ungakhohlwa ukugqoka isivikelo selanga ngisho nangezinsuku ezinamafu.
- Faka isivikelo selanga cishe imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokuya ngaphandle.
- Ngemva kokubhukuda noma ukujuluka, kufanele uphinde ufake umuthi wokuvikela ilanga okungenani njalo ngehora nesigamu .
Ingabe i-sunscreen ifanele izingane?
Kungcono ukugcina izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala kude nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Uma lokho kungenzeki, ungafaka isithambisi selanga esine-SPF engama-30 noma ngaphezulu kanye ne-zinc oxide ezindaweni ezincane njengezihlathi nangemuva kwezandla. Kodwa-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukwenza isivivinyo se-patch esihlakaleni sengane yakho kuqala ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukushiswa yilanga kuwumonakalo omkhulu wesikhumba ongagcina uholele kumdlavuza wesikhumba.
- Ukuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha. Sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu njalo uma uphuma ngaphandle.
- Uma isikhumba sakho sibomvu, sinamabala, futhi sinezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, kungaba ukusha kwelanga okukhulu. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Eminye imithi oyithathayo ingase yandise ukuzwela kwesikhumba sakho elangeni. Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Uma uhlaselwa ukuqubuka okungajwayelekile ngemva kokuchayeka elangeni, kungaba yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuzwela ukukhanya kwelanga. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngalokho futhi.
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