Zicabange unomkhuhlane ophakeme izinsuku ezimbalwa. Bese umkhuhlane uphela wodwa. Ucabanga ukuthi uphilile. Kodwa cishe ngemva kwesonto, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, uphinde ube nomkhuhlane ophakeme. Lolu hlobo lomkhuhlane luyafika luhambe... Akumangazi yini kancane? Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko lwe- Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever (TBRF) . Lesi akusona isifo esivame kakhulu, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela.
Lesi sifo sikhula kanjani?
Kalula nje, lesi sifo sibangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwebhaktheriya . Leli bhaktheriya lingena emizimbeni yethu ngokulunywa uhlobo oluthile lwemikhaza . Sibiza la makhaza ngokuthi 'amakhaza athambile'.
Ngokungafani nama-tick aqinile esiwajwayele, la ma-tick athambile awahlali enamathele emizimbeni yethu izinsuku eziningi. Amunca igazi esikhathini esifushane, cishe imizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30, bese ebuyela lapho avela khona. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lapho la ma-tick eluma, asizwa buhlungu. Ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi asazi nokuthi silunywe yini yi-tick.
Lezi zinhlayiya zihlala ezidlekeni zezilwane ezincane njengezimpuku nezingwejeje. Yingakho lesi sifo sihlotshaniswa kakhulu nezindlu zasemaphandleni ezindaweni ezinezintaba. Ngoba ezindaweni ezinjalo, izilwane ezifana nezimpuku zakha izidleke ngaphakathi kwezindonga nophahla. Ebusuku, lapho silele, izinhlayiya kulezi zidleke ziyaphuma zimunce igazi lethu.
Nakuba lesi sifo singabikwa kakhulu eSri Lanka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu uma uhamba uya ezindaweni ezinezintaba emazweni angaphandle, ikakhulukazi emazweni afana ne-United States, iCanada, neMexico.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe isonto ukuthi izimpawu zivele ngemva kokulunywa yizimpukane. Uphawu oluyinhloko, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, umkhuhlane omkhulu ofikayo ubuye uphele.
Umkhuhlane uvame ukuhlala cishe izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu. Bese kuthi ngemva kwezinsuku ezi-5 kuya kwezingu-7 ungenawo umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane uphinde uvele. Uma ungelashwa, lo mjikelezo uyaqhubeka.
Ekupheleni kwesiqephu ngasinye somkhuhlane, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho lingakhuphuka ngokuzumayo lifike ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu (mhlawumbe lifike ku-106.7 F). Lokhu kungahlala cishe imizuzu eyi-10-30. Bese umkhuhlane wehla ngokuzumayo, futhi ungase ujuluke kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalesi sibonakaliso esiyinhloko, ezinye izimpawu eziningana zingabonakala.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu. |
| Ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga | Ubuhlungu bomzimba kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga. |
| Kubanda futhi kuyathuthumela | Umkhuhlane omkhulu ohambisana nomkhuhlane. |
| Ukuhlanza kanye nobuhlungu besisu | Ukucanuzela, ukuhlanza, kanye nobuhlungu besisu. |
| Ezinye izici | Izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, ubuhlungu bamehlo, isifo sohudo, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, kanye nokudideka nazo zingabonakala. |
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuxilongwa?
Uma ubonisa lezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho uzoqala akuhlole ngokucophelela. Uzobuza nangohambo lwakamuva, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezintaba nezindlu ezindala zokhuni lapho lezi zinambuzane ezithambile zingahlala khona.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kuthathwa isampula yegazi lakho. Leli sampula legazi livame ukuthathwa uma unomkhuhlane. Elabhorethri, usosayensi uhlola isampula encane yegazi lakho ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kuzokukhombisa kahle ukuthi amabhaktheriya abangela lesi sifo, abizwa ngokuthi *Borrelia*, akhona yini egazini lakho. Ngaphansi kwe-microscope, lawa mabhaktheriya abukeka njenge-corkscrew encane.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Esikhathini esiningi, lesi sifo singelapheka ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi sifo siqinisekiswa, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic . Lawa abulala amagciwane abangela lesi sifo. Imithi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yi-tetracycline ne-doxycycline. Abesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane ezincane bavame ukunikezwa eminye imithi, njenge-erythromycin.Kunikezwa umuthi olwa namagciwane. Iningi labantu lizizwa lingcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala umuthi.
Into ekhethekile okufanele uyikhumbule!
Nakhu okukhethekile okufanele ukwazi: Abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye abathola ukwelashwa bangase babe nokwanda kwesikhashana kwezimpawu (umkhuhlane ophakeme, ukubanda) emahoreni ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokuqala ama-antibiotic.
Ungesabi! Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi ukusabela kwe-Jarisch-Herxheimer . Kwenzeka lapho amabhaktheriya ebulawa ngama-antibiotic, futhi ubuthi bukhishwa kulawo mabhaktheriya afile.
Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zimpawu zizophela zodwa zingakapheli amahora ambalwa. Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlale esibhedlela ukuze uhlolwe amahora ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokuqala umuthi. Akuvamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babe nobunzima bokuphefumula. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha noma ukuya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha.
Ingabe izinkinga zingaba khona?
Ngokwelashwa okufanele ngama-antibiotic, lokhu kutheleleka kuzophela ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Izinkinga azivamile.
Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, i-TBRF ingalimaza imizwa exhumanisa amehlo noma izindlebe zakho. Lokhu kungabangela ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ukubona. Kungabangela nokukhubazeka kwesikhashana kwemisipha yobuso, okubizwa ngokuthi i-Bell's palsy . Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo kungenzeka.
Uma uthola lesi sifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingozi yezinkinga ezifana nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa kwesisindo esiphansi ingase ikhuphuke kancane. Ngakho-ke, umama okhulelwe kufanele aqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu.
Ungazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo?
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema ukulunywa yizimpukane.
- Uma uya endaweni lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi kube nezinambuzane, sebenzisa isibulala-zinambuzane uma ungaphandle. Ungasebenzisa uketshezi oluqukethe i-permethrin ezingutsheni, noma umkhiqizo oqukethe i-DEET esikhumbeni nasezingutsheni.
- Uma uhlala endaweni yokuphumula endala yokhuni, hlola amagundane. Hlola izinto ezifana namakoloni ezinyosi. Uma ubona noma yiziphi, susa amagundane nezidleke zawo ngosizo lochwepheshe wokulawula izinambuzane.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane Ophindaphindayo Obangelwa Yizintwala (TBRF) yisifo esithwalwa yizintwala esibangela ukuba umkhuhlane ufike, uphele, bese ubuye.
- Lokhu kubangelwa 'izimpukane ezithambile' ezihlala emigodini yezilwane ezifana namagundane. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu ezindlini ezindala zokhuni (izindlwana zasemaphandleni) ezindaweni ezinezintaba.
- Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhamba, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Lesi sifo singalapheka ngokuphelele ngama-antibiotic.
- Izimpawu zingase zikhule okwesikhashana phakathi namahora ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa (ukusabela kukaJarisch-Herxheimer). Ungesabi lokhu futhi ulandele iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela ukungenwa yilesi sifo. Thatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze uzivikele ezifweni.
Umkhuhlane, Amakhizane, I-TBRF, Umkhuhlane Obuyela Emuva, I-Borrelia, Ukwelashwa, Izimpawu, Ukutheleleka
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